آزمون‌های شخصیت و تحلیل شخصیت دانالد ترامپ: نگرشی روانشناختی- سیاسی
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی تحقیقات سیاسی و بین المللی
علی اشرف نظری
1
(استاد دانشگاه تهران)
امیر ملائی مظفری
2
(دانشجوی دکترای علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران)
کلید واژه: روان‌شناسی, خودشیفتگی, آزمون شخصیت, اختلال‌های روانی, دانالد ترامپ,
چکیده مقاله :
دانالد ترامپ یکی از شخصیت‌های سیاسی است که به‌واسطه‌ی داشتن تحرک و هیجان‌پذیری بالا، درک ماهیت افکار و رفتارهای او بیش از همه رؤسای جمهور پیشین ایالات متحده امریکا مورد توجه روانشناسان قرار گرفته است. تعداد بسیاری از روانشناسان در مقالات و مصاحبه‌های متعدد، ویژگی‌های رفتاری و سخنان ترامپ را بر اساس آزمون‌های روانشناختی تحلیل کرده‌اند. این مقاله سعی دارد شباهت‌ها و تفاوت‌های یافته‌های معتبرترین تشخیص‌ها را برجسته کرده و ساختار فکری و روانشناختی دانالد ترامپ را تحلیل کند. مسئلة بنیادین مورد نظر روانشناسان و روانکاوان این است که مشاهده‌گر بیرونی چگونه می‌تواند ساختار فکری- روانشناختی، رفتار و کنش‌های یک شخصیت سیاسی را تحلیل کند؟ پرسش اصلی این است که ماهیت شخصیت دانالد ترامپ چیست و چگونه می‌توان رفتار او را درک، تحلیل و پیش‌بینی کرد؟ با این هدف، شخصیت ترامپ را با توجه به آزمون‌های روان‌آزاری هیر، خودشیفتگی، بالینی چندمحوری تئودور میلون، پنج‌عاملی شخصیت، و شش‌عاملی شخصیت HEXACO بررسی خواهد شد. بررسی و ارزیابی نتایج آزمون‌های روانشناختی مختلف و تحلیل شخصیت ترامپ، می‌تواند موجب درک عمیق رفتارها و کنش‌های سیاسی و امکان پیش‌بینی‌پذیری اقدامات او شود.
Donald Trump is one of the political figures whose understanding of the nature of his thinking and behavior has attracted the attention of psychologists more than any previous president of the United States of America, because he shows high levels of mobility and excitement. Thus, many psychologists have attempted in their numerous articles and interviews to analyze the behavior and words of Trump based on various personality tests. This article attempts to highlight the similarities and differences in the findings of the most reliable diagnoses and study the intellectual and psychological structure of Donald Trump. The main question here is concerned with the nature of Donald Trump’s character and how his behavior can be understood, analyzed and predicted. To this end, Trump’s character has been studied through the lenses of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist, DSM-4’s Narcissistic Personality Disorder, Millon Inventory of Diagnostic Criteria, The Big Five Model, and the six-dimensional HEXACO Model. Examining and evaluating the results of various psychological tests and analyzing Trump's personality can lead to a deeper understanding of political behaviors and actions and the possibility of predicting his actions during his term in the presidential office..
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