Evaluation of chemical composition, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of Eugenia caryophyllata buds essential oil
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان داروییعماد خلیل زاده 1 , رضا حضرتی 2 , غلامرضا وفایی سیاح 3
1 - بخش فیزیولوژی، گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
2 - بخش فیزیولوژی، گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
3 - بخش فیزیولوژی، گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
کلید واژه: Morphine, Naloxone, Ketoprofen, Clove essential oil, Orofacial pain, Tail immersion,
چکیده مقاله :
Background & Aim: Eugenia caryophyllata well known as Clove is a tree from Myrtaceae family that several parts of this plant traditionally used in dental care as an analgesic. This study aimed to assess the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of the essential oil extracted from Clove buds. Experimental: The essential oil of Clove buds (EOC) was extracted by Clevenger type apparatus and its chemical composition determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Analgesic activities of EOC were measured by formalin-induced orofacial pain and tail immersion test in rat. Also anti-inflammatory effect of the EOC was evaluated by using xylene induced ear edema test in mice. Results: EOC (100, 200 mg/kg, SC) and ketoprofen (80 and 160 mg/kg, IP) inhibit only the second phase of orofacial pain. Morphine (5 mg/kg) as a positive control significantly (p <0.05) reduced pain response in the both phases of pain. Pre-treatment of animals with naloxone did not prevent the EOC (200 mg/kg) analgesic activity. Co-administration of sub-analgesic doses of EOC (50 mg/kg) and ketoprofen (40 mg/kg) significantly (p <0.05) reduced nociceptive behavior in second phase. Also EOC (100 and 200 mg/kg) failed to increase nociceptive response latency in the tail immersion test. Meanwhile, EOC (100 and 200 mg/kg) and ketoprofen (80 mg/kg) significantly (p <0.001) attenuated xylene-induced ear edema in mice. Also according to GC-MS results the major components of the EOC were eugenol (54.86%), β-Caryophyllene (20.19%), α-Humulene (7.11%), eugenol acetat (4.85%) and Chavibetol (2.23%). Recommended applications/industries: These data showed that EOC possessed potent anti-inflammatory activity and produced non-opioid mediated analgesia in the second phase of orofacial pain without any effect on tail immersion response.
مقدمه و هدف: میخک، با نام علمیEugenia caryophyllataدرختی از خانواده Myrtaceae می باشد که قسمت های متعددی از این گیاه به صورت سنتی در مراقبت های دندانی به عنوان ضد عفونی کننده و نیز ضد درد استفاده می گردد. این مطالعه جهت بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و نیز فعالیت ضد التهابی و ضد دردی اسانس تخلیص شده از جوانه میخک طرح ریزی گردید. روش تحقیق:اسانس جوانه میخک توسط روش تقطیر آبی در دستگاه کلونجر استحصال شده و سپس توسطGC-MSمواد موثره آن مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت. فعالیت ضد دردی اسانس میخک توسط مدل درد فرمالینی دهانی- صورتی و نیز مدل غوطه وری دم در آب گرم در موش صحرایی ارزیابی شد. فعالیت ضد التهابی اسانس نیز با استفاده از مدل التهاب گوش ناشی از استعمال گزیلن در موش سوری ارزیابی گردید. اسانس در مقادیر(200 و 100 ، 50 میلی گرم) و کتوپروفن (160 و 80 میلی گرم) فقط موجب مهار مرحله دوم درد اوروفاسیال شدند. نتایج و بحث: اسانس در مقادیر(200 و 100 ، 50 میلی گرم) و کتوپروفن (160 و 80 میلی گرم) فقط موجب مهار مرحله دوم درد اوروفاسیال شدند. مورفین (5 میلی گرم) بصورت معنادار(p <0.05) موجب کاهش پاسخ های درد در هر دو مرحله درد اوروفاسیال گردید. پیش تزریق نالوکسان نتوانست از اثر ضد دردی اسانس ممانعت به عمل آورد. تزریق هم زمان مقادیر زیر ضد درد اسانس (50 میلی گرم) و کتوپروفن (40 میلی گرم) بصورت معنادار(p <0.05)موجب کاهش رفتار درد فقط در مرحله دوم در مقایسه با گروه کنترل گردید. بعلاوه تجویز اسانس نتوانست موجب افزایش مدت زمان نهفته در تست درد حرارتی گردد. در ضمن اسانس میخک ( 200 و 100 میلی گرم) و کتوپروفن (80 میلی گرم) بصورت معنا دار (p<0.001)موجب کاهش التهاب گوش ناشی از استعمال موضعی گزیلن در موش سوری شدند. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: این یافته ها نشان دادند که اسانس میخک دارای فعالیت ضد التهابی قوی بوده و بدون اثر ضد دردی در مدل درد حرارتی، می تواند موجب ایجاد بی دردی غیر وابسته به سیستم اپیوئیدی در مرحله التهابی درد فرمالینی دهانی-صورتی گردد.
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