تاثیر تسریع کننده‌ها و تنش شوری بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.)
محورهای موضوعی : تکنولوژی بذرطیبه سنجری مزاج 1 , طاهره کریمی جلیله وندی 2
1 - دانشگاه شاهد
2 - دانشگاه شاهد
کلید واژه: شاخص بنیه بذر, پیش تیمار, گیاهان قندی, هیدروپرایم,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی تأثیر پیش تیمارهای مختلف بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر و رشد گیاهچه چغندرقند (رقم فرناندو) تحت تنش شوری، پژوهشی در سال 1395 به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در آزمایشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی بذر دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شاهد اجرا گردید. عوامل آزمایش شامل پیش تیمار سالسلیک اسید (3/0 و 6/0 میلی‌مولار)، هیدروپرایم (24 و 48 ساعت) و تنش شوری (0، 3-، 6- و 9- دسی زیمنس بر متر) بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس اثر تسریع کننده‌ها بر ویژگی‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر چغندرقند نشان داد که اثر تسریع کننده‌ها بر صفات درصد جوانه-زنی کل، طول گیاهچه، وزن خشک گیاهچه، محتوی رطوبت نسبی، ضریب جوانه‌زنی و شاخص وزنی بنیه بذر در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. هم‌چنین اثر تنش شوری و نیز اثر توام پیش تیمار و تنش شوری بر تمامی صفات مذکور در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که بیش‌ترین درصد جوانه‌زنی (9/12 درصد) مربوط به پیش تیمار هیدروپرایم 48 ساعت و تنش شوری 3- دسی زیمنس بر متر و کم‌ترین درصد جوانه‌زنی (75/6 درصد) مربوط به پیش تیمار سالسیلیک اسید 3/0 میلی‌مولار و تنش شوری 9- دسی زیمنس بر متر بود. بیش‌ترین و کم-ترین شاخص وزنی بنیه بذر به ترتیب مربوط به تیمار سالسیلیک اسید 6/0 میلی‌مولار و تنش شوری 9- دسی زیمنس بر متر (1/9850) و شاهد و تنش شوری 9- دسی زیمنس بر متر (730) بود. به طور کلی پیش تیمار سالسیلیک اسید 6/0 میلی‌مولار جهت افزایش بنیه بذر گیاه چغندرقند توصیه می‌شود.
Abdollahian Noghabi, M., Sheykholeslami, R. and Babaei, B. 2005. Terms and meanings of technological quantity and quality of sugarbeet. Sugarbeet Journal. 21: 101-104. (In Persian).
Abdul-Baki, A.A., and Anderson, J.D. 1973. Viability and leaching of sugars from germinatin barley. Crop Science. 10: 31-35.
Afzal, I., Ahmad, N. Basra, S.M.A. Ahmad, R. and Iqbal, A. 2002. Effect of different seed vigor enhancement techniques on hybrid maize (Zea mays L.). Journal of Agricultural Science. 39: 109-112.
Alivand, R., Tavakol Afshar, R. and Sharifzade, F. 2011. Effects of Gibberellin, Salicylic Acid, and Ascorbic Acid on improvement of germination characteristics of deteriorated seeds of Brassica Napus. Iranian journal of field crop science. 43(4): 561-571. (In Persian).
Alizadehm M.A. and Isvand, H.R. 2004. Evaluation and the study of germination potential, speed of germination and vigor index of the seeds of two species of medicinal plants (Eruca sativa Lam., Anthemis altissima L.) under cold room and dry storage condition. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research. 20(3): 301-307. (In Persian).
Al-Karaki, G.N. 1998. Response of wheat and barley during germination to seed osmopriming at different water potential. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 181, 229- 235.
Anvari, M., Mehdikhani, H., Shahriari, A.R. and Nouri, G.R. 2009. Effect of salinity stress on 7 species of range plants in germination stage. Iranian journal of range and desert research. 16(2): 262-273. (In Persian).
Ellis, R.A. and Roberts, E.H. 1981. The quantification of ageing and survival in orthodox seeds. Seed Science and Technology. 9: 373-409.
Esanejad, N.S. Omidi, H. and Parvar, A. 2015. Effect of safflower seeds priming with abscisic and gibberellic acid on germination indices in salinity stress condition. Agroecology Journal. 11(4): 1-10. (In Persian).
Fernandez, M.M. and Hejazi, A.Z. 2004. Responses of tomato seeds to hydro-and osmopriming and possible relations of some antioxidant enzymes and endogenous polyamine fractions. Egyptian Journal of Biology. 6(1): 81-93. (In Persian).
Franzen, D. W., Anfirud, M. and Carson, P. 2005. Sugarbeet rooting depth. SugarbeetResearch and Extension Reports. 35: 105-108.
Haghnia, K. 1991. Plant Salinity Resistance. Mashhad University Press: Mashhad. (In Persian).
ISTA (International Seed Testing Association). 2009. International Rules for seed testing.
Jalilian, A. and Tavakoli Afshari, R. 2004. Study of effects of osmo-priming on seed germination of sugarbeet under drought stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science. 2: 23-35. (In Persian).
Jyotsna, V. and Srivastava, A. K. 1998. Physiological basis of salt stress resistance in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajanL.). II. Pre-sowing seed soaking treatment in regulating early seedling metabolism during seed germination. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 25: 89-94.
Maestrini, C., Fontana, F. Donatelli, M. Bellocchini, G. and Poggiolini, S. 2004. A frame to model specific leaf area in sugar beet. Proceedings of the 8th ESA Congress, pp. 301-302.
Maghtoli, M. and Chaii chi, M.R. 1999. Effect of salinity and salt type on germination and early growth of sorghum. Journal of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. 4: 40-33. (In Persian).
Malekzadeh, S. 2014. Present impact on germination of seed priming treatments of Nigella sativa under water stress. Master thesis seed science and technology, University Shahrekord. (In Persian).
Masoudsinki, C. 2002. Study of physiological aspects of drought and salinity resistance in sorghum, Master thesis Agronomy, University Islamic Azad, Science and Research Branch, p. 192.
Miri, Y. and Mirjalili, S.A. 2013. Effects of salinity stress on seed germination and somephysiological traits in primary stages of growth in purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea).International journal of agronomy and plant production. 4(1): 142-146. (In Persian).
Nazarbeygi, E., Lari Yazdi, H., Naseri, R. and Soleimani, R. 2011. The effects of different
levels of salinity proline and a-, b- chlorophylls in canola. American-Eurasian Journal ofAgriculture and Environmental Science. 10(1): 70-74. (In Persian).
Omidi, H., Movahedi- Poya, F. and Movahedi- Poya, S., 2010. Effects of hormonal salicylic acid and scarification on germination characteristics and contents of proline, soluble protein and carbohydrate seedlings (Prosopis farcta L.) under saline conditions, Quarterly Scientific Research of Range and Desert Research. 18(4): 608-620. (In Persian).
Paravar, A., Omidi, H., Esanejad N. and Amirzadeh, M. 2015. Seed germination and seedling growth priming effect in improving the EP (Echinaceac prupurea) under salt stress Iranian journal of ecophysiology seeds. 1(1): 57-69. (In Persian).
Parmoon, Gh., Ebadi, A. Ghaviazm, A. and Miri, M. 2013. Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of Chamomile under salinity. Iranian Sosiaty Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences. 6: 145-164.
Rajasekaran, L.R., Stiles, A., Surette, M.A., Sturz, A.V., Blake, T.J., Caldwell, C. and Nowak, J. 2002. Stand establishment technologies for processing carrots: Effects of various temperature regimes on germination and the role of salicylates in promoting germination at low temperatures. Can journal Plant Sciences. 82: 443-450.
Soleimani, F., Ahmadvand, G. and Saadatian, B. 2012. The effect of priming on germination and seedling emergence of cotton in salinity (Gossypium hirsutum L.). 2(3): 31-43. (In Persian).
Soltani, A., Akram-Ghaderi, F. and Memar, H. 2006. The effect of priming on germination components and seedling growth of cotton seeds under drought. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources. 10: 121-128. (In Persian).
Shakirova, F.M., Shakhbutdinova, A.R., Bezrukova, M.V., Fatkhutdionova, R.A. and Fatkhutdionova,D.R. 2003. Changes in the hormonal status of wheat seed ling induced by salicylic acid and salinity. Plant Sciences. 164: 317-322.
Thornton, J.M. and Powell. A.A. 1992. Short term aerated hydration for the improvement of seed quality in Brassica oleracea L. Seed Science Research.2: 41-49.
Turan, M.A., Elkarim, A.H.A., Taban, N. and Taban, S. 2010. Effect of salt stress on growth and ion distribution and accumulation in shoot and root of maize plant. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 5: 584-588.
Valdiani, A.R., Hassanzadeh, A. and Tajbakhsh, M. 2005. Study on the effects of salt stress in germination and embryo growth stages of the four prolific and new cultivars of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Pajouhesh and Sazandegi. 66: 23-32.
Yadollahi Nooshabadi, S.J. and Sharifzade, F. 2015. Gibberellic acid priming effect on Agropyronelongatum seed germination indices under drought stress. College of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 11: 75- 82
