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Open Access Article

1 - Evaluation of pollution value of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni) in surface waters, soil and the cultivated vegetable of Pishva town
H. Kabirifard E. Sheikhi Nejad M. Masoumi

In the present study, the concentration of some heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni) were measured and defined in surface waters, soil and organs of some plants: spinach, radish, cress and mint, in the spring and summer of 1390 in the Pishva area (Varamin). Heavy metals were m More

In the present study, the concentration of some heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Ni) were measured and defined in surface waters, soil and organs of some plants: spinach, radish, cress and mint, in the spring and summer of 1390 in the Pishva area (Varamin). Heavy metals were measured in vegetables’ root, stem, leaf and their intake through consumption by human. Samplings of vegetable in five different points were accomplished. The amount of iron, zinc, lead and nickel, after chemical digestion of samples, were determined, using spectrophotometer flame atomic absorption method by 372.0, 213.9, 217.0, and 232.0 nm wavelength respectively. Four examined heavy metals in water, soil and vegetables samples in two seasons determined as 448.34±37.55, 56.68±15.53, 11.50±2.79 and 134.2±6.21 mg/kg respectively. Metals in vegetables, water and soil samples in two seasons had normal distribution and confidence level of 95%. Comparing the results with international standards for them showed that they are in acceptable range for water and soil samples in two seasons but in case of vegetables except for Zn in cress and mint roots and leave of spinach in summer which are in the acceptable range, the rest vegetable samples had heavy metal concentrations more than international levels in two seasons. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Study of influence of Arctic Oscillation (AO) Index on Siberian High Pressure and their probable impacts on precipitation in southern coastal region of Caspian Sea
T. Azizian A. Askari

In this research, to investigate the relationship between AO (Arctic Oscillation) index and Siberian high pressure and the impact of it on the amount of rainfall in seven synoptic stations that have the ability to cover the southern coasts of Caspian Sea, we used 30- ye More

In this research, to investigate the relationship between AO (Arctic Oscillation) index and Siberian high pressure and the impact of it on the amount of rainfall in seven synoptic stations that have the ability to cover the southern coasts of Caspian Sea, we used 30- year period (1976 to 2005) precipitation data of those stations using correlation and regression analyses. We also used mean sea level pressure maps to analyze synoptically some special cases of extreme rainfalls. Our obtained results showed significant correlation at 95% level between extreme rainfalls and AO indices and also between rainfall and extreme AO indices in some stations of this region at monthly, seasonal and annual scales. In this context, using multiple regression analysis, rainfall was considered as the dependent variable and features of Siberian high pressure considered as independent variables. Results of this analysis showed that there is a strong relationship between precipitation and features of Siberian high pressure for eastern stations of the region under study in January and February. This relationship was quite evident for western stations in October. In most cases, coefficient of correlation of rainfall with central pressure of Siberian high was negative and, with latitude it was positive. Multiple regression analysis between AO indices and features of Siberian high pressure showed negative relationship between central pressures in Siberian high with AO indices and positive relationship between longitude of Siberian high pressure centers and AO indices in most months of autumn and winter. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Growth of Sargassum boveanum (Fucales, Phaeophyta) under variations of temperature, photoperiod and irradiance in laboratory conditions
F. Rafiee A. Esmaieli H. Kermanshahi

Sargassum is one of the main sources of alginate, the substance with many commercial uses. The species Sargassum boveanum is an edible algae and study of effect of environmental factors on its growth is a step towards is culture. Therefore, growth of Sargassum boveanum More

Sargassum is one of the main sources of alginate, the substance with many commercial uses. The species Sargassum boveanum is an edible algae and study of effect of environmental factors on its growth is a step towards is culture. Therefore, growth of Sargassum boveanum under various temperature, irradiance and photoperiod was studied over 6 weeks under laboratory condition. The macroalgae was collected from coasts of Lengeh in June 2011. For each treatment, the algae were inoculated into 20 liters of water aquariums with diameters of 60×30×40 cm. The suspension method used for culture of algae. .The culture conducted at 4700 lux for irradiance, 25Co for temperature ,35PPT for salinity and 12:12 hour (light: dark) photoperiod. The treatments were: temperature (15, 20 and 25oC), photoperiod (12:12, 14:10 and 16:8, light: dark, respectively) and photon irradiances (4700, 5700, 6700 lux). All treatments (tanks) were carried out in triplicates. The length and weight of the thalli were measured on 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days. The results of this study showed significant differences on growth of S. boveanum between treatments. Maximum relative growth rate was obtained at 12:12 hour photoperiod (% 4/32), 25Co (% 2.68) and 4700 lux (% 4.32) that proved to be suitable for indoor culture. We recommend spring as the best season for mariculture this alga. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - A Study on parasites of Clupeonella grimmi in Caspian Sea
H. Jeddy B. Mokhayer A. Khajeh Rahimi

During this survey from February until November 2011 in four seasons (winter, spring, summer, fall), 252 speciemen of Clupeonella grimmi were sampled from Caspian Sea’s Babolsar fishing ground, in each sampling 63 fishes were examined and four species of parasite More

During this survey from February until November 2011 in four seasons (winter, spring, summer, fall), 252 speciemen of Clupeonella grimmi were sampled from Caspian Sea’s Babolsar fishing ground, in each sampling 63 fishes were examined and four species of parasite were isolated from them. Parasites found were: Larvae of Contracaecum sp. and Larvae of Anisakis sp., Bunocotyle cingulata and Pseudopentagrama symmetrica. In this survey the percentage of infection and intensity of infection of parasites found have been expressed in C. grimmi in the Caspian Sea. During one year percentages of the above mentioned parasities were: 1.6, 0.4, 26.2 and 36.9 respectively and during one year the parasitic intensity of infections were: 1.25, 1, 2.6, 10.3 respectively.P. symmetrica parasite showed high percentage of infection among other parasites and second was B. cingulata (both of the Trematoda are non-zoonusen).Contracaecum sp. and Anisakis sp. are Nematoda and zoonusen,in terms of percentage and intensity of infection, among other parasites in C. grimmi fish, they were in next rank. P. symmetrica and B. cingulata parasites were found in all four seasons of the year but Contracaecum was just found in summer and also Anisakis sp. was only fount in fall.Among seasons of the year, summer with 88.9 percent, showed most percentage and winter with 22.22 percent, showed least percentage of contamination to in C. grimmi.Most infection rate was found in the parasites of the gastrointestinal tract and after that the abdominal organs and the gonads (testis). Other organs of fish under survey such as: eyes, gill, skin, swim blader, kidney were healthy and free of parasitic contamination.In this survey, none of common protozoan parasites were found in fish, therefore according to the findings of the present study the parasites found in C. grimmi didn't severely damage the fishes health and probably only caused reduced growth and have little impact on decline in fish populations. But existence of parasites like Contracaecum sp. and Anisakis sp. inside the fish’s body, fish consumption must be with care in cooking and producing. Human feeding on fish infected with above mentioned parasites, can cause these parasites to grow in human body and can develop pathogenesis effects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Determination of quantity and investigation of BASF of heavy metals (Ni & V) in Anodonta cygnea and sediments in Anzali Lagoon
L. Salimi Sh. Jamili P. Eghtesadi Araghi A. Motalebi M. Rabbani

Anzali Lagoon is an international lagoon in North of Iran. It has specific ecosystem characteristics and is a suitable environment for aquatic animals and molluscs, therefore environmental monitoring is very important in this lagoon. On the other hands in recent year'sa More

Anzali Lagoon is an international lagoon in North of Iran. It has specific ecosystem characteristics and is a suitable environment for aquatic animals and molluscs, therefore environmental monitoring is very important in this lagoon. On the other hands in recent year'sattention to heavy metals increased. Entry of industrial sewage into aquatic environments and with consideration to bioaccumulation of heavy metals in food chain, the utilization of the polluted aquatic animals by human can bring about irrevocable hazards. The present research aimed to assess Ni, V levels, as oil pollution index, in surface sediments and bivalves (Anodonta cygnea) in 2 stations (Mahrozeh and Selkeh). Samples were collected during 2 different periods of the year, dry and rain seasons, (June & September 2009). Heavy metal (Ni, V) concentrations were determined by Atomic Absorption in Anodonta cygnea and the sediments in Anzali Lagoon. The vanadium concentration in bivalve and sediment was ND (not detected)- 0.3243 µg/g and 2.1796 -306.9603 µg/g respectively. Nickel concentration in bivalve and sediment was 0.0231-1.3351 µg/g, 0.4949-19.5326 µg/g respectively. These amounts in Anzali Lagoon were lower than those of Ni and V in aquatic ecosystems in other countries, and are not in the effect range low (ERL). Besides, the average Vanadium amount is much lower than the sediments in the similar spots, and since ERL and effect range medium (ERM) are not defined for Vanadium, there is no room for judgment. Bioaccumulation sediment factor (BASF) was low for Ni, V ( Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Study of composition and abundance of Zooplankton between Nayband Bay & Qeshm Island in Persian Gulf
M. Shapoori

Identification of zooplankton groups and their abundance was conduvted in 5 designated transects along 130 mile between Nayband Bay and Qeshm island from spring 2011 to winter 2012 .Sampling was done by pulling Bongo net of 110 micrometer mesh size obliquely from near t More

Identification of zooplankton groups and their abundance was conduvted in 5 designated transects along 130 mile between Nayband Bay and Qeshm island from spring 2011 to winter 2012 .Sampling was done by pulling Bongo net of 110 micrometer mesh size obliquely from near the sea bed to the surface . Parameters such as salinity, temperature and oxygen were also recorded. Totally, the most dominant group was Copepoda with relative density of 44%, followed by Protozoa 24% and Mollusca 17%, respectively. Maximum zooplankton density was observed in winter (average 3272.1 1927), while minimum density was in spring (average 861/3 285/3). No significant difference was found among seasons. The peak abundance was observed in winter. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Investigation effect of Zinc on some hematological and immunological indices of the farmed Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)
M. Shakoori S. Abdali H. Negarestan A. Hallajian

This study aims to elucidate the toxic impact of zinc on hematological indices of the farmed Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). In this study, after adaptation 135 fish specimens with the length of 13±1 cm and the weight of 50±10 gr were put in one More

This study aims to elucidate the toxic impact of zinc on hematological indices of the farmed Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). In this study, after adaptation 135 fish specimens with the length of 13±1 cm and the weight of 50±10 gr were put in one control treatment and 2 experimental treatments contained of 5 and 10 mg/L (Zn (no) 3)2 in 90 liter aquariums. Blood samples were taken from the caudal vein after 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Results showed that, hematocrite (Hct), hemoglobin levels (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) increased significantly (p<0/05). The number of White Blood Cell (WBC) on 5 mg/L and 10 mg/lit treatments until 72 hours decreased significantly but after 96 hours it increased significantly (P<0/05). The number of Red Blood Cells (RBC) decreased significantly until 96 hours (P<0/05). According to the results, blood parameters were sensitive factors in monitoring the toxicity and the stress caused by zinc particularly in acute concentrations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Study on concentration of heavy metal (Pb) in the gastropod Turbo coronatus in rocky shores of Kish Island
N. Sheikhvand

In this study concentration of Lead in water, sediment, hard and soft tissue of the gastropod, Turbo coronatus and algae, in winter and summer of 2011 were analyzed. There were four stations in Kish Island including the Greek ship, Arab market, seda va sima, and green t More

In this study concentration of Lead in water, sediment, hard and soft tissue of the gastropod, Turbo coronatus and algae, in winter and summer of 2011 were analyzed. There were four stations in Kish Island including the Greek ship, Arab market, seda va sima, and green tree. Samples were digested using MOOPAM protocol with atomic absorption in three replicates. The results indicated that the concentration of Lead in the four stations in soft tissue were 2/57 ppb, 2/02 ppb, hard tissue 2/28ppb, 1/10ppb, Algae 3/51ppb, 2/15ppb, sediment 2/45ppb, 1/73ppb and in Water<10ppb in winter and summer respectively. The concentrations of Lead were less than the WHO world standard. There were no significant differences between the amount of Lead in the samples of the two seasons and also among the stations. Manuscript profile

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