List of Articles siege

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  1 - Ballistic Devices in Islamic Medieval Castle Wars before Investing the Cannon
  محمد حسین فرجیهای قزوینی محمد نورمحمدی حسین بیاتلو
  During the Islamic middle ages, besiegement was considered as one of the most frequent forms of military action. In order to ruin the resistance of the castle and take down the strong fenced cities, the raiders used various tricks, techniques, tools, and devices. Using More

  During the Islamic middle ages, besiegement was considered as one of the most frequent forms of military action. In order to ruin the resistance of the castle and take down the strong fenced cities, the raiders used various tricks, techniques, tools, and devices. Using ballistic devices, especially catapults, was extremely effective and determinative at the time. This  article provides a documental description of various attack and defense functions of heavy ballistic armaments in castle wars of the Islamic period and examines  how the utilisation of these kinds of weapons as a common technique in castle wars, is affecting the outcome of military operations during this historical period. It also showed that the aim of applying these armaments, the physical and destructive operational power, was not the only thing relied on, but it was partly for their ability to spread fear and panic and as a result, pushing a kind of psychological warfare against the enemy. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Diversity and Evolution of War Projectiles During the Islamic Period
  محمد نورمحمدی حسین بیاتلو
  Throughout the history of Islam, the different ways of fightingrequired the use of various weapons. During the Islamic middle ages,most cities possessed the defensive walls. Thus, the method of siegewarfare was considered as the common way in the battles. In suchbattles More

  Throughout the history of Islam, the different ways of fightingrequired the use of various weapons. During the Islamic middle ages,most cities possessed the defensive walls. Thus, the method of siegewarfare was considered as the common way in the battles. In suchbattles, heavy launching weapons, especially catapults, were veryuseful. However, the types of projectile weapons had the greatestimpact on achieving success. In catapult projectiles the stone was usedat first, but it was developed over the time. In later periods, explosiveprojectiles were invented with a significant damage that could blowthe city's barriers. In this study, after a short review on the evolutionof catapult projectiles, we shall analyze the various types of theseprojectiles and their performance Manuscript profile
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  3 - The political and religious relations of Nizārī Ismā'īlī with the successors of Sultan Mohammad Ghiyath Al-Din Seljuqi
  Malihe Mehrabi Delshad shahrzad sasanpour masomeh gharadaghi Ramin yalfani
  In this research, the political and religious confrontation of the Seljuk with the Nizārī Ismā'īlī has been studied between 498 and 511 AH. During the above period Sultan Muhammad managed to sort out the turmoil that occurred after the death of Malekshah Re-establish po More

  In this research, the political and religious confrontation of the Seljuk with the Nizārī Ismā'īlī has been studied between 498 and 511 AH. During the above period Sultan Muhammad managed to sort out the turmoil that occurred after the death of Malekshah Re-establish political and religious concentration in the Seljuk-dominated geography. On the one hand, the Nizārī Ismā'īlī from the vacuum and turmoil that had already taken place In the direction of developing their own power, they had taken extensive measures in different regions. Therefore, the repression of Nizari was considered the most important political and religious priority of Sultan Muhammad and In this regard, all the central and local capacities were used to conquer the Ismaili Castles. However, Nizarians suffered plenty of damage during frequent attacks al-Seljuk, and lost their castles in Fars, Khuzestan and especially Esfahan, which was in this period capital of the Seljuk period.But with the influence of the Seljuk government, adopting a decentralized approach, eliminating effective political and religious people, patience and Authority against siege of Castles, and launching religious debates during the struggle they were able to survive. If there were no significant achievements of the Ismailis that included the preservation of the political, geographic, and the protection of their intellectual and vital ideas, It was likely that the very strict atrocities in this period would have led to the dismantling of Nizari's organization and structure. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Critique and analysis of five translations of the Quran (Tabari, Abu al-Futuh, Makarem, Fooladvand and Ansarian) focusing on Sur Maki
  Maryam Hoseini Hamidreza Mustafid Nafiseh Nawid
  The Qur'an is a large text with its own unique characteristics; With an eloquent and eloquent expression worthy of reflection; That is why it is the source of inspiration and extraction of the rules of rhetoric. On the other hand, since this divine book opens various pe More

  The Qur'an is a large text with its own unique characteristics; With an eloquent and eloquent expression worthy of reflection; That is why it is the source of inspiration and extraction of the rules of rhetoric. On the other hand, since this divine book opens various perspectives and horizons for them in proportion to the understanding of its audience, it is considered as a point of departure and a source of attention for interpretation in the Islamic world. Therefore, the translator and interpreter of this text must have the necessary scientific competencies and sufficient knowledge of linguistic subtleties and rhetorical sciences; And the lack of sufficient mastery over the mentioned cases and lack of knowledge of how to pronounce the words of the Qur'an and the meanings and individual and compound rules and meanings in those words, etc. will cause a defect in the correct and accurate translation and interpretation of the verses. This research, which is written in a descriptive-analytical manner (using written library tools), tries to explain the correct method of critique, relying on the subject of "exclusion and Qasr (a branch of semantics), to compare and contrast five translations of Surah Makki. Based on this analysis and analogy, let us first get a more accurate understanding of the verse in question, and in The degree of observance of the early and later translators (Tabari, Razi, Fooladvand, Makarem and Ansarian) is determined in the discussion of the siege.consideredkənˈsidərdTranslations of consideredAdjectiveFrequencyمطرح شدهconsideredبا اندیشه صحیحconsideredسنجیدهweighed, considered, thought-outبافکر باز و درستconsideredDefinitions of consideredAdjective1having been thought about carefully.I may not have time to give a considered reply to suggestionsExamples of consideredI may not have time to give a considered reply to suggestionsSynonyms of considerVerbthink aboutsize upregard astake into considerationlook atcheck out78 more synonymsSee alsoconsider Manuscript profile