List of Articles real income

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  1 - The Relationship Between Income Smoothing and Gain of Selling Capital Assets in Iran
  Zahra. Pourzamani Azita Jahanshad Faramarz Safaee
  In recent decade, the phenomenon of income smoothing is remarkably has taken in to consideration by many financial and accounting researchers and authorities. Income smoothing is indeed a conscious manner that managers will usually proceed to for achieving some concrete More

  In recent decade, the phenomenon of income smoothing is remarkably has taken in to consideration by many financial and accounting researchers and authorities. Income smoothing is indeed a conscious manner that managers will usually proceed to for achieving some concrete purposes such as job security, rewarding, capital increase of company's shareholders and facilitating the ways for forecasting the issue of profitability. There are many techniques, methodologies and instrumentations for income smoothing which are mostly studied by accounting researchers. In the current research, the relationship between two variables of income smoothing and gain of selling capital assets in Iran has been investigated. In order to study the correlation between aforesaid factors, two groups of data have been utilized, the first group is based on Library studies and the second one is financial information in respect to these research variables, extracted from financial statements of approved companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years of 1382-1387. For the purpose of testing this research hypothesis, Panel Data Analysis has been chosen. The findings of this research explicate that there is no meaningful correlation between two variables of income smoothing and gain from selling the capital assets in Iran, since then the companies managers do not make use of this technique for smoothing the income despite of existing opportunities.  Manuscript profile
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  2 - Currency Devaluation and Demands for Imports: Case of Iran (1959‐2008)
  یداله رجایی شهلا احمدی
  In this study, we investigate the long‐run relationship between demand forimports and the relevant determining factors. We use the method of leastSquares Engel Granger (1987) and Maximum Likelihood Johansen (1988) aswell as Joe Hansen and Joe Sylyvs (1990) to estimate t More

  In this study, we investigate the long‐run relationship between demand forimports and the relevant determining factors. We use the method of leastSquares Engel Granger (1987) and Maximum Likelihood Johansen (1988) aswell as Joe Hansen and Joe Sylyvs (1990) to estimate the Long‐Run ImportDemand Function.To have a better assessment of the effectiveness of trade policies; a logicalunderstanding of demand for imports is of particular importance. Our studyshows that the oil revenue, real income, and GDP evaluated at domesticprices, are positively related to demand for imports. On the other hand, therises of price of imported goods relative to the price of domestically producedgoods and currency devaluation have a negative effect on demands forimports of intermediate goods as well as consumption and capital goods. Manuscript profile