List of Articles quality indicators

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  1 - Qualitative study of surface water sources to achieve sustainable agriculture and natural resources (case study: Aras Border River)
  Milad Tabatabaei Hashemi Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi Hossein Babazadeh
  10.30495/jrnr.2023.72524.10287
  Since the agricultural sector is the main consumer of water in the country, achieving sustainable agriculture without considering environmental issues may lead to risks in the long term, therefore, the quantity and quality of surface water is so important in agriculture More

  Since the agricultural sector is the main consumer of water in the country, achieving sustainable agriculture without considering environmental issues may lead to risks in the long term, therefore, the quantity and quality of surface water is so important in agriculture. This research has investigated the Ares River catchment area with the aim of qualitative monitoring of surface water resources to achieve sustainable agriculture and natural resources. More than 100 collected samples from 9 stations of Aras River between Yaichi village in Azerbaijan and near Aras Dam from October 2017 to August 2018 have been investigated, classified, and evaluated using the Wilcox agricultural water quality index and Grapher software. The results of this research showed that the samples in Schuler's diagram were within the acceptable range but for drinking, other effective elements should also be investigated. The lowest amount of sodium absorption ratio was in June (1.40 mg/L) and the highest amount was in November (3.43 mg/L). Also, the electrical conductivity of water was the lowest value in June (840 µs/cm) and the highest value in October (1375 µs/cm). According to the Wilcox diagram, all the samples were in the qualitative range of C3S1 and they are considered saltwater. Despite the high level of salinity in the samples of this river, there was no significant difference in the qualitative trends of the stations during the investigated period for agricultural use, but the necessary measures should be taken in using these waters. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Investigating the relationships between indicators of the concept of quality in urban open spaces for spending leisure time (case study of Arak city)
  Mohammadkazem Yavari Alireza Sheakholeslami farzaneh sasanpour
  10.30495/juepd.2022.694794
  Urban open spaces have a high potential for all kinds of urban activities, including leisure time. This issue has become more important with the growth of urbanization and changes in the lifestyle of citizens. And the introduction of indicators explaining the concept of More

  Urban open spaces have a high potential for all kinds of urban activities, including leisure time. This issue has become more important with the growth of urbanization and changes in the lifestyle of citizens. And the introduction of indicators explaining the concept of quality in these spaces, and how the relationships between them can be of special importance for urban planners. The current research is a descriptive-analytical study with a quantitative-qualitative approach. In this research, considering the relationship between the quality of open spaces as a goal, and the objective indicators that explain it, as indicators of the concept of quality, a structural measurement model has been proposed. And by using confirmatory factor analysis, the relationship between the introduced indicators and their impact factor on the purpose of the research has been investigated. Based on the findings, among the 45 indicators counted in the theoretical studies, 7 indicators did not have the necessary explanatory power and were removed. And the indicators of the concept of quality reached the number of 38 indicators. In examining the relationships and how these 38 indicators affect each other, it was found that 11 of these indicators are not correlated with other indicators. Also, by examining the factor loadings calculated for the mentioned indexes, it was observed that the index "the existence of land and facilities for play and excitement for all ages" has the greatest impact on the quality of open spaces with an impact factor of 0.66. This index is one of the indicators that have independent and non-correlated performance. Also, some indicators, such as the index of "entertainment activities, sports and physical fitness" with an impact factor of 0.62, although it is not part of the eleven independent indicators, it still has a high impact factor. This issue can be explained in this way, that the importance of the eleven independent indicators is not due to having a higher impact factor, but this importance is due to their independence and non-overlapping of possible shortcomings by other indicators. Therefore, managers and urban planners should be more sensitive to their situation (independent agents).Citation:Extended AbstractIntroduction:     Urban open spaces have a high potential for all kinds of urban activities and are considered a platform for urban development. One of the important functions of urban open spaces is the issue of spending leisure time in these spaces, which has become more important in recent decades due to the rapid growth of urbanization and the revolution that has occurred in the lifestyle of citizens. It is obvious that addressing the issue of quality in urban open spaces and introducing the causes and contexts of quality in these spaces as indicators of the concept of quality, and examining relationships and how they influence and influence each other, can improve the quality of leisure time for managers and Urban planners are of special importance.Methodology:     This research is a descriptive-analytical research with a quantitative-qualitative approach that was conducted as a case study. In this research, using the theoretical foundations of research, 45 quality indicators in urban open spaces have been introduced as indicators of the concept of quality in these spaces, and their status in the studied open spaces has been evaluated in the form of a checklist. The method of evaluating and collecting data using the aforementioned checklist was the exploratory walking technique. In this way, the aforementioned indicators were evaluated in 82 examples of the open spaces of the studied city (Arak - Iran), and a score between one and ten was given to the current state of each indicator.  After completing the evaluation and data collection, considering the relationship between the quality of open spaces as a goal and the objective indicators that explain it, as indicators of the concept of quality, a structural measurement model was proposed and how the relationships between the introduced indicators and the coefficient Their impact on the purpose of the research has been investigated using confirmatory factor analysis.  Then, by examining the output data, among the 45 examined indices, the indices that did not have the necessary explanatory power were removed. Then, considering the remaining 38 indicators, a structural model was presented again to measure the correlation between these indicators and the research objective.  After confirming the fit of this model with confirmatory factor analysis and Lisrel software, the software's output charts including: standard factor loading charts, T-Value charts, and correction proposal charts or correction indices were used to answer the research question.Results and discussion:  Based on the findings, out of 45 indicators that were considered as indicators of the concept of quality in urban open spaces for spending leisure time in theoretical studies, 7 indicators did not have the necessary explanatory power.  As a result, the indicators of the concept of quality in urban redevelopment spaces reached 38 indicators. Among these 38 indicators, based on the chart "Suggestions for Lisrel Software Improvement", it was found that 11 indicators without correlation with other indicators are effective in explaining the concept of quality in urban spaces and as a result, they are more sensitive in this field.      Conclusion:      In identifying the relationships and how these 38 indicators affect each other, it was found that 11 of these indicators are not correlated with other indicators. Also, by examining the factor loading calculated for the mentioned indexes, it was observed that the index "the presence of land and facilities for play and excitement for all ages, code V20" has the greatest impact on the quality of open spaces with an impact factor of 0.66. This indicator is part of eleven indicators that have independent and non-correlated performance. Also, some indexers such as the indexer of "Entertainment, sports and physical fitness activities, code V28" with an impact factor of 0.62, although it is not an independent component of the 11 indicators, it still has a high impact factor, it can be seen from this He explained that the importance of 11 independent indicators is not due to having a higher impact factor, but this importance is due to their independence and non-overlapping of possible shortcomings by other indicators. Therefore, managers and urban planners should be more sensitive to their situation (eleven independent indicators). Manuscript profile
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  3 - Impacts of Macro-Scale Parameters on Siminehrood River Basin
  Farshid BostanManesh Sadegh Partani Rohollah Nori
  Macro scale parameters (e.g. Land use, population density, geology and erosion etc.) have been considered as macro scale indicators (MSIs) to estimate the water quality in river. The effects of MSIs on water quality variables (that here in after call as micro scale vari More

  Macro scale parameters (e.g. Land use, population density, geology and erosion etc.) have been considered as macro scale indicators (MSIs) to estimate the water quality in river. The effects of MSIs on water quality variables (that here in after call as micro scale variables / MSVs) were investigated through multivariate statistical analysis (MVA). Several MVA employed to find out, validation and verification of interaction effects in screening steep wise stages. The analysis was applied to in situ and laboratory measured data. The sampling process had been carried out on 15 stations, in three stages, in Siminehrood River. The Siminehrood River is located in north-west of Iran as one of important rivers which is terminated to Uremia Lake. MSVs includes all NSF variables. Results demonstrated the high resolution interaction between MSPs and MSVs. the results declared a dramatic relation between dry‌ farming/irrigated farming and PO4,TDS and Turbidity. Urban land use and first level erosion we considered as effective MSPs on BOD5, EC and TDS. High ranked pollution category of geological layer is detected as one of effective MSPs on PO4 and physical water quality variables. The results led the research to the MSPs estimating river water quality in comparative water quality studies in different river basins. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Evaluation of Quality Indicators of Urban Public Landscape
  Sadi Faraji Ahmad Hami Farzin Emami
  Urban landscape plays a key role in improving the quality of urban life as a part of the city's image, and if it is of good quality, it can play an important role in shaping social sustainability and urban solidarity. Nowadays, failure to observe the quality indicators More

  Urban landscape plays a key role in improving the quality of urban life as a part of the city's image, and if it is of good quality, it can play an important role in shaping social sustainability and urban solidarity. Nowadays, failure to observe the quality indicators in these areas clearly indicates the need for more attention in this field. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the existing problems and deficiencies by evaluating the quality of the regional parks in Tabriz and finally, it provides the managers and designers of the city with an appropriate and practical approach to optimize it. The method of data collection was based on library studies, documentation and designing of the questionnaire and its distribution among 300 individuals. After completing the questionnaire, descriptive and analytical methods were used to answer the research questions. Statistical tests such as Pearson and regression analysis were performed using the SPSS19 software. The results revealed that factors and sub factors received different preferences from the participants. Accessibility (Mean= 3.07, SD= 0.907) and socialization (Mean= 3.05, SD= 0.697) had the highest priority in the quality of regional parks, followed by activities, comfort and scenery, respectively. In addition, quality of environment, safety, social activities, and park facilities were people’s priorities in regional parks, respectively.  According to the obtained results, Golestan Park had the best accessibility and socialization meanwhile Shams Park received the highest preferences in term of activities and planning quality. In overall, considering accessibility, socialization, and natural environmental quality may enhance quality of regional parks in residential settings. Manuscript profile