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        1 - The Function of Time Components at the Beginning of the Fifth and Sixth Volume of Tarikh-e Beyhaqi
        Zahra Riahizamin fahimeh heidary
        Historical texts by the planning process for the expression of numerous events, are worthy for narratology investigations. The rules of narration let the historian to choose and describe an event among many events. As the narrative time is in profound connection with th More
        Historical texts by the planning process for the expression of numerous events, are worthy for narratology investigations. The rules of narration let the historian to choose and describe an event among many events. As the narrative time is in profound connection with the plot, so it  has an important role in the narrative Tactics. In this survey, in order to study the type of operation and apply the element of time on Tarikh-e Beyhaqi, the time elements Gerard Genette’s theory such as flashback and flashforward, omissions and summarization, descriptive pause and etc, has been evaluated by semiotic approach. Our results show that in Beyhaqi used the narrative time and in analysis this type of time, due to numerous encasement, a multilayer structure is created, so that we can say Tarikh-e Beyhaqi’s temporality is on a similar level with the plots. The main Characteristics of Beyhaqi’s narration in this field is extraction of semantic functions from the elements of the narrative time. In this section the narrator’s willingness and valuation is visible.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Comparative Study of the Movie "Mum's Guest" Based on Gérard Genette's Theory
        Ehsan Avani
        The story contains two main factors can be seen in all stories: the narration and the narrator and consider as the nature of each story. Gérard Genette – affected by Russian formalists – knows the story as a real form; thus he could offer an analysis More
        The story contains two main factors can be seen in all stories: the narration and the narrator and consider as the nature of each story. Gérard Genette – affected by Russian formalists – knows the story as a real form; thus he could offer an analysis for all chronicle events and narrations and found the story format and theme by applying time and changes in story lines. He introduces the theory of time in narration based on three factors: regulation, continuity and frequency; he also considers the narrative science based on the story relations and the context especially time and aspect which are combination of narrative structure and transtextuality theory – it generally is the relationship of one text in another. The credit of the movie also is emphasized in the research as one of the 5 transtextuality samples. The article studies the narration techniques from Gérard Genette' viewpoint in one hand and the movie "Mum's Guest" on the other hand as the most important applied techniques. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - The investigation and analysis of the narration time in the story of Moses (PBUH) from the perspective of Gérard Genette's theory based on the Quran
        faramarz talaei mohammad farahmand sarabi vododo valizadeh faramarz jalalat
        Abstract The narration is one of the basic and primary aspects of any storytelling in which objects, places, and static aspects of the story and characters are represented. One of the components of narration is the issue of time, which has been the focus of various narr More
        Abstract The narration is one of the basic and primary aspects of any storytelling in which objects, places, and static aspects of the story and characters are represented. One of the components of narration is the issue of time, which has been the focus of various narratologists. French structuralist Gérard Genette is one of the most prominent theorists in this field. In addition to mood and voice, he considered the time and anachronism of the narration to be the most important components of the narration of the story in order to convey the message quickly and effectively. Considering the importance of this issue in the narrations of the Holy Quran, the present research has tried to point to the narrative theory of Genette through the descriptive-analytical method as well as the narrative time of the story of Moses (PBUH), which is one of the most prominent stories in the Quran. The result of this research indicates that although more of the techniques of the anachronistic (i.e., order, duality, and frequency) are used, through retrospect in the story the dominant aspect of the anachronistic is the frequency of a repeated type, and in the duality, it has mostly been with the state of deletion or summary. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - A study of Narrative in Abutorab Khosravi’s Asfar-e-Kateban (The Book of Scribes) Through the Lens of Gérard Genette's Narrative Theory
        Mina Karami Manizheh Fallahi Ali Eskandari
        Gerard Genet, a prominent structuralist narrator, has proposed a comprehensive blueprint for narrative texts. He has proposed three aspects of narrative structure in his narrative theory including grammatical time (order, frequency, duration), dimension (distance and fo More
        Gerard Genet, a prominent structuralist narrator, has proposed a comprehensive blueprint for narrative texts. He has proposed three aspects of narrative structure in his narrative theory including grammatical time (order, frequency, duration), dimension (distance and focus) and the tone or sound (narrator in three levels: meta-narrative, narrative level and sub-narrative). This study, examines the novel Asfar Kataban, by Aboutrab Khosravi based on the theory of Genet’s narratology with a descriptive-analytical method. The results of this research indicate that the author has created temporal distortion by using the method of flashback. He has slowed down the narration of the story by eliminating and summarizing it, and has slowed down the narration by expressing a descriptive delay. Also, in critical moments, with the frequent repetition of a narration, the importance of the incident has been highlighted, and the novel has reached the meta-fiction level with the multiplicity of narrators and narrations, anachronism, the death of the author and the narrative nature of history. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - The Comparative Use of Narrative Time in the Discourse Layer in Two Narrative Works “Pelleas and Melisande” and “Zal and Rudabe” Based on Gerard Genette’s Theory
        Hanieh Amini Masoome khodadadi Mahabaad Ashraf Chegini
        Understanding the events and content of each story is closely related to the time of its narration. Genette, as the most influential theorist regarding text time in narratological criticism, facilitates the discovery of the details of narrative time. The purpose of this More
        Understanding the events and content of each story is closely related to the time of its narration. Genette, as the most influential theorist regarding text time in narratological criticism, facilitates the discovery of the details of narrative time. The purpose of this essay is to compare narrative time with an emphasis on Genette's comprehensive theory and his structuring mechanisms in the two narratives of Peléas and Mélisande and Zal and Rudabe from three perspectives: temporal order, delay and frequency, in order to analyze the general rules of narrative time and its regularities. This research, with a descriptive-analytical approach based on library studies and with an emphasis on the commonalities and differences of the application of the narrative technique of the time of narration, deals with the comparative analysis of two stories. The narrative structure of these two works, from Genette's point of view, have a different chronological order. The narrative work of Peles and Melisande has a regular linear temporality that gives strength to the dramatic aspect of the work, but in Zal and Rodabe we see the disruption of the chronological sequence of events and numerous past and future predictions. Therefore, Pelleas and Melisande, unlike Zal and Rudabe, does not have a time lapse, and its delay in the narration time in the two stories is based on staging, and the dramatic form has turned these two works into dialogue-filled texts. In addition, the frequency of single quotation in two narrations is the dominant aspect. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - A Study of Narrative Time in the Novel Frānkenštāin fī Baghdād (Frankenstein in Baghdad) based on the model of Gerard Genet
        Foad Abdollahzadeh Isa Zare Dorninani Abdolbaset Arab Yosouf Abadi Mohammad Yaghobi
        Time has the most obvious function to improve the structure of the story among the constituent elements of the story. Gerard Genet, as one of the theorists in this field, provided a clear theoretical framework for evaluating and analyzing the element of time in the stor More
        Time has the most obvious function to improve the structure of the story among the constituent elements of the story. Gerard Genet, as one of the theorists in this field, provided a clear theoretical framework for evaluating and analyzing the element of time in the story. Genet believes that in analyzing narrative time and comparing it with calendar time, three important categories such as order, continuity and frequency should be analyzed in order to extract and evaluate the most important narrative techniques used in each work of fiction. Ahmad Saadawi's novel Frānkenštāin fī Baghdād (Frankenstein in Baghdad) is a suitable novel for analysis based on the Genet model due to its great emphasis on time. Therefore, in the present study, an attempt is made to investigate the element of time in the novel "Frankenstein in Baghdad" based on the descriptive-analytical method and with the aim of discovering the salient aspects of time turbulence in post-modern novels. The results show that the widespread use of retrospectives, negative accelerations and positive accelerations, has caused irregularity and discontinuity in the narrative time of "Frankenstein in Baghdad". This sometimes confuses the reader in the story, which of course is one of the features of postmodern stories, and Ahmad Saadawi has been able to make good use of this techniques. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - Narrative Time in Vacini Al-Erj’s Novel RamadAl-sharg
        Kobra Roshanfekr fereshte azarnia
        Time is one of the basic elements in narrative dialogue and effective in technical and beauty of the structure of the text. Critics and researchers have paid special attention to it since Russian structuralism. The time in contemporary novel such as classic novel is not More
        Time is one of the basic elements in narrative dialogue and effective in technical and beauty of the structure of the text. Critics and researchers have paid special attention to it since Russian structuralism. The time in contemporary novel such as classic novel is not based on the logical continuity, but it has been oriented to deviation in temporal revolution and change in logical relation between events. So, contemporary novelists changed the time of narration.VaciniAl-Erjis one of these authors. This research tries to study the time of narration in Remad Al-Shargh novel written by an author from Algeria using descriptive analytic method and Gérard Genette’views. The novel includes two volumes entitled: "Kharif Newyork Al-Akhir" and"Al-ZaebAl-laziNabatfel Al-Barari". The present research tries to obtain feature of narratives of time in this novel and that how the author innovated in this connection. Some of the results of the research are: lack of conformity between narrative system and story system by flashback and flashforward that lead to form adistorted time in the novel; specially, the flashback is nearly a prevailing phenomenon on the novel and the narrator again reads the past events by that, in order to show that the present problems are the result of the past events. And since this novel covers a long period, so the author applies various techniques for speeding and slowing the time and makes variety and motion in temporal movement. Manuscript profile