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        1 - Investigating the social factors affecting to planning and policy-making for development of historical-cultural tourism in Iran (case study: Tabriz metropolis)
        Ali Modabber Khaknezhad Karim Hosseinzadeh Dalir Bakhtiar Ezzatpanah
        Tourism is an industry which most cultural exchanges take place, and one of its development goals, while economic growth and development is to show culture to other communities, especially through the development of historical-cultural tourism. According to imprtance of More
        Tourism is an industry which most cultural exchanges take place, and one of its development goals, while economic growth and development is to show culture to other communities, especially through the development of historical-cultural tourism. According to imprtance of subject, the present study has been written with the aim of evaluating the planning and policy-making of historical-cultural tourism development in Tabriz metropolis. The research method in the present study is applied in terms of purpose, survey in terms of implementation method and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population of the study also includes managers, officials and experts in the field of tourism of Tabriz, whose sample size is estimated based on the Delphi method of 100 people. Also, in order to analyze the data, has been used the technique of least squares in Warp-PLS software and sample t-test in SPSS software. Findings indicate that the lack of development of historical-cultural tourism in the city of Tabriz is due to inadequacies at the micro and macro levels. At the micro level, it can be attributed to the shortcomings of urban regeneration projects and at the macro level, we can point to components such as the lack of a comprehensive and systematic view, inadequate political relations, and the formation of a negative image of Iran in the public mind, and the government's tenure in the tourism sector. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Evaluation of Effective Drivers in Strategic Planning of Historical-cultural Tourism Development (A case study of Tabriz metropolis)
        Ahmad Hamzeh zadeh Bashir Beg Babaei Davood Mokhtari
        In recent years, tourism has emerged as a smoke-free industry and has become a substantial source of income for many countries in world trade. It is also an important element in improving and regulating the trade balance and balance of payments. Therefore, strategic pla More
        In recent years, tourism has emerged as a smoke-free industry and has become a substantial source of income for many countries in world trade. It is also an important element in improving and regulating the trade balance and balance of payments. Therefore, strategic planning for the development of this industry has become crucial in most countries. The purpose of this study is to identify effective drivers in the strategic planning of tourism development in Tabriz. The research method used in this study is both applied and descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study includes approximately 2000 people, which comprises managers, officials, urban experts, and academic elites of Tabriz. The sample size was estimated at 340 based on the modified Cochran model. The research data was analyzed using the partial least squares model in Warp-PLS software. The findings indicate that the most important drivers of tourism development with a focus on historical-cultural tourism are related to legal-political, economic-marketing, and managerial drives, respectively. The coefficients extracted based on the structural model of the research for each driver are 0.71, 0.65, and 0.53. Among the sub-variables, the most influential ones are related to measures such as correcting negative perceptions and eliminating Iranophobia to increase motivation for traveling to Iran, enhancing international tourism cooperation, removing barriers such as bureaucratic regulations and accommodation issues, providing proper information and advertising in target markets, building institutional interaction and trust between public and private bodies, using participation, establishing accommodation facilities that comply with international standards, and providing facilities based on the nationality and culture of tourists through an appropriate needs assessment of their preferences. Manuscript profile