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        1 - Societies in translation of “Adventures of Gil Blas” Novel
        Masrooreh Mokhtari Mahsa Kazem Poor
        “Adventures of Gil Blas” novel by Alain-René Lesage in four volumes is written in French and Mirza Habib Isfahani has translated it into Persian. Although all translators are faithful to the original text, consciously or unconsciously, may make some c More
        “Adventures of Gil Blas” novel by Alain-René Lesage in four volumes is written in French and Mirza Habib Isfahani has translated it into Persian. Although all translators are faithful to the original text, consciously or unconsciously, may make some changes in it because of their own cultural identity which these changes could be derived from translator’s social and cultural era. The present research studies societies in the abovementioned work by applying librarian references and the selected method is analytical – descriptive. The findings show that the author and thus the translator of the work, reflect many social issues such as liberty, women’s social status, leaving children’s education to experts, proposing tradition and marriage, robbery, poverty and class differences, fatalism, mourning ceremony, local games and etc. in this work. The mentioned elements in the work show that literature is not solely scene for verbal beauties. Literature is the language of each society and represents the dominant mood of that time and reflects believes, thoughts and ideologies of the author. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Analysis of critical allegories in the story of "Ganeh Ganehai Zard" with political issues and social effects in order to enlighten the audience
        Maryam Alizadeh Kamran Pashaei Fakhri Parvane Adelzade
        Critical fiction is one of the most obvious fields in which social issues and problems are well represented. In some social periods, writers could not easily express their opinions due to the political suffocation of the society, they used indirect methods of expression More
        Critical fiction is one of the most obvious fields in which social issues and problems are well represented. In some social periods, writers could not easily express their opinions due to the political suffocation of the society, they used indirect methods of expression such as critical allegories to express their opinions, thoughts and criticisms. Since the examination of critical parables is necessary to show thoughts and criticisms of the political, social and historical situation of the society in order to enlighten the audience, the purpose of the research is to examine the actions and critical allegorical behaviors in the story of "Ganeh Ganehai Zard" with a political approach and social influences in order to enlighten the audience. In this article, we intend to mention some examples based on political, historical and social allegory from the text of the story and examine the social harm caused by it and answer the question that; What is the effect of critical allegorical actions and behaviors with a political, social and historical approach in the story of "Ganeh Ganehai Zard" in the direction of enlightening the audience? The data collection method of this research was done in a library manner and has a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the research show that the author has portrayed the political and social effects of dictatorial, dictatorial and colonial actions and behaviors and the resulting social harms to enlighten the audience with critical parables. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Investigation of the Status of critical thinking in storical Literature of reading textbooks in elementary period
        halime mesri edris islami kamal afani
        The aim of this research is investigation of critical thinking position in fiction literature of reading textbooks in Elementary course. To achieve this goal, content analysis method has been used. The results show in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the first More
        The aim of this research is investigation of critical thinking position in fiction literature of reading textbooks in Elementary course. To achieve this goal, content analysis method has been used. The results show in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the first elementary grade no reference has been made to the components of critical thinking, in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the second elementary grade, the most frequent components of the art of thinking about their thinking and the correct judgment (based on the criterion), in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the third elementary grade, the most frequent components of curiosity of thought and correct judgment (based on criterion), in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the fourth elementary grade, the most frequent component of curiosity of thought, in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the fifth elementary grade, the most frequent components of defining and clarifying the problem and in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the sixth elementary grade, the most frequent components of reasoning and correct judgment (based on criterion) have been belonged. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Investigating the Components of Women's Personality in the Works of Mostafa Mastour
        mahmoud sadeghzadeh Elahe Mohseni
        In this research it is attempted to evaluate modern women identities in Mostafa Mostoor effects. With important women identity introduction in Mostoor stories and fiction, the view points of this writer is described about women. Therefore to better understand identities More
        In this research it is attempted to evaluate modern women identities in Mostafa Mostoor effects. With important women identity introduction in Mostoor stories and fiction, the view points of this writer is described about women. Therefore to better understand identities, identity is defined in first chapters and various types of identities are in traduced. During basic chapters, women introduction is provided based on publication year and categorization is done according to coordinates in Mastoor work. Based on chapter statistical findings, woman identity growth in fiction literature and active presence in modern choices are the most important writing result of Mastoor. He created various small and great identities that have simple life without margins but performing analysis, we can point to their complex identities and natures. Al though Mastoor is Muslim and originated from eastern culture in environment with long term wars but he described women and their coordinates as he faces to an world women. Studding first story of his fictions, we can achieve to this result. Comparing to the society that men are dominant, he described women without a thention to enforced ideas by family and med and used letters, thought and reactions for them. The infra feminist view point if Mastoor about women is defined by simple prose and poets in special writing literature of Mastoor that is new narrative of women presence in society. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - A Study of the manifestations of metamorphosis in Gholam Hossein Sa'edi’s Works with respect to Gérard Genette's Theory of Hypertextuality
        elahe feizimoghadam Mohammad Aref Mohammadreza Sharifzadeh
        The purpose of this article is the hypertextuality study of manifestations of metamorphosis in Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi's works according to Gérard Genette's theory of hypertextuality. This theory is one of the five types of Genette's theory of transtextuality which More
        The purpose of this article is the hypertextuality study of manifestations of metamorphosis in Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi's works according to Gérard Genette's theory of hypertextuality. This theory is one of the five types of Genette's theory of transtextuality which concentrates on inspiration, derivation and effectiveness of the hypotext on the hypertext. Besides, this theory includes two basic types, imitation and transformation. Metamorphosis is considered as one of the most remarkable elements in myths, folk tales, and legends. Based on this process, unexpected and gradual changes demonstrate themselves in the appearance and sometimes in the conscience of the creatures and they transform from one form to another while displaying different performances. Moreover, sometimes they can appear in the combined structure of humans, animals, plants, and objects. Literature is the origin of presence of these manifestations and they have had mutual effects on each other over the time. The mutual impressiveness and effectiveness provide an opportunity to study them with respect to the theory of hypertextuality especially by considering contemporary literatute as the target resources which fewer researchers have focused on it. The results of the study demonstrate that the manifestations of the metamorphosis exist in thirteen stories, one novel, six plays, and three screenplays written by Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi. In this article, based on the descriptive-analytical method, these manifestations were classified and determined in three different groups and then they were studied based on a qualitative content analysis. At the end, impressiveness of these manifistations in Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi's works from ancient literature and folk tales has been studied according to the hypertextuality theoretical framework. The results represent that Gholam-Hossein Sa'edi sometimes has used these manifestations with direct and indirect influence of ancient and religious narratives and folk tales (hypotext) in his works (hypertext), however, in most of the time, he has used his creativity and imagination to make these manifestations in favor of progress of the story. Manuscript profile