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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Analysis of Progress Discourse in Ebrahim Beg's Itinerary by Zeyn al-Abedin Maraghei
        Arezoo Balali Afsane Edrisi Esmael Alizad Mozaferedin Shahbazi
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The sociological analysis of woman's image in the poems of Malek al-Shara'i Bahar and Seyyed Ashrafdin Gilani
        Reza Musabadi Mahdi Novrooz Batool Fakhreslam
        The woman and its role in the community is one of the issues that has always been considered in the poetic and prose works of Persian literature and has become a worthy place; But the woman in Persian classical literature does not have much positive and worthy face; Bec More
        The woman and its role in the community is one of the issues that has always been considered in the poetic and prose works of Persian literature and has become a worthy place; But the woman in Persian classical literature does not have much positive and worthy face; Because among the poems of the classical poets, the woman's identity is confused and dark and the negative views on her are shadowed by the woman. Since the Constitutional Revolution and with the brief acquaintance of Iranians with Western culture and modern thoughts, the role and identity of women as one of the most important social activists in constitutional poetry has been taken into consideration. This research is to investigate and compare the manifestation of woman's image in the poems of Malek al-Shaara Bahar and Nasim shomal in the Constitutional Revolution, using descriptive-analytical method. One of the most important findings of this research is that the attitude of poets towards women's image has changed in Constitutionalist poetry; For the first time, the themes of this period are related to women's legal and social issues, and women are excluded from absolute love and their rationality, personality, and humanity are explained and analyzed. Both poets also believe in the achievement of women's knowledge, individual rights, and modern teachings; But in terms of freedom of coverage and the issue of hijab, the Spring discovers a veil of freedom from ignorance, while the Nasim shomal requires hijab for the presence of women in the community. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - A Comparative Study of the Concepts of Homeland in Constitutional Literature with Emphasis on the Works of Seyed Ashrafuddin Gilani and the sacred Defense Literature of Kaiser Aminpour
        mandana alimi Masoud Pakdel
        constitutional literature with emphasis on Seyed Ashrafuddin Gilani and sacred defense literature with emphasis on Kaiser Aminpour. Constitutional literature, with regards to the individual and social worldview and the atmosphere of their historical period, each used fr More
        constitutional literature with emphasis on Seyed Ashrafuddin Gilani and sacred defense literature with emphasis on Kaiser Aminpour. Constitutional literature, with regards to the individual and social worldview and the atmosphere of their historical period, each used from the concept of homeland in their poetry. Homeland has many concepts in constitutional literature. All poets of this period has emphasized on patriotism, fighting against tyranny and colonialism, homeland development, nostalgic look at Iran before Islam in their poetry. The concept of Islamic homeland is also found in the poems of some poets. In the literature of sacred defense, Climatic Homeland, human homeland, Islamic homeland and patriotism, can be seen in the works of the most of the poets of this period, especially in Kaiser Aminpour works. For the realization of this research, we first referred to sources that were about the homeland. In this context, these two concepts have been examined both in classical literature and in the present age literature for a detailed understanding. In the meantime, as these two are a part of social categories, the sociology of literature and especially the sociology of Persian literature were studied separately. On the other hand, constitutional and sacred defense literature are intimately linked to the actions, reactions, events, and changes of their age and they come from historical periods. Therefore, in order to better understand these two literatures, we studied the Constitutional Revolution and the Islamic Revolution and the cause of them and the quality of their process. Manuscript profile