This research makes use of two different approaches to compress medical images for long-term purposes. In the first method, images are compressed using the Huffman cipher and then simplified using a hierarchical modeling based on a neural network-designed categorization More
This research makes use of two different approaches to compress medical images for long-term purposes. In the first method, images are compressed using the Huffman cipher and then simplified using a hierarchical modeling based on a neural network-designed categorization. A prediction strategy based on deep neural network training is employed in the second method. This technique uses a trained neural network to infer the locations of individual pixels, hence reducing the amount of data required to describe a picture. Huffman compression encryption is used on the leftover data. An enhanced spatial filtering technique is used to decode the picture data, and the wild horse optimization and gray wolf optimization meta-heuristic algorithms are then used to produce a rebuilt image. Without compromising compression efficiency, this allows for a more realistic application of the suggested solutions in non-deterministic contexts. The suggested approaches allow for picture simplification, which has resulted in faster decoding. Structural similarity index modulation, time and peak signal-to-noise ratio have been improved by an average of 2, 30.1 and 15.15%, respectively. The suggested algorithms were able to compress medical photos with very high quality level, as compared to the current deep learning-based methods.
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This article discusses one of the etiquette of e-commerce law and Islamic jurisprudence on consumer protection in online cyberspace. Although the subject of cybercrime was not discussed in the jurisprudence, but the whole of consumer protection was raised in jurispruden More
This article discusses one of the etiquette of e-commerce law and Islamic jurisprudence on consumer protection in online cyberspace. Although the subject of cybercrime was not discussed in the jurisprudence, but the whole of consumer protection was raised in jurisprudential issues, and the verses, narrations and perspectives of the jurisprudents were introduced in this regard, which is that by spatial planning and judgment of the provisions of the teachings Jurisprudence and its implementation with the law of law can be used in this regard to obtain a jurisprudential ruling. The legislator in the e-commerce law, with the design of two issues, has the right to cancel, and the other, the possibility of applying for termination of bail, to protect the consumer in electronic transactions, which in this article deals only with the issue of withdrawal, the result of The study found that the right to withdraw from e-cigarettes is not a parliamentary term and is an independent element in the termination of the deal in cyberspace. This right is accepted by jurisprudence and is considered as an excuse.
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In this review article, we aim to describe recent advances in compressive sensing-based data aggregation techniques in wireless sensor networks, including current research efforts, challenges, and research trends. Sparse and compressible signals are present in many appl More
In this review article, we aim to describe recent advances in compressive sensing-based data aggregation techniques in wireless sensor networks, including current research efforts, challenges, and research trends. Sparse and compressible signals are present in many applications of sensor networks, such as environmental monitoring and vehicle surveillance. Compressive sensing has many properties such as simplicity of sensing and compression operations, universality, and an acceptable decrease in the quality of signal reconstruction, which makes it attractive for use in sensor networks. Packet drops do not damage the network as much as other protocols, and only for each measurement that does not reach the sink will cause a slight decrease in the quality of signal reconstruction. We begin the discussion with a brief introduction to compressive sensing theory and then describe the use of this technique in wireless sensor networks. Finally, the research issues and challenges ahead are discussed to provide a perspective for future research
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Here we present a correction domain pond design for fractal image compression. The plan modifies the domain pool for each block of the board, based on the position of that board. So a more efficient and smaller domain library is created for each page. This method reduce More
Here we present a correction domain pond design for fractal image compression. The plan modifies the domain pool for each block of the board, based on the position of that board. So a more efficient and smaller domain library is created for each page. This method reduces the computational load and reduces the bits required to store the domain position. The results of various experiments on standard images show that this method has a much lower degree of distortion and a much lower computational load.
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Here, to improve the quality of the reconstructed image, a kind of fractal compression method is proposed, which is based on block classification and quadratic tree segmentation. First, the image is divided by an adaptive quadruple tree method. Sub-blocks are then class More
Here, to improve the quality of the reconstructed image, a kind of fractal compression method is proposed, which is based on block classification and quadratic tree segmentation. First, the image is divided by an adaptive quadruple tree method. Sub-blocks are then classified at each level. Experimental results show that the image reconstructed and amplified by this method has a higher peak-to-peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and a better visual effect than the adaptive quadratic splitting method, while the compression ratio Has also increased.
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Due to the rapid growth of information technology and exponential increasing of information the need for more and more storage capacity and efficiency has increased. Image compression is an important tool to reduce the redundancy of images data in order to be able to st More
Due to the rapid growth of information technology and exponential increasing of information the need for more and more storage capacity and efficiency has increased. Image compression is an important tool to reduce the redundancy of images data in order to be able to store or transmit them in an efficient manner. When images are limited to a specific and limited family of images like MRI databases of a hospital or facial image database of a university or an organization or fingerprint image databases, this limitation increases the total spatial redundancy. Thus, efficient storage of such images is beneficial, and their compression becomes an appealing application, and this urges algorithms specially tailored for the task of content base image compression to surpass general purpose compression algorithms. The facial images, due to their wide application as the most common images in the organizations and companies are more considerable for image compression. In this paper a new image compression scheme using sparse coding and RLS-DLA redundant dictionary learning is proposed that can be used for compressing of face image databases. In the proposed method, several dictionaries are exploited adaptively based on the required image quality to enhance the overall rate-distortion. The simulation results show that this scheme outperforms the state-of-art algorithms like JPEG2000 by about 0.5 to 1.2 dB for reconstructed images PSNR.
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In Good resolution is one of the criteria for measuring the performance of a radar system and it can be achieved with low Band- width. The radar rang depends on the energy it sends. With using pulse compression techniques, the energy of a wide pulse and resolution More
In Good resolution is one of the criteria for measuring the performance of a radar system and it can be achieved with low Band- width. The radar rang depends on the energy it sends. With using pulse compression techniques, the energy of a wide pulse and resolution in the range corresponding to a narrow pulse can be simulatuesly held. The basis of the pulse compression radar is on the matched filter and Autocorrelation function. In the radar, the return echo of the target is actually a delayed time prescription or Doppler shifted signal transmit. The matched filter correlates between received signal and the version of the sending code. The matched filter output in addition to having a main lobe, also includes a sequence of side lobes. These sidelobes cause to increase the probability of false alarm or masking the small target, beside large targets with high sidelobe level. Mismatched filters using weighting function for reduction the level of the sidelobes, with increase the length of filter. In this paper suggests a parallel structure that added advantage of matched filter and mismatched filter simulatuesly.
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In this paper, a compression-to-tensile load converter device is developed to determine the anisotropic tensile strength of brittle material. A cubic sample with an internal pore was used as the test specimen, and a series of finite element analysis and DDM simulations More
In this paper, a compression-to-tensile load converter device is developed to determine the anisotropic tensile strength of brittle material. A cubic sample with an internal pore was used as the test specimen, and a series of finite element analysis and DDM simulations were performed thereafter to analyse the effect of pore dimensions on the stress concentration, as well as to render a suitable criterion for determining the anisotropic tensile strength of concrete. The results obtained by this device show that the tensile strength of concrete is similar in different directions because of the homogeneity of bonding between the materials.
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Due to the ever-increasing human need for drinking water and limitation of available drinking water resources, we always need to use salty waters of the seas and oceans for converting into purified drinking water. In the article, a variety of water treatment processes i More
Due to the ever-increasing human need for drinking water and limitation of available drinking water resources, we always need to use salty waters of the seas and oceans for converting into purified drinking water. In the article, a variety of water treatment processes is reviewed and applied. In all the processes, energy must be used for the preparation of purified water. Since the resources for available energy are also limited, the researchers always attempt to identify the best method for water purification in terms of cost, energy consumption and the other items. Also, with thermo-economic analysis, they cause the cost of drinking water is minimized. Among a variety of Multi Effect Desalination methods, Multi Effect Desalination with Parallel Feed along with Steam Ejector is analyzed thermo-economically. Moreover, the conditions are investigated in that we can have less cost for purified water. Finally, we will observe that in Multi Effect Desalination methods, Steam Ejector reduces the cost up to 60%. In Multi Effect Desalination refineries, even if the temperature of salt water in the first stage is 70°-80°, Steam Ejector will cause to produce most purified water.
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Metal tubes are widely used in various forms in engineering structures. Local deformation of the tube is required due to design considerations or the tube's location in the machine or structure to facilitate its installation. This paper investigates the process of local More
Metal tubes are widely used in various forms in engineering structures. Local deformation of the tube is required due to design considerations or the tube's location in the machine or structure to facilitate its installation. This paper investigates the process of locally laterally compressing aluminum tubes using experimental and numerical simulation methods. The tube is positioned horizontally on the fixed lower die and is subjected to compressive load by the upper die, which is connected to the movable ram of the press machine, resulting in plastic deformation. Both upper and lower dies are semi-cylindrical with equal radii, and their axes are perpendicular to the tube's axis. For the experimental and numerical analysis, two types of aluminum 6061-T6 tubes with the same outer diameter but different inner diameters were chosen, and three similar samples were created for each type. The true stress behavior, based on the true strain of the aluminum material, was determined from a simple tensile test. Subsequently, the geometric dimensions of the deformed area of the tubes were measured for various press strokes. The geometric shape of the deformation zone and the experimental forming load data were compared with the simulation results obtained using ABAQUS software. A comparison between the results from the two experimental and simulation methods demonstrated good agreement.
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Videos are made up of a temporal sequence of frames and are projected at a proper rate to create the illusion of motion. This means that there exists a high correlation between adjacent temporal frames so that when projected at a proper rate, smooth motion is seen. Corr More
Videos are made up of a temporal sequence of frames and are projected at a proper rate to create the illusion of motion. This means that there exists a high correlation between adjacent temporal frames so that when projected at a proper rate, smooth motion is seen. Correlation between adjacent temporal frames is called interframe correlation. In order to decode compressed video bit stream uniformly by various platforms and devices, the bit stream format must be predefined. Thus, there must be a standard for a video compressor, which will enable all standard-compliant compressed video data to be decoded anywhere. The goal is to propose a new video compression algorithm based on wavelet transform and neural networks. Using wavelet transform leads to factorization in temporal as well as spatial domain. The goal in this paper is to achieve a compression algorithm which would be faster and has more compression ratio. Neural networks are used for prediction which is one of the most important functions in any video compression scheme. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is compared with MPEG standard. Simulation results show the befits of using wavelet transform which reveal that the proposed algorithm is faster and has better performance in some aspects compared to MPEG standard. The video which obtained from proposed algorithm has acceptable in human visual and since it needs less than space for storing, it is suitable for portable devices.
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In this paper we propose a new approach in the wavelet domain for image denoising. In recent researches wavelet transform has introduced a time-Frequency transform for computing wavelet coefficient and eliminating noise. Some coefficients have effected smaller than the More
In this paper we propose a new approach in the wavelet domain for image denoising. In recent researches wavelet transform has introduced a time-Frequency transform for computing wavelet coefficient and eliminating noise. Some coefficients have effected smaller than the other's from noise, so they can be use reconstruct images with other subbands. We have developed Approximation image to estimate better denoised image. Naturally noiseless subimage introduced image with lower noise. Beside denoising we obtain a bigger compression rate. Increasing image contrast is another advantage of this method. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach compares favorably to more typical methods of denoising and compression in wavelet domain.100 images of LIVE Dataset were tested, comparing signal to noise ratios (SNR),soft thresholding was %1.12 better than hard thresholding, POAC was %1.94 better than soft thresholding and POAC with wavelet packet was %1.48 better than POAC.
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Watermarking is used to protect copyright proof. Robustness index is the most important parameter that evaluates watermarking algorithm against different attacks such as noise and compression. In this paper, a novel semi- blind image watermarking algorithm based on join More
Watermarking is used to protect copyright proof. Robustness index is the most important parameter that evaluates watermarking algorithm against different attacks such as noise and compression. In this paper, a novel semi- blind image watermarking algorithm based on joint wavelet transform (WT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) transform is proposed. In this algorithm, a new strategy is used to joint WT and SVD effectively. The most important advantage of this algorithm is robustness against a number of common attacks. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm improves evaluation parameters more than other methods presented previously in the literature.
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This paper aims at applying H.264 in medical video compression applications and improving the H.264 Compression performance with better perceptual quality and low coding complexity. In order to achieve higher compression of medical video, while maintaining high image qu More
This paper aims at applying H.264 in medical video compression applications and improving the H.264 Compression performance with better perceptual quality and low coding complexity. In order to achieve higher compression of medical video, while maintaining high image quality in the region of interest, with low coding complexity, here we propose a new model using H.264/AVC that uses lossless compression in the region of interest, and very high rate, lossy compression in other regions. This paper proposes a new method to achieve fast intra and inter prediction mode decision that is based on coarse macroblocks for intra and inter prediction mode decision of the background region and finer macroblocks for region of interest. Also the macroblocks of the background region are encoded with the maximum quantization parameter allowed by H.264/AVC in order to maximize the number of null coefficients. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a higher compression rate on medical videos with a higher quality of region of interest with low coding complexity when compared to our previous algorithm and other standard algorithms reported in the literature.
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Light weight construction is one of modern topics in civil engineering, the topic of reducing weight of structure is achiev by use of new technique and optimization of construction procedure. Consideration to wide use of concrete and enviromental pollu More
Light weight construction is one of modern topics in civil engineering, the topic of reducing weight of structure is achiev by use of new technique and optimization of construction procedure. Consideration to wide use of concrete and enviromental pollution to the reason of using cement, investigators are trying to replace a part of cement by natural and artifitial pozzolan and nano particle materials. In this study the use of natural pozzolan zeolite with different percents 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 investigated and longterm and short term effects on the compression and tensile strenght on semi light weight concrete at the age 3, 56, 90 days were studied and compared with control specimen. Result shows that 5% and 10% replacement of zeolite improve compression strength at the age of 3, 90 days, and for age of 56 days most improvement is related to 15% replacement by zeolite.
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Abstract Establishment of human settlements and modality it is distributed at the surface of the land will be the combined power of the region. On the other hand, the pattern of urban and rural settlements in the context of areas with each other can express the concepts More
Abstract Establishment of human settlements and modality it is distributed at the surface of the land will be the combined power of the region. On the other hand, the pattern of urban and rural settlements in the context of areas with each other can express the concepts of territorial convergence and divergence. These concepts together form the spatial organization of cities, and on the other hand, they will also help to understand the hierarchy of these settlements. The present study was conducted with the aim of spatial analysis and studying the hierarchical system of cities in Mazandaran province. This research is an applied extension research. Because, while developing the study frameworks, it provides the necessary background for future analysis and the research methodology is descriptive-analytic. In this paper, the trend of distribution of urban population of the province in the 1987-2017 census was investigated by applying models such as rank-size, Lorenz curve, condensation coefficient, entropy coefficient, primacy city index and hierarchical profile. According to the findings of the research, the distribution of urban population of the province in the different classes is relatively balanced, although the share of Sari, Babol, Amol and Qaemshahr is higher than other cities, but cities with a population of less than a number are more numerous and the dominance of Sari city in the hierarchy system The provincial city network is negligible
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In the present study, Al-4 vol .% SiC composites were produced by mechanical alloying and the correspondence of the creep results were obtained from different methods (the advantages of lower time of test). The coefficient between impression and compression creep rate f More
In the present study, Al-4 vol .% SiC composites were produced by mechanical alloying and the correspondence of the creep results were obtained from different methods (the advantages of lower time of test). The coefficient between impression and compression creep rate for stresses of 30 and 32.5 MPa and 35 MPa and impression stresses of three times of compression stresses (90, 97 and 111 MPa) were constant (2.5) in different microstructures. This constant coefficient showed that the condition of composite production was similar to the steady state condition of mechanical alloying process and has been proved with composite microstructure. According to the relaxation results, the different nano SiC distribution and the porosities lead to the variations in the steady state relaxation rate and the relaxation rate decrease with time was due to the work hardening mechanism. Also the high amount of coefficient showed that the effect of porosity was more than nano SiC in impression and relaxation rate increase.
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امروزه ساخت نانوکامپوزیتها، برای دستیابی به موادی با خواص ترکیبی و بهبود خاصیت مواد، بسیار مورد توجه محققان قرار گرفته است. یکی از بهترین روشهای ساخت نانوکامپوزیتها استفاده از روش متالورژی پودر است. زیرا با این روش علاوه بر اینکه ضایعات به حداقل میرسند میتوان مواد More
امروزه ساخت نانوکامپوزیتها، برای دستیابی به موادی با خواص ترکیبی و بهبود خاصیت مواد، بسیار مورد توجه محققان قرار گرفته است. یکی از بهترین روشهای ساخت نانوکامپوزیتها استفاده از روش متالورژی پودر است. زیرا با این روش علاوه بر اینکه ضایعات به حداقل میرسند میتوان موادی را که دارای نقطهی ذوب بالا هستند با مواد دارای نقطهی ذوب پایین ترکیب نمود که این کار با روش ریختهگری بسیار دشوار خواهد بود. در این تحقیق آلیاژ تیتانیوم برای بهبود خواص مکانیکی با تقویتکنندهی کاربید سیلیسیم ترکیب شده است. از آنجا که پودر تقویتکنندهی کاربید سیلیسیم در مقیاس نانو می باشد، این دو ماده با هم تشکیل یک نانو کامپوزیت میدهند. روش متالورژی پودر بهترین راه برای ترکیب این دو ماده با هم می باشد. در این تحقیق برای تولید این نانو کامپوزیت، از روش فشردن استاتیکی(دستگاه پرس سرد) استفاده شده است. برای مقایسه، سه درصد مختلف تقویت کنندهی نانوپودر کاربید سیلیسیم و همچنین، سه فشار پرس مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. همچنین، آزمایشهای چگالی، مشاهده مرزبندی دانهها توسط میکروسکوپ الکترونی رویشی، تست فشار و آزمایش سختی روی آنها انجام گرفت.
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کامپوزیت های آلومینا/آلومینیم به دلیل چگالی پایین و استحکام مکانیکی خوب در صنایعی چون خودروسازی و هوافضا کاربرد دارند. در این پژوهش، اثر همزن مکانیکی در دمای دو فازی مایع- جامد و تزریق ذرات آلومینا با گاز خنثی (آرگون) بر ریزساختار و خواص مکانیکی آلیاژ Al-A356 مورد بررسی More
کامپوزیت های آلومینا/آلومینیم به دلیل چگالی پایین و استحکام مکانیکی خوب در صنایعی چون خودروسازی و هوافضا کاربرد دارند. در این پژوهش، اثر همزن مکانیکی در دمای دو فازی مایع- جامد و تزریق ذرات آلومینا با گاز خنثی (آرگون) بر ریزساختار و خواص مکانیکی آلیاژ Al-A356 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به­منظور دستیابی به بهبود ترشوندگی و توزیع ذرات آلومینا در زمینه، عملیات حرارتی ذرات در دمای 1100 درجه سانتی­گراد به مدت 20 دقیقه قبل از تزریق به دوغاب انجام شد. در این تحقیق، روش کامپوکستینگ جهت تولید کامپوزیت زمینه آلومینیمی تقویت­شده با میکروذرات آلومینا استفاده شد. به منظور ارزیابی خواص مکانیکی آزمون­های سختی، فشار و ضربه انجام شد. نتایج مکانیکی نشان داد که همزدن دوغاب و افزودن ذرات آلومینا موجب بهبود سختی، استحکام فشاری و انرژی ضربه می­شود. بهترین خواص مکانیکی با استفاده از ذرات آلومینا و فرآیند کامپوکستینگ بدست آمد. در نهایت مقادیر سختی، استحکام فشاری و انرژی شکست نمونه حاصل از فرآیند کامپوکستینگ نسبت به نمونه حاصل از ریخته­گری ثقلی به ترتیب 37، 231 و 51 درصد افزایش یافت
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Sarcocystis infection is one of the most common protozoan infections between humans and animals that is caused by different species of Sarcocystis. The parasite is pathogenic to animals, including cattle and sheep, and also causes gastrointestinal symptoms in humans. Du More
Sarcocystis infection is one of the most common protozoan infections between humans and animals that is caused by different species of Sarcocystis. The parasite is pathogenic to animals, including cattle and sheep, and also causes gastrointestinal symptoms in humans. Due to the health importance of this parasite, in this study, the rate of infection with macroscopic and microscopic sarcocystis cysts in cows slaughtered in Kermanshah slaughterhouse was investigated.In this study, 100 carcasses of cows were randomly selected and samples of esophagus, diaphragm, heart and tongue were prepared and examined. . The samples were examined by direct observation (macroscopic) and compression smear (Impression smear), which are diagnostic methods in animal tissues. The basis for the diagnosis of microscopic cysts was the preparation of pressure spread of the samples and then staining them with Giemsa dye and microscopic observation of parasitic bradyzoites.No macroscopic cysts were observed in the direct observation method. However, in the compression expansion method, 100% of the studied cows were positive for microscopic cysts. There was also a significant difference between the amount of infection in different muscles.All of the studied cows were infected with the parasite Sarcocystis, and the heart was identified as the most infected tissue.The present study shows that the compression propagation method, which is a simple, inexpensive and rapid method, has an acceptable sensitivity for detecting microscopic sarcocystis cysts.
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