List of Articles civic institutions Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 1 - The effect of heterogeneous social structure on the inefficiency and instability of parties in the second Pahlavi period Aliakbar Mohammadialamuti sina foroozeh Gholam hossein zargarinezhad Open Access Article Abstract Page Full-Text 2 - Extra-legal role of parties in the Iranian political system with a comparative study ahmad sajedi rohollah rahimi hosein alaee khadijeh karimi esfehani 10.30495/psq.2021.1926155.2022