List of Articles average temperature

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  1 - Analysis of trends in temperature parameters in Iran
  مرتضی میری mojtaba rahimi
  Abstract Today, climate change and its anomalies, one of the important issues raised in the world. Detection of changes on temperature and precipitation as the most important climatic elements, is used as primary evidence of climate change in many parts of the world. T More

  Abstract Today, climate change and its anomalies, one of the important issues raised in the world. Detection of changes on temperature and precipitation as the most important climatic elements, is used as primary evidence of climate change in many parts of the world. This paper investigates the temperature trend of Iran of annual, monthly and seasonal scales. For this purpose minimum, average and maximum temperature data of 38 synoptic stations, over the period of 50 years (1960-2010) with good distribution, were obtained from Iran meteorological organization.  Then the temperature trend parameters were investigated (studied) by Mann Kendall nonparametric test. The results showed that the general temperature trend is increased in most of the stations for different time scales; however this intensity of increase decreases from the minimum to maximum temperature. On monthly, in June and July, and on seasonal, in summer, the increase of temperatures are higher than other time. Although the most frequency positive trend of the maximum and average temperature observed in the winter, but for a few of the stations was significant. While in warm seasons especially in the summer, the frequency of station with positive significantly trend is higher. In terms of spatial, the stations that located in the Alborz Mountains, South West and South East of IRAN have experienced higher temperatures than other areas of the country and in some station such as SHAREKORD, URIMA, KHORRAMABABD AND BANDAR ABASS trend of temperature in different scale is mostly decreasing.   Manuscript profile
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  2 - Estimation of evaporation from Dez regulatory dam station pan using artificial neural network
  mehdi najafvand derikvandi hossein eslami
  More rainfall in arid and semi-arid just evaporate into the atmosphere and so estimates the amount of water vapor in the water cycle will be important. Evaporation is dependent on various parameters and to its estimate needs for a different climate variables and the int More

  More rainfall in arid and semi-arid just evaporate into the atmosphere and so estimates the amount of water vapor in the water cycle will be important. Evaporation is dependent on various parameters and to its estimate needs for a different climate variables and the interaction of these variables is very complex, so it must be accurate methods to be used in the evaporation study. In this study, artificial neural networks were used to estimate the pan evaporation of Dez regulating dam station. As ANN hyperbolic tangent function and the learning momentum was used. Multilayer Perceptron structure which used a network of six input neurons, three hidden layer and an output neuron was formed. Input layers include maximum temperature, minimum temperature, sunshine hours, average wind speed, relative humidity and an average rate of evaporation from water surface to the output layer. The relationship between climatic factors showed that the average temperature on the surface evaporation caused more than sunshine and wind speed. High coefficient of determination (92/0) between the actual data with simulated data with artificial neural network plus a small error (RMSE = 1.41) showed that the estimate accuracy is very high. Verification by t-test revealed no significant (P> 0.01) differences were between actual and estimated values. Manuscript profile