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  1 - Evaluating the Effects of Environmental Hazards on Parthian Pithos Cemeteries in Marivan, Iran: A Case Study of the Zardouyan Cemetery
  Mohammad Masoumian Ziad Ahmad Ahmad Ganjaeian Janoscha Kreppner Ali Behnia Nader Kasraei
  10.30495/peb.2022.699639
  Due to its many pithos burial cemeteries, the Marivan region in Iran is very important for archaeological studies of the historical periods. In their studies on the pithos burial cemeteries in Marivan, the authors noticed that this region is encountering a wide range of More

  Due to its many pithos burial cemeteries, the Marivan region in Iran is very important for archaeological studies of the historical periods. In their studies on the pithos burial cemeteries in Marivan, the authors noticed that this region is encountering a wide range of human and natural damages that have been paid little attention by researchers. The excavations at Zardouyan cemetery properly clarified damaging factors and their amounts to researchers, and the most essential question is “Why is there such a huge amount of damage in these regions?” As a result, given the above-mentioned, we first investigated damaged evidence and damaging factors in the Zardouyan site. Then, to evaluate the factors affecting the region’s damage, geomorphological, climatic, and geological evidence as well as Sentile-1 images were employed. The results suggested that given the region’s geomorphological situation, slow and continuous mass wasting imposed pressure on the pithos to move in the slope direction, damaging and even overthrowing them. Moreover, according to the region’s climate, the cryoclast phenomenon eroded pithos near the surface. Furthermore, the results obtained from the radar interferometry method and SBAS time series method implied that the studied region subsided by 6.7 - 43.8 mm within two years. The number could be significant in the long term and directly affect the region’s vulnerability. Manuscript profile