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        1 - Bibi Kokab Bakhtiar: The First Iranian Travel Logger Woman in Europe
        Gh Porbakhtiar
        Bibi Kokab Bakhtiar; daughter of Nasir Khan Sardar Jang (war sirdar) and wife of Fathali Khan Sardar Moazam Bakhtiary (dignified sirdar of Bakhtiary people); was one of those women who were interested in culture and knowledge in Iran contemporary history. She is the fir More
        Bibi Kokab Bakhtiar; daughter of Nasir Khan Sardar Jang (war sirdar) and wife of Fathali Khan Sardar Moazam Bakhtiary (dignified sirdar of Bakhtiary people); was one of those women who were interested in culture and knowledge in Iran contemporary history. She is the first Iranian woman that traveled to Europe and visited varions countries and wrote memories and events of her travel. This literary woman showed in her itinerary that was not deceived by deceptive figures and prestiges of west and was faithful toward her national and religions culture. Moreover Bibi Kokab Bakhtiar during the constitional revolution and contemporary history of Iran hosted from some of cultural literary and political dignitaries in a castle known as Dezak, including prominent politician on the contemporary history of Iran Dr. Mossadegh. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The Main Issues of Attention to Clothing in Ibn Battuta's Travel Writing
        masoumeh feyzabadi taheri azimzadeh shahrbano delbari
        Clothing, as one of the most important visual aspects of each culture, is the most prominent cultural symbol of tribes and nations that can play an essential role in tracking the influence and impressibility of cultures. The geographic scope of Islam in areas with many More
        Clothing, as one of the most important visual aspects of each culture, is the most prominent cultural symbol of tribes and nations that can play an essential role in tracking the influence and impressibility of cultures. The geographic scope of Islam in areas with many cultural differences reveals the importance and necessity of addressing the issue of clothing in the land of Islam.Ibn Battuta, in his logbook, while addressing a wide range of different issues, such as economic, social items and etc., also mentioned indications to the issue of clothing in the form of clothes, turbans, cloth, and sometimes its material and color. He was often associated with kings and courtiers and spoke of the determining role of court clothing during his travels. However, he was not indifferent to the social life of the common people, and also described the social affairs of this group of people and had some indications to the people's clothing of some regions.The present paper tries to study the main issues of clothing in this logbook through finding statement and conceptualizing propositions with a descriptive-analytical approach and benefiting library documentations. What is important about clothing in this itinerary is Ibn Battuta's further attention to the clothing of the courtiers and special people than the ordinary people. Manuscript profile