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        1 - The Rite of Sacrifice in Biveh-koshi; A Study Based on the Ideas of Mircea Eliade
        Hodā Arabzādeh Mehrāsā Rahmāni
        The Rite of Sacrifice in Biveh-koshi; A Study Based on the Ideas of Mircea Eliade The concept of sacrifice is one of the major themes in Biveh-koshi (Widow Killing) a novel by Yousef Alikhani. It contributes to the coherence of the narrative and the sequence of events More
        The Rite of Sacrifice in Biveh-koshi; A Study Based on the Ideas of Mircea Eliade The concept of sacrifice is one of the major themes in Biveh-koshi (Widow Killing) a novel by Yousef Alikhani. It contributes to the coherence of the narrative and the sequence of events in the story. Various mythologists have studied the subject of sacrifice in the culture of different ethnic groups, including Mircea Eliade, who equates sacrifice with the act of creation and the necessity of life. He believes that nothing can be created without sacrifice. Biveh-koshi is a contemporary example of the rite of sacrifice. In the novel, the successive sacrifices of the seven sons of Hazratgholi and the sacrificing a lamb instead of a virgin girl are reminiscent of mythological idea of the rite of sacrifice. In the present study, the authors, by using an analytical-comparative approach, have first interpreted the main theories of Mircea Eliade about concepts such as the myth of creation, sacrificing and the initial perfection. Then, they have analyzed the elements of the rite of sacrifice in Biveh-koshi in order to explain the views of Eliade and to evaluate their compatibility with the narrative of the story. The results of the study show that the narrative of Biveh-koshi is a manifestation of the conflict between the myths of creation and fertility.     Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Ritual Drinking of Wine as a Modified Form of Drinking Blood of the Sacrifice
        ayoob omidi
        Ritual drinking of wine is rooted in the rite of sacrifice and is a modified form of blood drinking. Over time, the blood drinking ritual has been replaced by the wine drinking. There is an association between blood and wine, and red wine is more similar to the blood of More
        Ritual drinking of wine is rooted in the rite of sacrifice and is a modified form of blood drinking. Over time, the blood drinking ritual has been replaced by the wine drinking. There is an association between blood and wine, and red wine is more similar to the blood of the sacrifice than anything else. According to what is mentioned in Persian narrative poetry texts, due to the importance and position of the kings, wine drinking was often held in their memory. After the kings, there were heroes in whose honor the most wine drinking rituals were held, because they were supporters of royal glory, national independence and defense of people against foreigners. Recommending to drink wine in memory of heroes and elders (before war and after death) is an invitation to a ritual, and it has an effect on their afterlife destiny and is the cause of attracting the spiritual and spiritual power of wine drinkers. The present research, by using descriptive-analytical method and referring to Persian narrative poetry texts (written till 7th A.H. century), attempts to show that ritual drinking of wine is a modified way of drinking the blood of a victim in primitive rituals. The results of the research show that collective wine drinking in battlefield and banquet of kings, heroes and elders is a kind of non-bloody offering to the spirit of the departed; collective wine drinking leads to longevity, health and prosperity. It causes the spiritual union of wine drinkers with the soul of the departed. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Decoding the Rite of Sacrifice in Myth, Mysticism and Culture
        Najimeh Āzādi Deh Abbāsāni
        There are many similarities between myth, mysticism and culture; one example of the similarities is the rite of sacrifice which is as old as human life. In the present article, the rite is studied from mythological, mystic and cultural perspectives. Also, the attempt is More
        There are many similarities between myth, mysticism and culture; one example of the similarities is the rite of sacrifice which is as old as human life. In the present article, the rite is studied from mythological, mystic and cultural perspectives. Also, the attempt is made to consider the connection of assimilation of religions, sacrificing man or animal, mingling of the rite with superstitions, the story of Slaughtering Ismā'eil and the opinion of Quran about the rite.  Manuscript profile