List of Articles The Fall

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  1 - Factors Affecting the Survival of Judaism after the Destruction of the Second Temple
  Ali Ghanaatian Jahromi طاهره حاج ابراهیمی
  10.30495/jrs.2022.19945
  Since Judaism, as a tradition-based religion, had a strong connection with Temple, the religious and national identity of Jews was seriously endangered after the fall of the Temple. This paper examines factors leading to the survival of the Judaism after the destruction More

  Since Judaism, as a tradition-based religion, had a strong connection with Temple, the religious and national identity of Jews was seriously endangered after the fall of the Temple. This paper examines factors leading to the survival of the Judaism after the destruction of the Second Temple. By carefully examining the historical documents and previous studies, we can identify two groups of internal and external factors. Internal factors include the role of Yohanan ben Zakkai, Sanhedrin council, Pharisees, and rabbinic system. Simon Bar Kokhba’s revolt led to the consolidation of the Jews’ theological status. Moreover, the prominent role of oral traditions in the post-Second Temple period in the form of Talmud led to the survival of Judaism. External factors include the exile to neighbouring lands, especially Babylon, the influence of ancient Iran’s monotheist religions, the opposition between the Roman and Persian empires in the post-Second Temple era, bringing the Jews closer to the Parthians in enmity with Rome, and the probable role of the Parthians in provoking the Jewish revolts to distract Romans. The combination of these factors provided the basis for the religious life of the Jews and the consolidation of monotheistic beliefs in the post-Second Temple era. Manuscript profile
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  2 - The explanatoy and figurative viewpoints of the story "Saturday in the black firmament (from seven figures of Nezami)
  Masood Sepahvandi
  The seven figures(seven firmament)which is the fourth poems from the five poems of the philosopher Nezami contains the allegorical short stories in which the most important characteristics and element is advice and the gradual change of the main hero of story (Bahram Go More

  The seven figures(seven firmament)which is the fourth poems from the five poems of the philosopher Nezami contains the allegorical short stories in which the most important characteristics and element is advice and the gradual change of the main hero of story (Bahram Goor).In this dipody poems,two topics are connected with each other.one of them is the life of Bahram that is in the order of the happenings of his life ,and the other stories ,which are in the contrast of hero, show unstability and unreliability of the world, and incite the reader to think about the meanings of life.In fact,these stories are fetch in wich Nezami expresses the wise thuths of correct style of  life.the story of Saturday is one  the wise stories which shows figure of mystical behaviours and the cautionary adventures of the fall of Adam from paradise.   Manuscript profile
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  3 - Genealogy and historiographic explanation of the fall of Baghdad in Persian historiographical works up to the 10th century
  Maryam Nazaralhooey Mahboubeh Sharafi
  10.30495/hstr.2023.1971572.1792
  The fall of the Abbasid caliphate is one of the important events of the 7th century AD, which had various reflections in written historical sources. Each of the historians have narrated the event based on their perspective on history. In order to understand the historia More

  The fall of the Abbasid caliphate is one of the important events of the 7th century AD, which had various reflections in written historical sources. Each of the historians have narrated the event based on their perspective on history. In order to understand the historians' approach to the fall of Baghdad, this research tries to analyze the historians' perspective by using the historical method, based on the comparative approach, in three indicators of social, causal, critical and providential approaches. For this purpose, by identifying the most important works of Persian historiography in the period from 656 to 907 AD, we will study and compare the narratives and approaches of historians regarding the fall of Baghdad. The findings show that some narrators have a political and providential approach to the event, and their historiography is a continuation of traditional Iranian Islamic historiography. Some others, with a causal approach to history, with a social and causal, critical approach, criticized the political and social performance of the Caliph and those around him, and held them responsible for the incident. Their historiography method seems to be a step towards analytical historiography. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Investigation of Shi'ism current opportunities from the fall of Baghdad To the establishment of the Safavid dynasty
  Azadeh Montazeri
  Recognizing Shi'ism in the Safavid period is a phenomenon which is rooted in centuries, currents, and ups and downs that Shi'ism faced in its attempt to prove itself. The present study made an attempt to examine Shi'ism, its opportunities from the fall of Baghdad to the More

  Recognizing Shi'ism in the Safavid period is a phenomenon which is rooted in centuries, currents, and ups and downs that Shi'ism faced in its attempt to prove itself. The present study made an attempt to examine Shi'ism, its opportunities from the fall of Baghdad to the establishment of Safavid dynasty, and the recognition of Iran's Twelver Shi'ism .The results revealed that ,in the course of Iran’s history, from the beginning until before the fall of Baghdad(656 A.H),the tendency to Shiite has been rising but it occurred slowly. However, after the Mongol devastating invasion of Iran and the Muslim world and the presented opportunities, Shi'ism current found such power and acceleration that, after nearly three centuries, despite various sects and religions in Iran, finally, it was formalized and conjoined with the Iranian identity. Manuscript profile
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  5 - The First Decline in Kashf-Al-Asrar and Odat-Al-Abrar
  Aliasgar Zarei Alireza Mozafari
    According to Abulfazl Rashideddin Meybodi in Kashf-Al-Asrar and Odat-Al-Abrarin his interpretation of the story of Cain and Abel, Cain is afraid of a song and escapes from people and becomes familiar with wild animals. The story has a connection with an archetype More

    According to Abulfazl Rashideddin Meybodi in Kashf-Al-Asrar and Odat-Al-Abrarin his interpretation of the story of Cain and Abel, Cain is afraid of a song and escapes from people and becomes familiar with wild animals. The story has a connection with an archetype named the first decline. According to the archetype, the man has fallen from a golden age and has lost his roots. The present article tries to study the first decline archetype in some cultures based on descriptive-comparative method. The archetype can be seen in most of the rituals which indicates the close relationship of man with the nature and animals, the relation that has forgotten by an evil thought. Although the affinity of man and nature that existed in the Golden age has been forgotten, but its trace can still be seen. This archetype is present in different cultures with various forms and some common themes can be found in them. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Investigating the rule of masculinity over women from the perspective of biological differences
  batool doust mohamadi ali rafiee moghadam mohamad akbari
  10.30495/alr.2021.1941056.2176
  3 jurisprudential rules The authority of men over women is based on verse 34 of Surah An-Nisa ', which is the source of many rules and regulations in jurisprudence and law, especially in family law and male-female relations. Male domination over women in our system, in More

  3 jurisprudential rules The authority of men over women is based on verse 34 of Surah An-Nisa ', which is the source of many rules and regulations in jurisprudence and law, especially in family law and male-female relations. Male domination over women in our system, in cases such as the wife's obedience to her husband; Determining the location; The right of a man to oppose a woman's job; Citizenship; Husband's guardianship has affected children and many other cases. There have been different and sometimes conflicting interpretations of this verse. Some commentators in the interpretation of the verse "By the grace of God, some of them are Ali" some have mentioned more than ten cases in proving the superiority of men over women: Alimony and household expenses, and finally the divine decree. Some believe; The best interpretation of the above verse, according to the context of the verses before and after and even the beginning and the end of the verse, is related to the relations between men and women in the family. Others, by generalizing causes such as rational powers, have extended the ruling of the verse to society and believe in the guardianship of men over women. . However, there is strong scientific evidence that strongly denies the biological difference between men and women in sexual matters; But assuming the acceptance of the theory that in the real world, in the nature of human beings, Manuscript profile