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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Study of Some of Heavy Metals in Poaceae Triticum, Zea Maize, and Hordeum Vulgare and Non-Carcinogenic Quantitative Risk Assessment: Kashafroud River, Mashhad
        Ghasem Zolfaghari Mehri Delsouz Amaneh Sazgar Zohre Akhgari
        Background and Objective: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea Maize), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are among the most important components of food. This paper provides the first quantitative information on accumulation of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, and arseni More
        Background and Objective: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea Maize), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are among the most important components of food. This paper provides the first quantitative information on accumulation of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, and arsenic) in ground (soils) overground (leaves) and underground (roots) parts of wheat, corn, and tomatoaround the Kashafroud River in Mashhad, Khorasan Razavi, Iran. Method: The concentrations of lead, cadmium, and arsenic were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, graphite furnace (GBC GF3000). Results: Statistical analysis showed that there is a significant difference among the cadmium concentrations of soil, roots and leaves/grain in various plants (p<0.01 for wheat and corn and p=0.0004 for tomato). There was not a significant difference among the lead concentrations of soil, roots and grain in wheat (p>0.05), but there was a significant difference for other plants (p<0.01 for corn and tomato). Furthermore, statistical analysis was done for arsenic concentrations of soil, roots and leaves/grain in wheat and tomato (p>0.05 for wheat and p=0.026 for tomato). Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study were compared with global standards. As well as in this monitoring, health risk assessment by EPA/WHO instructions has been done. The concentrations of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in soil were below the limits proposed by WHO, EPA, and EU. The results of the present study aimed to provide data from Kashafroud River as indicators of natural and anthropogenic impacts on aquatic ecosystem as well as to evaluate the human hazard index associated with wheat consumption. Health risk assessment of consumers from the intake of metal contaminated was evaluated by using Total Hazard Quotient (THQ) calculations. In this study, the THQ through consumption of wheat was less than 1, indicating that there is no significant potential health risk associated with the consumption of wheat from the around the Kashafroud River.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Investigation on germination and phenolic content of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in response to cell phone radiation
        Elham Rajabbeigi Mohammadreza Rousta
        Nowadays, the use of cell phone has increased with the modernization. It has led to the increase in the radiations in the environment which further has effect on the plants and animals including human beings. In this research, the grains of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) More
        Nowadays, the use of cell phone has increased with the modernization. It has led to the increase in the radiations in the environment which further has effect on the plants and animals including human beings. In this research, the grains of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were placed in petridish and the mobile phone set was placed over them and it was activated by calling from another phone. The grains under the treatment for 14 days, were radiated for 10 minutes every day. After the treatment, the effects of cell phone waves on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings were investigated and the percentage of germination, radical scavengering capacity, and phenolics were examined in compared to control samples. It was observed that radiations emitted from cell phone show considerable increasing in the germination percentage and lipid peroxidation. Radical scavenging activity (RSA) and protein content were declined in response to cell phone radiations. Increasing of seed germination could be caused by inducing gene expression in response to cell phone radiations. It seems that although the decrease in radical scavenging activity, ROS was increased. It could be led to lipid degradation in compare to control ones. Total phenolics decreased in response to phone radiation. It seems that cell phone radiation can affect cells through the membrane degeneration and the production of reactive oxygen species. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Effects of cold stress on Abscisic acid composition by examining the gene expression and non-enzymatic antioxidants changes of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum 'Red Cloud cultivar)
        Niloofar Samadi Sakineh Saeidi Sar Hossein ABBASPOUR Nahid Masoudian
        Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) a main agricultural crops that is important in most countries including Iran. In this study, we investigated the SlNCED1 gene expression of biosynthetic Abscisic acid pathway by Real Time qRT-PCR and measured some of the physiological ch More
        Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) a main agricultural crops that is important in most countries including Iran. In this study, we investigated the SlNCED1 gene expression of biosynthetic Abscisic acid pathway by Real Time qRT-PCR and measured some of the physiological characteristics under cold stress. After fruiting, plants were placed under 2° and 4° C temperatures for 12 and 24 hours. Then, the fruits were collected for gene expression and measuring non-enzymatic antioxidant by DPPH and total phenols by Folin Ciocalteo. Results showed that the fruits at 4° C for 24 and 12 hours had more gene expression compared to other treatments. Also, non-enzymatic and total phenols had increased significantly at 2° C for 12 hours. Generally, since tomato Red Cloud cultivar belongs to tropical region, at temperatures below 12° C it is influenced by cold stress and, subsequently, it makes changes in gene expression and antioxidants to protect itself against stress. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Effect of Potassium Silicate on Growth and Biochemical Attributes of Tomato under Salt Stress
        Riti Kapoor Pooja Yadav