Myth, which is one of the major building blocks of literature throughout the world, portrays through symbolic language exquisite stories of social and cultural values of the nations, and is considered as significant sources of social and cultural research. By comparativ More
Myth, which is one of the major building blocks of literature throughout the world, portrays through symbolic language exquisite stories of social and cultural values of the nations, and is considered as significant sources of social and cultural research. By comparative analysis of tales, the thought and the bases of them are recognized from one hand and it is feasible to find the common grounds of nations throughout the world on the other. Magical tales and fairy tales are among the most important and marvelous myths which present extraordinary and metaphysical incidents in unreal and imaginary worlds. Since duality is a vital basis of magical myths and is among major motives in fairy tales, the aim of this study is to comparatively analyze this factor and also the role of the protagonist in confrontation with vice and virtue in Germanic and Iranian myths to highlight the similarities and differences of the two cultures.
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Myths are stories from the ancient times, and pre-historical adventures which still serve a deeper purpose to reflect some truth, and have been transferred from the past to the future generations. Due to culture exchanges, Iranian and Greek nations had similar and commo More
Myths are stories from the ancient times, and pre-historical adventures which still serve a deeper purpose to reflect some truth, and have been transferred from the past to the future generations. Due to culture exchanges, Iranian and Greek nations had similar and common myths in past. That's why champions like Rostam and Esfandiyar in Iran and Hercules in Greece were sacred and have been treated respectfully. Some myths appear in numbers, for instance seven and twelve. In Ferdowsi's Shahnameh it has been referred to Rostam and Esfandiyar's seven labours and these narrations could be related to twelve labours of Hercules. Investigations into mythological labours will reveal cultural similarities of Iran and Greece. There mythological champions including Rostam, Esfandiyar and Hercules had supernatural capacities. These differences and commonalities will reveal the cultural development pattern of these nations to a high extent. The common characteristic of these three champions is the selection of the road not or less taken instead of the easy one.
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Human emotions universally manifest themselves in the forms of happiness and sadness. Sohran Sepehri has a poem named “Posht e Darya” in his work “Hajm e Sabz”. This poem has a resemblance to one of Constantine Cavafy’s poems named & More
Human emotions universally manifest themselves in the forms of happiness and sadness. Sohran Sepehri has a poem named “Posht e Darya” in his work “Hajm e Sabz”. This poem has a resemblance to one of Constantine Cavafy’s poems named “The City”. This study takes a descriptive and analytic approach in comparing these two poems and finding their similarities and differences. In addition, this study aims to investigate which of the two poets was probably influenced by the other in writing his poem. The findings show that Cavafy wrote his poem before Sohrab Sepehri, and Sohrb was probably influenced by Cavafy when writing his poem, Posht e Daray. Sohrab’s poem is full of hope while Cavafy’s poem is full of hopelessness. Sohrab’s poem is long and spiritual while Cavafy’s poem is short and wordly. In Shorab’s poem, temporary hopelessness leads to departure; however, hopelessness in Cavafy’s poem leads to settling, growing old, etc… Contrary to Sohrab’s hope in his poem, Cavafy does not believe in hope in his poem, The City. Sohrab speaks of loneliness to remember paradise while Cavafy’s loneliness is the result of his worldly life. Contrary to the dark and frustrating atmosphere of the city, the atmosphere and wording of Posht e Darya is full of hope. The language of Sohrab’s poem is poetic and ambiguous while the language of Cavafy’s poem is colloquial and explicit.
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The story of Khosrow and Shirin is told in two different metrical romances. The composer of the one is an epic poet, a commander in battle fields, and the composer of the other is the cupbearer in feasts. Ferdowsi, however has shown remarkable skill in combi More
The story of Khosrow and Shirin is told in two different metrical romances. The composer of the one is an epic poet, a commander in battle fields, and the composer of the other is the cupbearer in feasts. Ferdowsi, however has shown remarkable skill in combining the love story with the epic story. Nezami is a storyteller and has experience in love and with utmost mastery he has portrayed this detailed romantic verse.
The summary of both romantic stories is presented then their common features and points of differences are illustrated. Using Tarikh Tabari as an old reliable source, the historical accounts in the two versions are evaluated to show to what extent the composers were true to the actual historical events. Further difference may be sought in their narrative styles.
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