Divine Justice is one of the important religious and verbal principals such as monotheism; but because of its undescribable importance, owns a special place in religious and verbal subjects. Ash'arites belive that Lord's justice is to enter all good doers to Hell and al More
Divine Justice is one of the important religious and verbal principals such as monotheism; but because of its undescribable importance, owns a special place in religious and verbal subjects. Ash'arites belive that Lord's justice is to enter all good doers to Hell and all evil doers to Heaven. Thus they think that justice is not mandatory to Lord nor evil in the universe; they also believe human is not allowed and capable to judge Lord's decisions. Other religion – Shias – believe in good and bad behaviors conversely. They believe Lord would never leave what wise dictates. This paper aims to study Sa'adi and Amīr Khusrow Dehlavī's viewpoints on Divine judgement.
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One of the most important areas of literary psychology is devoted to the analysis of the psychological processes of the mind. Carl Gustav Jung, the Swiss pioneer of this area, known as Analytical Psychology, put the mind on a higher level than the previous psychol More
One of the most important areas of literary psychology is devoted to the analysis of the psychological processes of the mind. Carl Gustav Jung, the Swiss pioneer of this area, known as Analytical Psychology, put the mind on a higher level than the previous psychologists, including his master, Freud. He added "collective unconscious" to those analyses. He believed that man may exceed his individual boundaries and enter a world of the "collective unconscious." What set Jung apart from his peers in the discussion of the "collective unconscious" was attention to the "eternal form" or "archetype." And that’s what Jung believed shapes our personality and behavior, as well as what makes us different from others due to the formation of personality and behavior. Like any other human being, Saadi was also influenced by these archetypes, and it can be claimed that, under these influences, he engaged in literary creations and the creation of brilliant literary anecdotes. One of the most important archetypes influencing Saadi was the archetype of "shadow", but what distinguishes Saadi from others is his reluctance to conceal the influence of this archetype on his behavior and personality.
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Exploring literary texts and critiques of such works has been always a subject of literary criticism. Formalism that from now on referred to as 'new criticism' emerged in 20 century. The literary texts analysis in this school was done solely through form and structure b More
Exploring literary texts and critiques of such works has been always a subject of literary criticism. Formalism that from now on referred to as 'new criticism' emerged in 20 century. The literary texts analysis in this school was done solely through form and structure based on linguistics. The authors of this paper intend to study and present a sonnet of Sa'adi (deceased in ah 690) as well as a sonnet of Mirza Sohrab of Darabjerdi with the pen name of (deceased in ah 975), from formalist criticism viewpoint in an analytic-descriptive method. After studying both sonnets and sources associated with formalist criticism, they concluded that the vocabulary used with negative connotation, music (exterior, lateral, and internal) as well as rhetorical figures and figures of speech in the two texts has significant role in conveying the meaning and content proposed by Sa'adi and of Darabjerd considered Sa'adi's style and language in his sonnets and has been successful in inducing his intended meaning of distress (hozn and andooh) from the sepration (hijrān), that is well influenced from the form and structure of Sa'adi's sonnets.
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One of the most important beauties of Modern poetry, especially in the literature which was created in war and in blockade, is application of space and location technique and its different implications; because war is concerned with conquering location and its inc More
One of the most important beauties of Modern poetry, especially in the literature which was created in war and in blockade, is application of space and location technique and its different implications; because war is concerned with conquering location and its incidents will occur in the location and destruction of that location is one of its unlucky effects; Therefore, the present study is performed to analyze the effect of military blockade of Beirut by Israel on application and implication of location in “Maryam Tati” by the Iraqi poet, Sa'adiYoosef, by descriptive-analytic method; because the blockade has had a considerable effect on routine daily life of the Lebanese people, its effects have been reflected on the literary works of Lebanese and non-Lebanese scholars, such as Sa'adi Youssef who was compelled by wardisasters to illustrate the most detailed issues of Lebanese lives. The question which should be answered is: what is the effect of military blockade of Beirut on application and implication of place on ‘Maryam Tati”? The most important results were that open locations (e.g. city, village and district) are to illustrate the material destruction of Beirut during the war and close locations (home and room), which were used more than open ones, implicate spiritual status of people of Beirut and the reason for this application and implication is the engineering and architectural criteria of the closed locations.
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The Catastrophe of Mongol invasion is regarded to have its most tragic impact on Iranian and Arabic history. It led to a painful grief and agony among the people of that era. It seems natural that the writers and poets with delicate tastes and sensation were more sensit More
The Catastrophe of Mongol invasion is regarded to have its most tragic impact on Iranian and Arabic history. It led to a painful grief and agony among the people of that era. It seems natural that the writers and poets with delicate tastes and sensation were more sensitive than the common people with respect to cruelty and assaults. Shams al-dinAlkufi and Sa'adiShirazi were among the first poets who reflected the consequencesof this tragic attack in their poems and accordingly affected the audience highly, with respect to the fact that both poets lived in the same period. The authors of this Comparative endeavor based on New Criticism studied the structure and subject matter of two odes analytically. Therefore,study ofthe communalities and differences reveals that the ambiguity and complexity in Sa'adi’s poems are not to the extent of those of Alkufi. This is due to the fact that the sentence and phrase structures are natural not artificial although both poets enjoyed a straight forward and narrative style as reflected in Mogul invasion.
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