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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Issues and demands of the people of Tehran in the petitions of the Nasserite era (1301-1303 AH)
        Maryam Nilghaz sina foroozesh Reza Shaabani Samgh Abadi
        Studying of every period of social structures in Iran has a graet importance.Meanwhile, one of the most affective of research methos is, in general, to have access to documents, so that the realities and truths for every historical period of time are recognized; the pet More
        Studying of every period of social structures in Iran has a graet importance.Meanwhile, one of the most affective of research methos is, in general, to have access to documents, so that the realities and truths for every historical period of time are recognized; the petition documents as a group of historical documents, represent life issues and mutual relations among people. Society and the state, and also every line of them deals with social distinction for researchers.The purpose of this researchers to recognize the social problems of Tehran inhabitants during nearly three years of the reign of Nassar al-Din Shah Qajar, which were refleceted in the examined documents the documents include petitions for Tehran inhabitants from 1301 to 1303 AH. The method for inquiring of this research is to correct a corpus of manuscripts based on codicology, and to write this article on a historical(conductive) method. The style of writing is descriptive_analytical. All data were collected in a desk_study manner. Studing of the documents show that subjects freely with no fear, set forth their demands for the king. Petition data show that varios social groups, in general,enjoyed free speech and freedom of religion with no fear.Maintaining security and justice was missing link in Nassari reign, as usual through Iranian history. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Issues of followers of religions, sects and informal rituals of the Nasserite period in petition documents(1301-1303 AH)
        maryam nilghaz Sina Foroozesh Reza Shaabani
        By studying petition documents as one of the sources for studying social history in the contemporary era, one can take a new look at It had the social life and the cultural and economic life of the Iranian society, which may have been neglected until now. Followers issu More
        By studying petition documents as one of the sources for studying social history in the contemporary era, one can take a new look at It had the social life and the cultural and economic life of the Iranian society, which may have been neglected until now. Followers issues unofficial religions, sects and rituals as one of the aspects of the social life of the Iranian people need to be examined.It is mostly in different historical periods and from this perspective, these documents can be of great help in understanding life and Have problems with these social groups. In this research, the documents of the petitions of the Nasiri period, during the years 1301 It has been studied until 1303 AH. The religions mentioned in these documents mainly include two Christian religious groups And he is Jewish. The research method in this article is the historical method (inductive) and the method of writing and compiling it as It is descriptive-analytical. Extraction of information and data has also been done in the form of libraries and documents.The findings of this study show that except for religious issues, in other matters, issues of followers of religions, sects and Formal and informal rituals have been common. regarding religious issues, we can boldly say that mainlyIt has been an excuse for lords and those in power to achieve their material goal. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - An analysis of the performance of Shiite scholars in the protection of religion in the era of Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar
        mohammadreza bagherizadehgan naser bageribidehendi ali aghanoori
        AbstractThe word Shiism is the only word that throughout history has been associated with missionaries, scholars and authorities who have caused the rise and spread of this religion with dynamism and insight in every age.Shiite scholars are the flag bearers of religion More
        AbstractThe word Shiism is the only word that throughout history has been associated with missionaries, scholars and authorities who have caused the rise and spread of this religion with dynamism and insight in every age.Shiite scholars are the flag bearers of religion and culture and have spared no effort to protect its sanctity. The social functions of the ulema have been very fruitful against the selfishness of the tyrant rulers, especially the Qajar sultans, as well as against the two colonial governments of Russia and Britain. They were able to maintain the religious, political, livelihood and economy of Iran to the best of their ability during the fifty-year rule of Nasser al-Din Shah (1264-1313 AH), which was the culmination of concessions to the colonial and looting states of Russia and Britain.Finally, the results of this research provide the audience with the position of scholars such as Ayatollah Kani, Mirza Shirazi, Miraz Mohammad Hassan Ashtiani, Haj Mirza Javad Agha Tabrizi, Agha Seyyed Ali Akbar Fal Asiri, etc., who were able to take a conscious action taken from the Qur'an, Sunnah , Wisdom and consensus to protect religion, acquaints. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - An Overview of the Transformation of the Official Clothing of Government Personnel of the Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar and Reza Shah Pahlavi Periods
        fariba mehrmand Ali Akbar Khedrizadeh
        Expansion of the relations between Iran and the West is one of the hallmarks of the Qajar and Pahlavi era. Familiarity with the culture and Western civilization of Iran has caused a relatively large social change, including changing the clothing of some sections of soci More
        Expansion of the relations between Iran and the West is one of the hallmarks of the Qajar and Pahlavi era. Familiarity with the culture and Western civilization of Iran has caused a relatively large social change, including changing the clothing of some sections of society, and especially the official dress of government employees. Based on this, the main purpose of the paper is to review the developments in the official dress of Naser al-Din Shah government staff and the Reza Shah period. Now, the question arises, what difference has there been between the design and the manner in which the work of the state employees during the period of Naser-al-Din Shah was during the period of Reza Shah? The hypothesis of the article is that with the efforts of Shah Qajar and Pahlavi I to change the cover, the official dress of government employees changed in terms of rank, position, social communication and in terms of design and how it was implemented. The research method in this paper is based on the description and adaptation of historical data and the results of this research indicate the process of westernizing influence on the cost of Naser al-Dinshah's administrative staff and the escalation of modernity on the development of state-owned personnel clothing with the authoritarian method of Reza Shah. Manuscript profile