• List of Articles Morale

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Modeling the dimensions of organizational culture on corporate tax morale
        leila sedighikamal ramezanali royaei مهدی تقوی فریده حق شناس کاشانی
        In Iran recently due to the intensification of economic sanctions and the reduction of oil revenues, the increase in tax revenues has become an important source of revenue for the government, so it is important to pay attention to the central role of taxpayers. Understa More
        In Iran recently due to the intensification of economic sanctions and the reduction of oil revenues, the increase in tax revenues has become an important source of revenue for the government, so it is important to pay attention to the central role of taxpayers. Understanding the difference between taxpayers' tax behavior (tax compliance or tax evasion) requires understanding their differences in attitude, which is a function of cultural norms. Investigating and understanding the factors affecting "tax morale" as the motivation and the intrinsic tendency of taxpayers (to pay or not to pay taxes) is very necessary.The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of culture on tax morale. The statistical population of the research is the taxpayers of Tehran tax offices. The standard questionnaires were used for the research. And the structural equation modeling with PLS approach was used to confirm the relationships between variables. Research shows that tax culture and corporate culture have a significant impact on tax morale. Therefore, policymakers and legislators should pay special attention to features such as culture in the formulation of tax strategies and laws because the manner in which Moody's responds and responds to the success and failure of those strategies and laws is crucial. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Investigating the Implementation Barriers of the Fundamental Evolution Education Document Based on the Fullan Model:Case study of the field of aesthetic and artistic education
        Fatemeh Sadat Bitarafan Marjan Sojoodi marziye dehghani
        The main purpose of this study is to identify the administrative barriers in the field of aesthetic and artistic education of the Fundamental Evolution Document in education, based on the Fullan model (2007). The field of artistic education has been forgotten and neglec More
        The main purpose of this study is to identify the administrative barriers in the field of aesthetic and artistic education of the Fundamental Evolution Document in education, based on the Fullan model (2007). The field of artistic education has been forgotten and neglected, despite the tremendous impact it can have on morale and, consequently, on the learning of learners and even their educators.This research project is the "combined" type (simultaneous test). The study population included two independent groups of curriculum and education specialists (in the qualitative section) as well as primary school teachers (in the quantitative section). The sample size includes 12 curriculum and education specialists and 120 primary school teachers .The sampling method in the first part (qualitative) is theoretical and purposeful method and its tools include semi-constructed and unstructured interview and in the second part (quantitative) it is "purposeful and preferable" and the research tool includes a 30 questions researcher-made questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis involves the Wilcoxon single-sample and Friedman tests to rank the Barriers to the implementation of the Fundamental Evolution Document based on the components of the Fullen model. Qualitative data analysis was also performed using the seven-step )Colaizzi, 1987) method. The results of the study confirm the gap between the designers of the Evolution Document and its implementers in schools, which, in addition to other existing administrative barriers,contributes to the inefficiency of the Fundamental Evolution Document in the implementation phase. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - The study of relationship between Emotional intelligence, Job satisfaction and job morale among personnel
        ramezan hasanzadeh morteza sadati fatrmeh soleimani
        The study aims to find the relationship between Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction and job morale among the personnel of Islamic Azad University, Ghaemshar branch. Considering the importance of education and development of employees and improvement of organization More
        The study aims to find the relationship between Emotional intelligence, job satisfaction and job morale among the personnel of Islamic Azad University, Ghaemshar branch. Considering the importance of education and development of employees and improvement of organizations with affiliated personnel must be recognized and we must remove all the obstacles to achieve our goals. Emotional intelligence can be the most important factor, and general aim for this research lies in the consideration between Emotional intelligence and professional satisfaction that must be the most important factor in organization development and revenue.  Out of 208 official staff of university (152 male, 56 female), with diploma, associated degree, BSC or BA and MSC or MA (Except staffs who are under diploma). Using Morgans and Kerjesi tables, 136 staffs (41 female and 95 male) were selected. The research method was correlation and the instruments included: standard questionnaires related to Emotional intelligence of Brodberi and Griyoz, standard questionnaires of job satisfaction of Visoki and Krom and the researcher's questionnaire remained for job morale.  To analyze the data, descriptive statistics was used (frequency distribution tables, diagrams and percent) and the well-known statistics (Pearson's correlation coefficient, independent test, variance analysis, ANOVA and regression) was used as well. The result of this study has shown there is not any meaningful relationship in this statistical community between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction, but there is a meaningful relationship between job morale and emotional intelligence, and education and gender have not any effect on studied variables. There is not any meaningful relationship between job morale and job satisfaction Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Health and Effectiveness of School Administrators in Tehran
        Mehdi Shariatmadari
        This study aims to investigate the relationship between organizational health and effectiveness of school administrators in 5th district of Tehran Education Office. The target population of the project consisted of 3509 elementary, guidance and high school teachers of g More
        This study aims to investigate the relationship between organizational health and effectiveness of school administrators in 5th district of Tehran Education Office. The target population of the project consisted of 3509 elementary, guidance and high school teachers of governmental school in 5th district of Tehran and according to Morgan Sample Size Table 346 teachers were selected as the sample of the study using a simple random sampling and a multi- stage cluster sampling. The research method of the study is correlation. For the purpose of data collection two questionnaires: the Organizational Health Institute (OHI) standard questionnaires and the Standard Effectiveness questionnaire were used. Content Validity and Reliability were obtained using existing resources and experts' opinions and by conducting a pilot study Cronbach Alpha was calculated 0.89 for OHI questionnaire and 0.91 for the Standard Effectiveness questionnaire. To study the aspects of organizational health, a model that divides organizational health to six parts: structuralizing, observation, supporting-source, morale, scientific emphasis and institutional unity was used ; based on the findings of data analysis in this research, all aspects of organizational health are correlated to each other.  and to study effectiveness, a model was used which has six dimensions namely: leadership, assisting students, constructional relationship with parents, proper dealing with teachers and skills in evaluating personnel and administration of schools affairs from teachers viewpoint. Furthermore, the relationships between organizational health aspects and effectiveness dimensions were investigated in this study. The findings of the research indicate that there are significant relations between organizational health aspects and effectiveness dimensions. Therefore, if the administrators try to apply methods which could improve organizational health, effectiveness in all aspects would also improve. Manuscript profile
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        5 - Comparing the Efficiency of Task-based Interactive Language Teaching (TBILT) & Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT) on Morale of Inquiry of the Youth in University Heterogeneous Classes
        Nabi-Ollah Akbarnetaj Shoob Ghodrat-Ollah Abbasi Bahram Mirzaian
      • Open Access Article

        6 - The Usage of Political Propaganda Method in the Process of Implementing Psychological Operation and the Role of National Morale of the Subjected Country in its Effectiveness or Ineffectiveness
        Azizollah Shahbazi Rohollah Shahbi
        Psychological warfare consists of a set of operations which are used in classical wars but in present situation it includes more extensive objectives like weakening the morale of soldiers in war fronts, weakening and misleading the people of countries involved in the wa More
        Psychological warfare consists of a set of operations which are used in classical wars but in present situation it includes more extensive objectives like weakening the morale of soldiers in war fronts, weakening and misleading the people of countries involved in the war, propaganda force for keeping superiority in war front, spreading rumours for creating fear. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - The effect of personality traits, morale and generational dependence on employee performance
        محمد کاظم زاده هوچقان رضا نجف بیگی ناصر میرسپاسی کرم الله دانش فرد
        Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of correlation between personality, morale and generational dependence of employees on performance in the workplace.Methodology: Quantitative research method and analysis of results have been done using mult More
        Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of correlation between personality, morale and generational dependence of employees on performance in the workplace.Methodology: Quantitative research method and analysis of results have been done using multiple regression. The study sample includes 120 human resources experts from a government organization. To measure employee morale from the standard staff morale scale (EMS) questionnaire, to measure personality from the standard questionnaire (HEXACO), to measure employee performance from the standard questionnaire (JOBS) and to show the generation dependence of each year of birth One of the participants was used.Results: The results of the analysis of 8 research hypotheses showed that 4 hypotheses were confirmed and 4 were rejected: three dimensions of extraversion, adaptation and acceptance of new experiences of personality traits and employee morale with a significant relationship with job performance and three dimensions of honesty There is no significant relationship between humility, emotionality, conscientiousness and generational dependence on task performance.Discussion: According to these findings and conclusions of the research, it is suggested that further study on variables, especially mood and its effect on task performance, be considered in the workplace. Manuscript profile
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        8 - Presenting the Model of Tax Morale with Grounded Theory Approach
        Hamed Rabi Beigi Rahmatollah Mohammadipour Iraj Noravesh reza salehi
        Abstract Taxes are a fundamental aspect of modern life. The funds that governments get from taxes are used to provide essential services and public goods. Therefore, people's willingness to pay taxes plays an important role in the economic and social well-being of any More
        Abstract Taxes are a fundamental aspect of modern life. The funds that governments get from taxes are used to provide essential services and public goods. Therefore, people's willingness to pay taxes plays an important role in the economic and social well-being of any country. The approach of this research is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, which presents its model in the qualitative part based on grounded theory, and structural equation modeling (SEM) is used in the quantitative part. The statistical population of this research was conducted in the qualitative section, including 12 experts and elites of the country's tax affairs organization and university elites with high experience, who were selected by the snowball method, and interviews were used to collect the required data. In the quantitative part, the statistical population was selected based on the recommendations of using confirmatory models of 270 managers and financial experts. After the implementation, the textual data were analyzed using three successive stages of open, central and selective coding, and finally the research paradigm model was developed. The results show that the pattern of tax sentiment is based on the central category of virtual space, democracy and advertising, which is formed under the influence of causal conditions. This process begins with causal conditions and leads to the formation of a central category that helps to strengthen tax morale by using strategies, and its consequence is the improvement of economic indicators, the improvement of social indicators and the fight against money laundering. The lack of tax justice, flexibility and complexity of tax laws are also among the conditions interfering with the model of tax morale, and creating a culture and establishing tax justice are among the strategies to strengthen tax morale. Manuscript profile
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        9 - Analyzing Teachers’ Morale in Primary Schools, Junior, and Senior High Schools of Abadeh
        Marzieh Heidari Saeed Rejaeepour
        Abstract The main purpose of the present study is to analyze the morale level of school teachers in Abadeh. Out of all the school teachers in this town, 200 were selected using stratifies random sampling. The data collection tool was Purdue Teacher Opinionnaire (P.T.O) More
        Abstract The main purpose of the present study is to analyze the morale level of school teachers in Abadeh. Out of all the school teachers in this town, 200 were selected using stratifies random sampling. The data collection tool was Purdue Teacher Opinionnaire (P.T.O) designed by Bentley & Remple (1970). The results of the data analysis indicate that the teachers’ morale is high regarding communication, job satisfaction, cooperation, syllabus affairs, educational facilities, quantity of educational work, and parents’ pressure and is low in other aspects. Besides, the female teachers’ level of morale is higher than their male counterparts regarding all the aspects except quantity of educational work and parents’ pressure. Also, there are significant relationships between school teachers’ level of moral in different aspects like communication, quantity of educational work, syllabus affair, social status, social endorsement for ministry of education, and educational facilities. Manuscript profile