Mircea Eliade (1907-1986) was one of the most outstanding scholars on religious studies, mythology and symbolism. He wrote a number of important works on subjects such as yoga and shamanism, morphology and general types of religious experience. He also had some importan More
Mircea Eliade (1907-1986) was one of the most outstanding scholars on religious studies, mythology and symbolism. He wrote a number of important works on subjects such as yoga and shamanism, morphology and general types of religious experience. He also had some important theories on the Holy and special function of religion. In his view, bringing about of the encounter of man and the Holy is the main function of religion and religious rituals as a whole. Religion helps man to recognize manifestations of the Holy in nature and History. Primitive man had a special talent in discovering the Holy in nature, so much so that for him all nature was the mainfestation of the Holy, while for the Hebrews it was manifested in history rather than nature. In this view, the Holy shows himself in the ups and downs of history, which in turn brings about considerable consequences.
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The comparative-mythological study of the cave, as an ancient symbol, can reveal some unknown aspects of the functions of this symbol, and also, it makes it possible to understand more precisely why this symbol is used. By using the analytical-comparative method and the More
The comparative-mythological study of the cave, as an ancient symbol, can reveal some unknown aspects of the functions of this symbol, and also, it makes it possible to understand more precisely why this symbol is used. By using the analytical-comparative method and the mythological approach to cave and its functions in various texts, the authors of present article have tried to achieve a comprehensive classification of the cave images. Based on this classification, four functions have been defined for the symbol as follows: 1. the womb of the Land-Mother; 2. the inner world and unconscious; 3. the symbolic role of the initiation ritual; 4. the world. According to these definitions, the mythological representations of the cave in the poems of Manouchehr Atashi have been considered. The study of the symbol in Persian modernist poetry, including the poems of Atashi, on the one hand shows the extent of the influence of mythological thinking in the mind of modern man, and on the other hand, it can reveal the most frequent functions of the symbol in the poetry of this modern Persian poet. An examination of Manouchehr Atashi's poetry shows that the symbolic functions of the cave, which are related to ‘the inner world and unconscious’ as well as ‘renaissance and modernity’, can be seen in his poems with greater frequency.
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The Rite of Sacrifice in Biveh-koshi; A Study Based on the Ideas of Mircea Eliade
The concept of sacrifice is one of the major themes in Biveh-koshi (Widow Killing) a novel by Yousef Alikhani. It contributes to the coherence of the narrative and the sequence of events More
The Rite of Sacrifice in Biveh-koshi; A Study Based on the Ideas of Mircea Eliade
The concept of sacrifice is one of the major themes in Biveh-koshi (Widow Killing) a novel by Yousef Alikhani. It contributes to the coherence of the narrative and the sequence of events in the story. Various mythologists have studied the subject of sacrifice in the culture of different ethnic groups, including Mircea Eliade, who equates sacrifice with the act of creation and the necessity of life. He believes that nothing can be created without sacrifice. Biveh-koshi is a contemporary example of the rite of sacrifice. In the novel, the successive sacrifices of the seven sons of Hazratgholi and the sacrificing a lamb instead of a virgin girl are reminiscent of mythological idea of the rite of sacrifice. In the present study, the authors, by using an analytical-comparative approach, have first interpreted the main theories of Mircea Eliade about concepts such as the myth of creation, sacrificing and the initial perfection. Then, they have analyzed the elements of the rite of sacrifice in Biveh-koshi in order to explain the views of Eliade and to evaluate their compatibility with the narrative of the story. The results of the study show that the narrative of Biveh-koshi is a manifestation of the conflict between the myths of creation and fertility.
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The concept of the center plays a crucial role in understanding and explaining various phenomena in the universe. Many scholars rely on their perception of this concept to establish the ontological foundations of their respective disciplines. The present study employs a More
The concept of the center plays a crucial role in understanding and explaining various phenomena in the universe. Many scholars rely on their perception of this concept to establish the ontological foundations of their respective disciplines. The present study employs an analytical-comparative approach to examine the symbolic concept of the center, drawing upon the theories of two distinguished mythologists, namely Mircea Eliade and Carl Gustav Jung. The primary focus is to investigate the symbolic concept of the center as perceived by Eliade and Jung, and its manifestation in the external world. To address this query, the paper initially explores the perspectives of the two scholars concerning the world, man, and the relationship between them. Subsequently, the concept of the center in their epistemological framework is explained, and finally, the symbols associated with this concept in the external world, as introduced by their symbolic viewpoints, are presented. Eliade regards the center as the starting point of creation, where the various levels of existence are connected to each other. He introduces the cosmic pillar as a symbol of this concept. On the other hand, Jung seeks to understand the human psyche and introduces the archetype of self as the center of the psyche. The mandala is introduced as a symbol of this archetype in the external world.
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The story of Siavash in Shāhnāmeh is an epic with dramatic and tragic elements.Having mythic roots enables us to analyze it by using new approaches. One of these new approaches is Mircea Eliade’s ‘eternal return’according to which gods have especial ch More
The story of Siavash in Shāhnāmeh is an epic with dramatic and tragic elements.Having mythic roots enables us to analyze it by using new approaches. One of these new approaches is Mircea Eliade’s ‘eternal return’according to which gods have especial characters, their origin is uncertain, they are killed innocently in youth, their death is the beginning of changes and new developments, and after their death mysterious rites are formed concerning the death they had faced. With respect to features of Siavash and the rites held after his death, as mentioned in the epic, mythical and historical texts, it seems that he is one of these gods and a symbol of process of becoming. His soul is tired of passing time and wants to reborn by returning to eternal time; his believers reach to this ‘eternal return’ by attending in his mourning rituals through which each one become a Siavash.
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