List of Articles Microclimate

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  1 - Microclimate Conditions and Space Use Variations
  Hocine Boumaraf bdelmalek Tacherift
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  2 - Climatic Building Envelope Employed in Vernacular Residential Architecture in Golestan-Iran
  Hossein Soltanzadeh Maziar Ghaseminia
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  3 - Optimizing the Building Location Arrangement in Urban Block, in order to Achieve Heat Mitigation of Yards in Tehran
  Zahra Zamani شاهین حیدری پیروز حناچی
  10.22034/jest.2019.10909
  Background and Objective: Since modifying the outdoor condition has an impact on the indoor conditions, the objective of the present research is how to create the microclimate in the vicinity of the urban block. So this study shows that if the arrangement of the locatio More

  Background and Objective: Since modifying the outdoor condition has an impact on the indoor conditions, the objective of the present research is how to create the microclimate in the vicinity of the urban block. So this study shows that if the arrangement of the location of the buildings and yards in an urban block is changed in the form of central courtyard, the microclimate will be achieved. At the end the proposed urban block will be compared with actual urban block. Method: analysis method is simulation method with Envi-Met software. Findings: according to the simulation results in central courtyard and three sided courtyard in urban block under study and comparing them with the temperature in the lateral street in the same time frame, the temperature of the courtyard in hottest time of the day was 4.1 °C less than that of the street and three sided courtyard was 3.02 °C less than the street. Moreover, comparing the results of the one sided yard in actual urban block showed that approximately the temperature of the yard was as the same as the street. Discussion and Conclusion: This study concluded that the central courtyard and the three sided courtyard in proposed urban block can act as a microclimatic modifier. Future research can improve the microclimatic role of the proposed urban block with water and plants. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Study the Microclimatic Performance of the Courtyard in Tehran Climate (Case study: Memar Bashi Theological Seminary courtyard)
  Zahra Zamani Shahin Heidari Piruz Hanachi
  10.22034/jest.2020.11005
  Background and Objective: Since modifying the outdoor condition has an impact on the indoor conditions, the objective of the present research is to study the central courtyard as a passive solar strategy to create microclimate on a scale of an urban block in Tehran clim More

  Background and Objective: Since modifying the outdoor condition has an impact on the indoor conditions, the objective of the present research is to study the central courtyard as a passive solar strategy to create microclimate on a scale of an urban block in Tehran climate. By creating microclimate in the vicinity of the building, its thermal performance could be thus enhanced. In addition to comparing temperature in the courtyard with that of the outside the building, this research also studied the influence of water and plants in forming microclimate. Method: Analysis method is composed of investigating case studies, field measurements and simulation. Findings: According to the measurements conducted in four directions of the courtyard under study and comparing them with the temperature in the lateral street and the mean temperature recorded in Mehrabad Weather Station in the same time frame, the mean temperature of the courtyard was 4.52 °C less than that of the street and 4.01 °C less than that of Mehrabad Weather Station. Comparing results obtained from cold seasons show that temperature of the courtyard was 0.9 °C more than that of the outer space and 1.4 °C more than that recorded in Mehrabad Weather Station. Consequently, Memar Bashi Theological Seminary courtyard has functioned as a microclimate. Discussion and Conclusion: with an approximate difference of 0.3°C, simulation results confirm the microclimate function of Memar Bashi Theological Seminary courtyard. Comparisons between the influence of water and plants have also indicated that in the hot seasons, plant coverage could decrease the temperature by 0.9 °C more than what water does. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Diversity of Vegetation in Pardisan Forest Park and Climatic Adaptation of its Dominant Species in the Region
  Nematollah khorasani Farideh Atabi Maryam Afashari
  Background and Objective: The relation between a climate and its vegetation cover is a function of special condition. Climate is considered as one of important ecologic factors and has the most important effect on quality and quantity of vegetation cases. Selection of p More

  Background and Objective: The relation between a climate and its vegetation cover is a function of special condition. Climate is considered as one of important ecologic factors and has the most important effect on quality and quantity of vegetation cases. Selection of plants per improvement and recovery of each region should be simple implemented  based on the knowledge of that region concentration of special species of each region is determined by three factors namely temperature, precipitation and humidity, which today are named as biological variables. The goal of this study was to investigate diversity of vegetation in Pardisan forest park and climatic adaptation of its dominant species in the region. Method: In this research by collection of tremendous species of vegetation coverage of Pardisan Park, preliminary recognition of vegetation cover and collection of information such as their names, growth forms, dispersion and application in the land landscape was done. Given the Pardisan Park management didn't have any statistical data of the numeral and position of hand planted plants. The general location and areas of prevailing species of the park was determined and was marked on the map of the park by using GIS software. The frequency of each gens and of each family were ordered by each software. In next step after getting the information and statistics and the values of climate logical parameters related to geophysical station from meteorological organization, we studied them and analyzed their relation to the survival of prevailing species of the park. Results: Climatology and ambrotermic diagrams and curves were plotted based on climatic parameters and finally echo gram curves of dominant vegetation cover of Pardisan Park were analyzed based on climatology parameters. Conclusion: Results show that, given that there is no significant difference in the micro climate of different areas of the park, factors such as microclimate, soil, direction and amount of access of plants to water resources play the most important role in the diversity of vegetation even of Pardisan forest park. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Effect of Educational Building’s Direction on Cooling and Heating Loads in Different Regions
  Ali –Akbar Azemati Hossein Hosseini
  Introduction and AimDue to energy resources limitations it is necessary to optimize design of buildings in point of savingenergy. For this purpose, suitable direction of buildings is so important because of reducing of heating,cooling load and wasting energy in building More

  Introduction and AimDue to energy resources limitations it is necessary to optimize design of buildings in point of savingenergy. For this purpose, suitable direction of buildings is so important because of reducing of heating,cooling load and wasting energy in buildings. The goal of this research is the effect of direction inquantity of heating & cooling load in educational buildings.Method and DiscussionFor this purpose it's taken a sample school with the same physical & geometrical condition in variantmicroclimate. Then we use Carrier software for modeling of the building and consider direction effectby rotation of building in 22.5 degree and calculate heating and cooling loads.ConclusionWith comparison of revealed results, appropriate orientation of the buildings with regards to thermaland cooling loads and proper orientation from point of annual energy saving of the buildings indifferent regions of Iran is recommended. Manuscript profile
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  7 - The Impact of Urban microclimates on Environmental Comfort in Public open spaces (Case study: Fields at the end of Vakilabad, Mashhad)
  Farnosh Vazin Sanaz Saedi Monfared Toktam Hanaei
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  8 - The characteristics of the optimal sunlit space according to operative temperature and energy simulation in mountain villages (Case study: Shemiranat villages of Tehran)
  Sepideh Babazadeh Saloot , Mansoureh Tahbaz, Leila Karimifard, Seyed Amir Mansouri
  10.22094/lsj.2023.704901
  The alleys of the villages are the narrators of the people who were the creators of architecture not so long ago, which today is the study platform of many researchers for the settlement and construction of Iran.What causes this attention and importance is the achieveme More

  The alleys of the villages are the narrators of the people who were the creators of architecture not so long ago, which today is the study platform of many researchers for the settlement and construction of Iran.What causes this attention and importance is the achievement that is the result of years of life experience of rural people.In order to preserve and maintain the villages, it is inevitable to pay attention to harmony with the environment, landscape and climate and to use renewable energies instead of fossil fuels. This research deals with one of the most important and fundamental components of climate and environmental compatibility, that is, paying attention to solar energy in rural houses in cold and mountainous areas.Paying attention to the space of the sunny courtyard in the body of rural houses, although it is related to the architecture of the past; But paying attention to solar energy is not limited by time and the mutual and inevitable connection of local context and new constructions shows the important fact that in order to maintain kinship and connection between rural structures and to optimize and save energy consumption, reflection and attention to local patterns and creating links In the form of new and modern architecture, it is vital, important and valuable for the village.The main goal of this research is to identify and introduce the sunlit space and to express its role in creating a micro-climate in order to benefit from renewable solar energy and save energy.The basic and important question of this research is, what are the characteristics of a favorable and effective sunlit space in microclimate and what factors does it depend on? And what role does new architecture and construction have on the quality of the sunlit space, sometimes neglecting the solar envelope and creating unwanted shadows on the sunlit space of the vernacular houses?This research is an applied research in terms of its purpose and it is a qualitative-quantitative research in terms of its nature.Collecting the information of this research was done by library and documentary method and a significant part of it was done in the field and in the villages.The sample community in this research was the mountain villages of Shemiranat, Tehran, based on factors, 10 villages were selected, and after many observations in these villages, 40 native houses were visited, studied and analyzed. The studied statistical population, along with conversations and qualitative interviews with the villagers and residents of these native houses, a selected example with a dominant sunny courtyard, was simulated by Design Builder software in order to answer the problem and validate the local conversations. The design builder software that was used in this research is a building energy performance simulation user interface that uses the Energy Plus simulation engine. This tool calculates and analyzes the heat transfer from different levels of the building throughout the year and estimates the temperature of the indoor environment. In this way, by taking into account the type of facility system and taking into account the appropriate temperature of the environment, the amount of energy consumption of the building can be obtained.According to the results of the research and many examples observed in the mountain villages, the quality of the sunny courtyard and the extent of its influence in creating a microclimate are dependent on several factors that oblige the builders of rural housing to comply with the rules in construction.The idea of using the sunlit space is often suitable for climates that are cold and there is a need to intensify the flow of solar energy and heat into the building; Therefore, as much importance is given to energy absorption as it is to preserve it in the internal environment. Therefore, using a covered balcony, which the villagers do with experience, and cover the sun porches and courtyards with plastic in winter, will create an uncontrolled space (similar to a greenhouse) that will also contribute to the energy supply of the company. and it is very effective and by reducing the temperature difference, it will reduce heat loss; Therefore, in general, the issue of design should be looked at as a set of solutions, and definitely one element or factor alone will not guarantee ideal and optimal conditions. Manuscript profile
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  9 - Effects of Shrub Canopy on the Microclimate and Soil Properties of Steppe Rangeland
  Tahereh Sadeghi Shahrakht Mohammad Jankju Mansour Mesdaghi
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  10 - Estimation of the water requirement of several species of shrubs in the green space of Shiraz using the landscape plant factor
  Majid Abasizadeh mohammad shokrollahzadeh
  Today, the importance of water in maintaining life, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, is not hidden from anyone,.. There are various techniques to determine evaporation and transpiration, which include the use of empirical formulas, lysimeters, remote sensing and More

  Today, the importance of water in maintaining life, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, is not hidden from anyone,.. There are various techniques to determine evaporation and transpiration, which include the use of empirical formulas, lysimeters, remote sensing and satellite methods. It is micro-climatic technologies and methods of using plant transpiration coefficient. This research started in April 2014 and was completed by the middle of September 2014. Studies were conducted on three species of bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and oleander (Nerium oleander L.) located in the parks and boulevards of all 9 districts of Shiraz municipality. To calculate the rate of evaporation and transpiration of the target plant, first the rate of evaporation and transpiration of the reference plant was calculated using the data of the Shiraz synoptic station and the standard Penman-Mantis-FAO method, and then the coefficient (KL) was calculated based on the California method. This coefficient is the key factor in estimating the water requirement of green space. The highest rate of reference evaporation and transpiration is related to the months of August and July, respectively, and the lowest is related to the months of Bahman and January. . The highest water requirement is between June and October. In order to solve a large part of the lack of water resources mentioned, methods such as recycling and reuse of returned water, using non-conventional water sources (sewage, sewage, gray water, etc.) and surface water and runoff are suggested as solutions. Manuscript profile