List of Articles Memorandum of understanding

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  1 - Cooperation of Iran with the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals "CMS" in the form of Memorandums
  Ghazaleh Ketabdari Alireza Zaheri
  10.30495/jest.2023.64128.5553
  The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, also known as CMS or the Bonn Convention, is one of the most important international legally binding agreements on the conservation and management of migratory species. It is a treaty under which a More

  The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals, also known as CMS or the Bonn Convention, is one of the most important international legally binding agreements on the conservation and management of migratory species. It is a treaty under which all terrestrial, aquatic and avian migratory species are conserved. The CMS commits all States Parties, including Iran, to establish concerted action for migratory animals, and with the necessary infrastructure, emphasizes the basic principles of cooperation and prevention to protect migratory species throughout their migration and habitat. So far, seven legally binding agreements and nineteen executive memorandums of understanding have been concluded under the auspices of the CMS. In this article, these four memoranda of understanding have been studied. The present study, using a descriptive-analytical method, intends to examine how to implement the provisions of the CMS Convention, its legal and executive gaps and the challenges faced by emphasizing the situation of Iran. The findings of this study show that despite extensive activities and useful measures related to Iranian migratory species within the framework of these four agreements and in the light of cooperation with the CMS Convention, four decades after its establishment and more than two decades of cooperation with Iran, still the satisfactory results in the conservation status of many species is not fully performed. It is deserved that this part of the biodiversity of Iran should be protected and supported favorably by eliminating legal and executive weaknesses and employing efficient, wise and centralized management as well as the cooperation of all organs and the people. Manuscript profile