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Open Access Article
1 - Operation and empirical models to estimate erosion and Tvlydrsvb (Case Study castle area between the city Provinces.)
منصوره قوام محمود دره رودی علی البوعلیIncluding water resources and soil erosion processes that threaten the country. Erosion process is very complex and many factors are involved in it Kh most important climatic factors, land slope, PvshshGyahy, and how land is managed. Due to lack of information on the MoreIncluding water resources and soil erosion processes that threaten the country. Erosion process is very complex and many factors are involved in it Kh most important climatic factors, land slope, PvshshGyahy, and how land is managed. Due to lack of information on the area of the experimental method, four methods MPSIAC, EPM, FAO, BLM selection and evaluation of these four models in the domain of Kohgiluyeh Boyer Ahmad (the area between the castle) was performed. Cleans four basic models of erosion and deposition model to quantify and the other two as a qualitative estimate erosion. Based on annual erosion rate MPSIAC 59/3 tons per hectare per year and areas for EPM 76/2 tons per hectare per year, respectively. In the method, FAO, BLM final scores for all domains related to the erosion of 9/55 and 9/47, respectively, the average was calculated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Relation between Drainage Density and soil Erosion rate (Case study: five watersheds in Ardebil Province, Iran)
ابوالفضل معینی Nazafarin Karami Zarandi Ebrahim PaziraDrainage density is one of the parameters that can be considered as an indicator of erosion rate. This study analysed the relation between drainage density and soil erosion in five watersheds in Iran. The drainage density was measured using satellite images, aerial phot MoreDrainage density is one of the parameters that can be considered as an indicator of erosion rate. This study analysed the relation between drainage density and soil erosion in five watersheds in Iran. The drainage density was measured using satellite images, aerial photos, and topographic maps by Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies. MPSIAC model was employed in a GIS environment to create soil erosion maps using data from meteorological stations, soil surveys, topographic maps, satellite images and results of other relevant studies. Then the correlation between drainage density and erosion rate was measured. T.The results indicate that the relationship between these two factors improved when the types of sheet erosion, mechanical erosion and mass erosion was ignored because these types of erosion were not mainly influenced by the power of runoff. There was a high correlation between drainage density and erosion in most of the watersheds. Finally a significant relationship was seen between drainage density and erosion in all watersheds. Based on the results obtained, the present method for distinguishing soil erosion was effective and can be used for operational erosion monitoring in other watersheds with the same climate characteristics in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Evaluation of soil erosion and sediment yield in Namdan basin using MPSIAC and GIS Model
محمد ابراهیم عفیفیThe Flat and low slope morphology of Namdan and its margin springs have made Shadkam River less accessible in the middle parts. Thus the agricultural development in this area is difficult. Namdan has a deep alluvial sedimentary basin and the thickness of sediments is pr MoreThe Flat and low slope morphology of Namdan and its margin springs have made Shadkam River less accessible in the middle parts. Thus the agricultural development in this area is difficult. Namdan has a deep alluvial sedimentary basin and the thickness of sediments is predicted about 100 meters. Soil is an important natural resources and its erosion causes the serious vulnerability in social and economic development as well as environmental hazards. In this article, the quality of sedimentation in Namdan basin has been evaluated using GIS and MPSIAC model. The first goal of this study is the Zonation of sedimentation in terms of sediment production in studied area and the second is to calculate the quality of sedimentation (QS), total sediment production and their classifieds in the basin. The results of basin zonation are classified in high, medium, and low erosion class. Also, the zonation with high sedimentation from North West to South East of the basin in Shadkam River, where type of lithology and land cover are rivers and waterways, alluvial deposits, silty clay, sand and rubber, is seen Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Effect of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production (Case Study: Watershed Vers Qazvin province)
Mehrdad Esfandiari Abolfazl Moeini Rahele MoqadasiIn recent years, the interaction of land use change with soil erosion has become a major environmental concern and has a dramatic impact on soil erosion and sediment yield. In this research the impact of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production o MoreIn recent years, the interaction of land use change with soil erosion has become a major environmental concern and has a dramatic impact on soil erosion and sediment yield. In this research the impact of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production of the basin vers in Qazvin province was investigated using MPSIAC erosion model by Geographical Information System (GIS). The different forms of erosion (Surface, Rill, gully, bank, Stream) can be seen as moderate to severe in vers watershed. Amount of sediment for the whole of watershed was 7.1 ton per hectare per year and the amount erosion was 7.04 tons per hectare per year. Dryland farming with 2.14 (metric tons per hectare per year) has the greatest impact on erosion and sediment yield. In pasture (type 3) and dry farming have very high sediment yield and indicated the improper use of land. Sediment produced on pasture (Type 1) Less than a garden land use that reflects the positive impact of proper pasture vegetation in reducing the amount of erosion and deposition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Evaluating the Effects of Run off on Khadijeh Khatoun Basin Using MPSIAC Model
Hamidreza Pazouki Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi Hossein BabazadehBackground and Objective: Unfortunately, in recent decade, due to land use change and vegetation cover degradation, most of the rainfall changed into run off and causes abundant loss of life and property by creating enormous floods. The purpose of this evaluation was to MoreBackground and Objective: Unfortunately, in recent decade, due to land use change and vegetation cover degradation, most of the rainfall changed into run off and causes abundant loss of life and property by creating enormous floods. The purpose of this evaluation was to study the run off impacts on the erosion of the catchment area using the MPSIAC model.Method: For this purpose, the basic information and maps of the Khadijeh Khatoon basin in 2018 such as topographic and geology maps were collected. Then the calculation steps of nine model factors including surface geology or metrology, soil, climate, run off, topography, land cover, land use, current erosion and river erosion, and erosion and Sediment is estimated. Finally, the relationship between runoff and erosion of the basin was determined and the model of erosion and sediment estimation from runoff was determined.Findings: The results of this study showed that the amount of soil erosion is equal to 5806.97 tons per year and is 3.58 tons per hectare per year. If the value of one ton of agricultural land is equal to 50 US dollars and if the condition of erosion is available, the value of 5806.97 tons per year is equal to 290348.5 US dollars, which is equal to 11613.9 million Rials. The MPSIAC's seventh and eighth factor basins are the most effective factors.Discussion and Conclusion: This conclusion suggests that pastures around Khadijeh Khatoun are not well-conditioned due to over-capacity utilization, and the whole of the region's pastures due to climatic conditions. Also, the results showed that the runoff factor had a linear correlation of 0.98 with erosion, which indicates that the higher the runoff, the increase in the amount of erosion and deposition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - برآورد فرسایش و رسوب حوضه بالادست سد وشمگیر
وحید یزدانی سپیده یکه باش امیر حسین آقاخانی افشاربه دلیل اهمیت آب و نقش حیاتی آن در زندگی انسان، مطالعات رودخانه­ای و به تبع آن مطالعه بر روی حوضه­های آبریز ضروری به نظر می­رسند. استان گلستان با مساحت 20437 کیلومترمربع بین عرض جغرافیایی ΄24 ˚36 تا ΄0 ˚38 شمالی و ΄51 ˚53 تا ΄14 ˚56 شرقی واقع شده است. گرگان Moreبه دلیل اهمیت آب و نقش حیاتی آن در زندگی انسان، مطالعات رودخانه­ای و به تبع آن مطالعه بر روی حوضه­های آبریز ضروری به نظر می­رسند. استان گلستان با مساحت 20437 کیلومترمربع بین عرض جغرافیایی ΄24 ˚36 تا ΄0 ˚38 شمالی و ΄51 ˚53 تا ΄14 ˚56 شرقی واقع شده است. گرگانرود یکی از مهمترین رودخانه­های استان گلستان به شمار میرود و در تمامی دشت گرگان جریان داشته و آن را به دو قسمت تقسیم میکند. سطح حوضه آبگیر آن به مساحت 10250 کیلومترمربع میباشد. گام اصلی و مهم در مطالعات فرسایش و رسوب به روش تجربی، تعیین و شناسایی اشکال، و سیمای فرسایش است. در این مرحله نقشههای مختلف شامل شبکه آبراهه، شیب، زمینشناسی، ژئومورفولوژی، خاکشناسی و کاربری اراضی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت؛ و نقشه واحد کاری منطقه مشخص و با تفسیر عکس­های هوایی و بازدید­های میدانی نقشه تدقیق گردید. جهت برآورد میزان فرسایش و رسوب در زیرحوضه­ها از مدل MPSIAC استفاده شد. طبق بررسی­های میدانی صورت گرفته و نتایج بدست آمده انواع فرسایش­ها، در سطح مورد مطالعه به وقوع پیوسته است. طبق بررسی­های صورت گرفته بیشترین فرسایش در زیر حوضه با کد 1625220 (بار بستر 62/3 و با معلق 47/14) و کمترین فرسایش در زیر حوضه با کد 1624210 (بار بستر 32/0 و بار معلق 3/1) بود. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده نسبت تحویل رسوب در زیر حوضه­های مورد بررسی بین حداکثر 6/23 الی 6/39 درصد می‎باشد. در همین راستا میزان رسوب ویژه بین 6/1 الی 1/18 و فرسایش ویژه بین 9/4 الی 3/58 تن در هکتار در سال متغیر بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigation of mechanisms of erosion and sediment studies in Afjeh and Lavarak sub-basins using experimental models and compare them with geostatic methods
Zahra Najm Khalil Rezaei Seyed Hamid Vaziri Ali Naeimi Nezam AbadAfjeh and Lavarak sub-basins each with area of 4651,95 and 10557,2 hectare are located at south border ofcentral Alborz at north-eastern of Tehran. Various formations basically contains Shaly, Sandstone, Conglomerateand tuff lithology, covered this region more than igne MoreAfjeh and Lavarak sub-basins each with area of 4651,95 and 10557,2 hectare are located at south border ofcentral Alborz at north-eastern of Tehran. Various formations basically contains Shaly, Sandstone, Conglomerateand tuff lithology, covered this region more than igneous rocks. In Afjeh sub-basin, Barout formation with theage of Cambrian and in Lavarak sub-basin, Mila formation with the age of middle and late Cambrian, are theoldest available stones and the newer stone units belong to Quaternary period in each of them. The purpose ofthis research is to compare MPSIAC and EPM models in calculation of sediments supply and soil erosion, usingGIS techniques. To achieve the goals, effects of lithology, soil texture and geological conditions on sedimentproduction were considered by sedimentological and petrographic studies. Finally with use geostatisticaloperations, two models were compared. The results show that the most values of erosion are in Shaly, Marly,weathered tuff and alluvial deposits Parts of sub watersheds correlated with sensitive formations such as Karajand Quaternary sediments. Based on map of MPSIAC model more than 75% of the total sub watersheds areawas classified at class IV of erosion category with high sedimentation. Sub-basin’s erosion were calculated as769.3 and 583.21 m2/km3 per year in Afjeh and Lavarak sub-basins by MPSIAC and 701.3 and 543.2 m2/km3 peryear by EPM models, respectively. The results of statistical compare of erosion of MPSIAC and EPM modelsshow that, there is no significant different between erosion estimate by MPSIAC model and real erosionmeasure, but the erosion estimate by EPM model have a significant different. So MPSIAC model may havebetter performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Determining the sensitivity to erosion (Medan watershed)
Ghorban Vahhabzadeh پیام EbrahimiThe uses of the sediment and erosion models are the most suitable methods to estimate the soil loss rate ina watershed. In this research 4 method of Fargas, BLM, MPSIAC, Feiznia tables and Hunt Boweninfiltrations method were used to calculate the soil loss rate in diffe MoreThe uses of the sediment and erosion models are the most suitable methods to estimate the soil loss rate ina watershed. In this research 4 method of Fargas, BLM, MPSIAC, Feiznia tables and Hunt Boweninfiltrations method were used to calculate the soil loss rate in different work units of Alamoot Medanwatershed in Qhazvin province. The areas which were effective in soil loss were determined with thesemethods and then results were compared to each other. Results showed that the models Fargas, MPSIACand BLM with grades of 40.75, 50.81 and 43.73 have close mean to each other and mean erodibility.Feiznia table evaluated the region more erodible and infiltration was determined slowly by Hunt Bowen.Moreover, based on the hydrological response the sub watershed 4 with an area of 2292.308 hectare and 1with an area of 1389.06 hectare had most effects when flood happened. For operational programs tocontrol erosion and sediment production in region it is recommended that in first priority must be subwatershed 4 and 1. If the purpose is runoff penetration and preventing flood sub watershed 4 with an areaof 2734.827 hectare and 1 with an area of 1544.648 hectare and 2 with an area of 680.386 must berespectively first priority Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Sediment and erosion studies using experimental models and compare them using statistical methods in Kan and Darakeh subbasins
Nastaran Keyhani Khalil Rezaei Seyed Hamid Vaziri Ali Naeimi Nezam AbadOne of the major problems in the integrated management of watersheds is soil erosion and Sediment. The controlof this problem requires precise studies; quantitative data to determine critical and prone to erosion areas. Thus,an analysis of rate of erosion and sediment p MoreOne of the major problems in the integrated management of watersheds is soil erosion and Sediment. The controlof this problem requires precise studies; quantitative data to determine critical and prone to erosion areas. Thus,an analysis of rate of erosion and sediment production using GIS techniques and experimental methods, such asEPM and MPSIAC seems necessary. In this study, we tried to use these two models to determine the amount ofsediment and erosion-prone areas in the two sub watersheds overlooking the city of Tehran; Kan and Darakeh torecognize where necessary for conservation operations. Finally with use geostatics operations, two models werecompared. The results show the most values of erosion are in Tuffy, Shaly Parts of sub watersheds correlatedwith sensitive formation such as Karaj. Based on map of MPSIAC model more than 50% of the total subwatersheds area was classified at class high of erosion category with 373.78 m3∕km2 per year for Kan and 483m3∕km2 per year for Darakeh sedimentation. Sub-basins’ erosion were calculated as 683.2 m3∕km2 per year forKan and 792.5 m3∕km2 per year for Darakeh by EPM models. The results of statistical compare of erosion ofMPSIAC and EPM models show that, there is no significant different between erosion estimate by MPSIACmodel and real erosion measure, but the erosion estimate by EPM model have a significant different. SomMPSIAC model may have better performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Assessment of soil erosion and watershed prioritization using empirical models EPM and MPSIAC (Case Study: Aro watershed)
reza bayat maryam rostamiAbstract Identification, evaluation and prioritization of different areas can produce valuable information for the watershed comprehensive plans, soil conservation and mitigation of the erosion types based on amoun MoreAbstract Identification, evaluation and prioritization of different areas can produce valuable information for the watershed comprehensive plans, soil conservation and mitigation of the erosion types based on amount of erosion and sedimentation. This study used the MPSIAC and EPM models as a comparison and prioritization to estimate erosion and sediment in the Aro Watershed Basin. Required data regarding the natural characteristics of studying the watershed basin was provided from comprehensive studies of Hableh-Rood basin and field studies. By using the required factors, the amount of erosion was calculated in both the models. In the MPSIAC model, erosion was calculated to be 451 m3/km2/y, whereas sediment was calculated as 233 m3/km2/y. However, the rate of erosion in the EPM model was estimated to be 378 m3/km2/y and for sediment, it was 200 m3/km2/y. The results showed that in some subbasins there was good correlation between the MPSIAC and EPM models, however in areas with high erosion the EPM model has less certainty than the MPSIAC model. The highest area was moderate class in the both of models and both of erosion and sediment in terms of spatial distribution. The results showed that EPM and MPSIAC model have not good agreement in the all classes. Prioritization of the hydrologic units showed that A4 unit in the EPM model and A-1-4-3 unit in the MPSIAC model allocated maximum of amount of erosion and deposition, in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Sensitivity Analysis of MPSIAC Model
Najmeh Behnam Mansoor Parehkar Ebrahim Pazira
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