List of Articles Legends

• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  1 - The Comparative Mythological Study of “Cows” in Different Nations’ Myths
  Seyyed Karim Sajadi Rad sedighe Sajadi Rad
  Religion and mythology of any nation cannot be understood apart from its historical context; and myths are the representative of the cultural background and the beliefs and thoughts of different nations. The relationship between humans and animals, humans and the gods h More

  Religion and mythology of any nation cannot be understood apart from its historical context; and myths are the representative of the cultural background and the beliefs and thoughts of different nations. The relationship between humans and animals, humans and the gods has been of a special importance in mythology and ancient traditions. Among these “cows” have been received more attention due to their characteristics and special features. This article examines the status of cows in mythology and folklore mythology and for their importance in Iran and some other nations, including Egypt, China, Greece, India and ... ; because when a literary work is compared with another one and each of them is evaluated in comparison with the other, they would indicate a deeper meaning. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  2 - The Epic "Hell revolution" in Jamil Sidqi Azzahawi’s poem
  Samad Soleymani Rahmatollah Heydari manesh
  Saga is considered of the oldest types of poetry at the ancient nations, and of the richest world literature. And as we know contemporary Arabic literature is of the richest and the most well-known in the art of epic Literature and many of contemporary writers More

  Saga is considered of the oldest types of poetry at the ancient nations, and of the richest world literature. And as we know contemporary Arabic literature is of the richest and the most well-known in the art of epic Literature and many of contemporary writers and poets were interested in epic poetry. Jamil Sidqi Azzahawi is considered one of the greatest epic poetry poets and among the most famous contemporary poets. The study of epic poetry, which is one of the finest, and richest, and oldest arts literature is of a great importance. As we study the epic poetry, we see the story of championships and legends in it. To study the epic in the Diwan of Jamil Sidqi Azzahawi is of a great importance. And the epic "hell revolution" is of the best poetic epics in contemporary Arabic literature. Because it is an epic dealing with literary issues, as well as historical, religious, political, ethical, and mythical issues in the community. And it puts in front of the reader and listener a mythical model, and a fictitious or realistic hero. And it’s the epic that hasn’t got any attention, and from this viewpoint this article deals with its study. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  3 - Analysis of fictional elements in the Bakhtiari imaginative myths (Case Study: Sparrow Tale with Farsani Local Accents)
  Hamzeh Mohammadi Dehcheshme Hamid Rezaei Elham Mahmoodi
  10.30495/irll.2020.675324
  Bakhtiari myths are narrated in simple language and it appeared so close to Farsi language, which combined with local one. However, in expressing other aspects of public literature, ie, tongues and proverbs, myths and stories, the main source of narration is the dialect More

  Bakhtiari myths are narrated in simple language and it appeared so close to Farsi language, which combined with local one. However, in expressing other aspects of public literature, ie, tongues and proverbs, myths and stories, the main source of narration is the dialect of the area in question. Bakhtiari tales have semantic and structural similarities to linguistic proximity and the legends of the central regions of Iran. Regarding a few changes to these myths, most of them can be converted to a potential source of material for most audiences even in other regions. Apart from the importance of collecting such stories in the field of anthropology, sociology, social history of ethnic groups, etc., in terms of language, the inclusion of syntax, vocabulary and type of pronunciation, they have great importance in the structure of the tales. It is possible to record the syntax, vocabulary and pronunciation of their syllables by preserving and recording the stories. Moreover, in a period, it tends to use the official language to help disappearing dialects; accordingly, in this research one of the local myths of Bakhtiari (Sparrow story) has been collected and translated into Persian accent. Then, considering the descriptive method and content analysis, the story elements in this story have been analyzed. Due to the disappearance of many dialects and the new ones, the purpose of the present research is to preserve the stories and dialect used among them. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  4 - Structural analysis of ten stories from “Azerbaijan Local legends” based on Vladimir Propp's theory
  Masoumeh khalilno Aliabad Hamidreza Farzi Rostam Amani Astmal
  10.30495/irll.2023.1976731.1541
  The famous formalist, Vladimir Propp, began the structural analysis of the folkloric stories in 1928 by investigation 100 Russian stories. His model in recent years was studied as one of the common methods of structural analysis of the nation’s stories. Since the More

  The famous formalist, Vladimir Propp, began the structural analysis of the folkloric stories in 1928 by investigation 100 Russian stories. His model in recent years was studied as one of the common methods of structural analysis of the nation’s stories. Since the Azerbaijani stories, such as folklores with their great and rich precedence, have not investigated structurally, we have tried to study these stories with structural patterns. To do so, ten Azerbaijani Local legends from Samad Behranghi and Behrooz Dehghani selected and edited from Azarbaijani Legends Book and then they were analyzed according to Vladimir Propp theory. In this research, repetition, omission, lack of succession of the functions are obvious and 6-pair related to the studied stories were obtained which do not show complete compatibility with Propp theory. However, by achieving 29 functions from 31 Propp functions, it can found conformity of Propp theory with Azerbaijan legends. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  5 - -
  اکرم رحمانی علیرضا اقدامی
  Majma- olbahrain , the meeting point between Aghabeh Gulf and Soez Gulf , on the basis of old and West Semitic geography is the meeting point of two seas and the end of the world which reach together in the sky and the earth . These two seas refer to two per –crea More

  Majma- olbahrain , the meeting point between Aghabeh Gulf and Soez Gulf , on the basis of old and West Semitic geography is the meeting point of two seas and the end of the world which reach together in the sky and the earth . These two seas refer to two per –creational and legendavy seas which have been called the worlds "up in the sky " and " underneath " and are not considered the material world . According to Islam , In Majma – olbahrain is a character who is calld Khezr or " The old " whose responsibility is to bring the way favers from dangerous valleys to this place . In the school of Sufism and Mysticism , Majma – olbahrain has meanings such as the way favers heart , the house of the way favers of the truth , the cave of Kahf companions , the sea of the meanings and senses , the sea of the invisible and evidence , the sea of possibility and obligations and the sea of prophethood and Imamate . This study aims to describe the geographical , legendavy , religious , and mystic position of the term " Majma – olbahrain " . The writer of this study has tried to discuss and ana lyze different meanings of this term and give the readers in formation about this place and the truth of its existence. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  6 - Leopard in Mythological Beliefs of Semnan Province; Based on the Folklore Legends of Parvar and Shahmirzad Districts
  Neda Imani Khoshkhoo Esmat Esmaili
  Folklore legends are on the border of imagination and reality; they have a common border with world of myth and are neighbor of real world. The common themes of folklore legends indicate their mythological common contents. Analysis of secrets and signs of legends and my More

  Folklore legends are on the border of imagination and reality; they have a common border with world of myth and are neighbor of real world. The common themes of folklore legends indicate their mythological common contents. Analysis of secrets and signs of legends and myths helps to know their cultural development and formation. In the present article, we try to analyze a symbol in legends and myths of Semnan province, and to examine a common symptom in eastern myths. There is a strong resemblance between stories of goddesses and two legends belong to Shahmirzad and Parvar (in Semnan province) in symbol of "leopard". In these legends, leopard distances from its wild nature and becomes a guardian, and accompanies symbolically the main character of the legends that is a "woman". The legends show the mythological beliefs of people of this district about the animal. Given the relationship between leopard and goddesses in the myths, we can say that leopard is a symbol of a goddess in the legend of Parvar, and in the legend of Shamirzad, it is a symbol of guard as well as goddess. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  7 - The Reflection of Mithraic Beliefs on Lori Legends
  Sodābeh Keshāvarzi Zarrintāj Vāredi
  Mithraism, as one of the oldest religions in the world, dates back to the pre-Zoroastrian era. Mithra is god of covenant and light; he is opposed to chaos, drought, disobedience and lie, and is known as a warrior. Due to the specific characteristics of this god, Mithrai More

  Mithraism, as one of the oldest religions in the world, dates back to the pre-Zoroastrian era. Mithra is god of covenant and light; he is opposed to chaos, drought, disobedience and lie, and is known as a warrior. Due to the specific characteristics of this god, Mithraism spread in many parts of Iran. Surviving legends in some parts of Iran have mythological themes and are rooted in some religious beliefs. In the present research, by using descriptive-analytical method, the influence of Mithraic beliefs on Lori legends is examined. We study the legends that have been written in Persian language and have been collected from Lorestan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, and Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. The reader will realize that some of the mythological and religious beliefs of Mithraism, while maintaining their functionality, and some others through transformations, have taken root in Lori legends. Some of these beliefs are as follows: how to be born, warfare, fertility, and phenomena related to sun, cock, crow, eagle, soldier, fire, number seven and cow. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
  • Abstract Page
  • Full-Text
  
  8 - Analysis of mythological beliefs in Sistani's stories and legends
  mohammad fatemimanesh
  10.30495/mmlq.2023.707418
  Mythological beliefs are a set of views that have a lifetime throughout human history and are the source of many customs and traditions that modern humans have adjusted their interactions and relationships with others based on. These mythological beliefs, which are very More

  Mythological beliefs are a set of views that have a lifetime throughout human history and are the source of many customs and traditions that modern humans have adjusted their interactions and relationships with others based on. These mythological beliefs, which are very important from an anthropological point of view, have been manifested in many sociological, artistic and literary fields, and one can easily find their signs among various human phenomena. Among the areas that are one of the main manifestations of mythological beliefs are native and local legends and stories; Elements that require serious attention due to their close relationship with myths; A problem that has been taken into consideration in this research and based on which the author has tried to analyze the mythological beliefs in Sistani's stories and legends by descriptive-analytical method. The results of this research show that beliefs such as belief in duality and conflict of opposites, sanctity of sleep and dreams, Farah Yazidi, belief in Utopia and sanctity of the bones of the dead are among the most important mythological beliefs in Sistani's stories and legends. They are the result of the unbreakable connection of the people of Sistan with the ancient culture of ancient Iran and also the Scythian culture. Manuscript profile