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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Analysis of the Train Metaphor in Ana Karenina Novel Based on the Model of Lakoff and Johnson’s Conceptual Metaphors
        Parisa Changizi Hoseinali Nozari
        Philosophers and historians of science believe in a particular metaphor for every century in the history of science. Meanwhile, the nineteenth century is under the metaphor of the train, which is the embodiment of the steam engine. On the other hand, at the same time, t More
        Philosophers and historians of science believe in a particular metaphor for every century in the history of science. Meanwhile, the nineteenth century is under the metaphor of the train, which is the embodiment of the steam engine. On the other hand, at the same time, the metaphor of the train plays a decisive role in nineteenth-century literature and it becomes one of the factors on which the plot of the story is based. So in the nineteenth century, the metaphor of the train, which is a tangible form of the steam engine for people, spread everywhere and it found a decisive role in the nineteenth-century literature. This metaphor becomes one of the factors on which the plot of the story is based. After introducing the train metaphor as the dominant metaphor in nineteenth-century science and literature, the paper analyzes the metaphor in Anna Karenina's novel by theme analysis strategy and based on the theory of Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphors. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - A comparative criticism of the classification of conceptual metaphors from lakoff and Johnson view with new classification with evidence from Afghani and Ishiguro works.
        Sanaz Taghipoury hajebi Kamran Pashaie fakhri parvaneh Adelzadeh
        The present study, examination and compares the contemporary view of metaphor against its new classification.The contemporary theory of metaphors which was systematic put forward by lakoff and Johnson, the study of metaphor transformed in to a conceptual metaphor that i More
        The present study, examination and compares the contemporary view of metaphor against its new classification.The contemporary theory of metaphors which was systematic put forward by lakoff and Johnson, the study of metaphor transformed in to a conceptual metaphor that is at the core of cognitive linguistics that encompasses the purpose of human thought and experience. Most recently due to the lack of categorization of some mapping names, a new classification was introduced by Afrashi and Hesami (1392), who introduced the structural and ontological classes in to three new Categories: objective to subjective, subjective to subjective and objective to objectiveThe purpose of the present study is to review and criticality two conceptual metaphorical perspective and to express their similarities and differences with some evidence of Afghani and IshiGuro.The research method is descriptive - analytical.The finding of the study showed that although the application of lakoff and Johnson classification is the basis of much of the current research, in some cases it is not sufficiently responsive in classifying metaphors, Therefore the new classification is more efficient. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Analyzing the Conceptual Metaphors of Light in The Second Book of Masnavi Ma’Navi
        Mohammadzaman Lalezari Shabnam Hatampour Farzaneh Sorkhi
        Lakoff and Johnson's research in the field of metaphor proved that the uses of metaphor are not limited to the field of literary studies and are rooted in human thought that one of the manifestations of it is language. Conceptual metaphor is a term in cognitive linguist More
        Lakoff and Johnson's research in the field of metaphor proved that the uses of metaphor are not limited to the field of literary studies and are rooted in human thought that one of the manifestations of it is language. Conceptual metaphor is a term in cognitive linguistics that explains most of the metaphors around us along with the origin-destination pattern. In Masnavi, Rumi has used the conceptual metaphor of light as a linguistic tool to expand cognitive meanings and concepts. This research answers the question through a descriptive-analytical method: How does the contemporary theory of cognitive linguistics match the conceptual metaphor of light in Masnavi? Finally, we concluded that the conceptual metaphor of light refers to the absolute essence of Hazrat Haqq, the mirror of guidance, the guide of the religion, the sun of truth, and the expression of Ana al-Haqq (I am the Truth) of selected saints. Due to the large volume of Masnavi's hundred verses, a statistical sample was selected from the second book, in which the word "light" is used 122 times. Manuscript profile