List of Articles Greenhouse gas emission

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  1 - Management of energy carrier’s consumption and emission of pollutants using the Leap model in Lea Industrial Park of Qazvin province
  mohammadsaied mohammadi Seyed Mostafa Khezri Alireza Vafaeinejad
  10.30495/jest.2022.58253.5274
  Background and Objective: Industrial-economic development in developing countries has created a double need for greater access to energy carriers compared to developed countries. In addition, improving living standards in developing societies in recent decades has led t More

  Background and Objective: Industrial-economic development in developing countries has created a double need for greater access to energy carriers compared to developed countries. In addition, improving living standards in developing societies in recent decades has led to an increase in the demand for energy carriers for access to greater facilities and amenities. In this study, the effect of applying different policies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and energy savings in Iranian industries has been investigated and evaluated by the energy planning model. Material and Methodology: First the input values of various energy sources such as gas, electricity and fossil fuels in the industrial production process were investigated. Then, the factors affecting the production of greenhouse gases in industries were identified, then the past trend and the current state of Iranian industries and government policies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions as well as the development of new energy efficiency technologies in industry were used to estimate energy demand. In line with this goal, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in a baseline scenario in accordance with the continuation of the current trend (BAU) in current industries and also to determine the current and future demand of Iranian industries during the years 2019 to 2035 has been studied. Findings: four alternative scenarios of energy saving technologies and reduction of carbon dioxide emissions were considered, including industry development and capacity building, possible increase in fuel and electricity prices, implementation of fuel consumption standards, and use of CHP technologies for a period of 15 years. Therefore, the combined implementation of these two policies will lead to a reduction of 8 million tons of emissions (equivalent to a 13% reduction in emissions) equivalent to total CO2. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that the total CO2 emissions equivalent to the industry will increase from 61 million tons in the baseline scenario to 53 million tons in the 2035 emission reduction scenario. However, due to the implementation of the fuel change policy, the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions has been reduced to 58 million tons (equivalent to 4.9% reduction) and also the implementation of energy efficiency policy has led to the emission of 55 million tons (equivalent to 9.8% reduction) equivalent CO2 will run until 2035. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Long-term energy planning in industrial towns for the establishment of CHP projects (Lia industrial town case study)
  mohammadsaied mohammadi Seyed Mostafa Khezri ali reza vafainezhad
  10.30495/jest.2023.70319.5775
  Background and Objective: In recent decades, the improvement of living standards in developing societies has led to an increase in the demand of energy carriers (gas and electricity) in order to access more facilities and welfare. This study has been carried out with th More

  Background and Objective: In recent decades, the improvement of living standards in developing societies has led to an increase in the demand of energy carriers (gas and electricity) in order to access more facilities and welfare. This study has been carried out with the aim of long-term energy planning in industrial cities for the establishment of CHP[1] projects, reducing energy consumption, using the heat resulting from energy consumption in different parts of production and the effect of different policies to reduce carbon dioxide. Material and Methodology: In line with the implementation of the study, firstly, the input values of different fuels in the industries and the effective factors in the consumption and heat demand in the industries were investigated based on the reference scenario, then the plans of the industries and government policies to reduce fuel consumption and the use of production heat. In line with this goal, the amount of fuel consumed in a base scenario (BAU)[2] in the existing industries in Leya industrial town (Qazvin province) was investigated during the years 2016 to 2019.    Findings: The current and future productions in the country's industries and the investigation of energy consumption and usable heat generation during the use of fuel in the country's industries were determined by the LEAP[3] model in the base scenario. Then, the alternative methods of energy saving and the use of produced heat and the use of CHP technologies have been investigated for a period of 15 years. In 1414, about 30% of electricity and heat consumption is provided by CHP. Due to the replacement of CHP systems, the consumption of natural gas in the industrial sector will increase by 3% and the price of crude oil and petroleum products will decrease. Discussion and conclusion: The result of the simulation in the exploitation of the CHP system resource usage scenario for the next 15 years (1414), by LEAP software, shows that all the primary energy carriers in Lea Industrial City will reach the reference state and in the year 1414 with a reduction of about 30% in domestic electricity consumption from the public electricity network and its production by CHP systems     4- Combined Heat and Power 5- Business as Usual 6- Lang – Rang Energy Alternatives Planning System Manuscript profile
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  3 - Evaluation of municipal solid waste final disposal scenarios through life cycle assessment and analytic hierarchy process methods (Case study: Tehran)
  Somayeh Khan Pouraghdam Mehdi Ghanbarzadeh Lak Mehrdad Mohtadi Mohammad Reza Sabour
  10.22034/jest.2019.13949
    Background and Objective: An integrated model of life cycle assessment and hierarchical analysis was developed to determine the best practical method for municipal solid waste disposal. The model used for environmental and technical assessments of scenarios inclu More

    Background and Objective: An integrated model of life cycle assessment and hierarchical analysis was developed to determine the best practical method for municipal solid waste disposal. The model used for environmental and technical assessments of scenarios included (A) landfilling of wastes without energy extraction; (B) waste incineration with energy recovery and ash burial; and (C) production of compost from the organic components and landfilling other wastes. Method: In order to conduct environmental assessments, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) was estimated by life cycle of the disposal method. Technical evaluations were carried out based on the hierarchical analysis method and a survey of experts. In order to analyze the results of the proposed model, Tehran city in Iran was selected as a case study. Findings: The highest greenhouse gas emissions occurred in scenario A, and the lowest was associated with scenario B. Maximum discounts on emissions from burning putrescible wastes, paper and cardboards were obtained in scenario B. In contrast, landfilling of such wastes in scenarios A and C was the main source of methane production. Although the incineration of plastic wastes might lead to more energy extraction in scenario B, the generation of non-biological CO2 had an incremental effect on GHG emissions. Scenarios A and C had a relatively high superiority over scenario B from the perspective of most technical criteria, but the probability of leachate in these scenarios reduced their technical advantages. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the combination of evaluations, the method of landfilling without energy extraction is the most inappropriate option, and waste incineration with energy extraction leads to the lowest greenhouse gas emissions and is technically acceptable. Manuscript profile
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  4 - A Scenario-Based Robust Compromise Programming Approach for Design of Bioethanol and Electricity Supply Chain in Iran
  Babak Rostami-Ranjbar Mohammad Saidi-Mehrabad
  10.22094/joie.2022.1953244.1941
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  5 - Optimization of petroleum condensate supply chain using mathematical modeling and simulation
  Hamidreza Mahmoudi Morteza Bazrafshan Mohadeseh Ahmadipour
  10.30495/jmemiau.2023.706604
  In this research, a framework for optimizing the oil condensate supply chain is designed using mathematical programming and simulation. Based on this framework, investment and operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions for oil and gas transmission lines can be minimiz More

  In this research, a framework for optimizing the oil condensate supply chain is designed using mathematical programming and simulation. Based on this framework, investment and operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions for oil and gas transmission lines can be minimized to meet pressure and transmission network needs. We can also minimize the production of pollutants in the related parts of the chain. By applying a real case study, all possible decisions are taken into account to consider the environmental aspects of the supply chain. Therefore, the structure and decisions of the supply chain are generally based on two objective functions, including the reduction of transportation and maintenance costs and pollution in treatment plants and distribution centers. The results showed that using the proposed model reduces costs by 31% and greenhouse gas emissions by 51%. There will also be an 8% increase in the capacity of fields and refineries and a 65% increase in exports. Using the results obtained from solving the model, it is possible to determine the share of each oil product in the total price and each part of the chain in the production of greenhouse gases. According to the results, oil is the most expensive and oils are the least expensive. In addition, refineries have the most impact and storage tanks have the least impact on environmental pollution.   Manuscript profile
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  6 - مدلسازی انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای تولید گندم در سیستم های کشت آبی و دیم در استان خراسان رضوی، ایران
  سید مسعود معتمد الشریعتی حسن صدرنیا محمد حسین آق خانی مهدی خجسته‌پور
  کشاورزی یکی از بخش­های مهم تولیدکننده گازهای گلخانه‌ای محسوب می‌گردد. یراین اساس، این مطالعه به ارزیابی انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای تولید گندم در نظام‌های کشت آبی و دیم پرداخته است. داده­ها از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه حضوری با 116 کشاورز گرد‌آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که More

  کشاورزی یکی از بخش­های مهم تولیدکننده گازهای گلخانه‌ای محسوب می‌گردد. یراین اساس، این مطالعه به ارزیابی انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای تولید گندم در نظام‌های کشت آبی و دیم پرداخته است. داده­ها از طریق پرسشنامه و مصاحبه حضوری با 116 کشاورز گرد‌آوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که مجموع انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای برای تولید گندم در نظام‌های کشت آبی و دیم به ترتیب kg CO2 eq 8/637 و 12/65 بود. نهاده سوخت دیزل با 33 درصد، بیش‌ترین انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای تولید گندم در نظام کشت آبی را داشت. همچنین این نهاده بیش‌ترین انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای در تولید گندم در نظام دیم را به خود اختصاص داد. نتایج استفاده از تابع کاب-داگلاس نشان داد که برای تولید گندم در نظام کشت آبی، تأثیر نهاده‌های نشردهنده گازهای گلخانه‌ای ماشین‌ها، سوخت، الکتریسیته و کود حیوانی بر روی عملکرد مثبت و تأثیر نهاده‌های کودهای شیمیایی و سموم شیمیایی بر روی عملکرد گندم منفی بود. این در حالی است که تأثیر تمام نهاده‌های انرژی بر روی عملکرد گندم در نظام کشت دیم مثبت بود. نتایج تحلیل حساسیت ورودی‌های نشردهنده گازهای گلخانه‌ای نشان داد با افزایش یک کیلوگرم معادل دی‌اکسیدکربن نهاده‌های کودهای شیمیایی و سموم شیمیایی عملکرد گندم در نظام کشت آبی به ترتیب به میزان 28/0 و 17/0 کیلوگرم کاهش یافت.  Manuscript profile
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  7 - Dynamic Relationship between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Iran
  Maryam Khoshnevis Asma Shiri Azam Shiri
  The relationship between causation of energy use and economic growth is one of the important issues of energy economy, which has been studied extensively. However, previous studies in Iran have ignored the nonlinear behavior of these two variables, which can be as a res More

  The relationship between causation of energy use and economic growth is one of the important issues of energy economy, which has been studied extensively. However, previous studies in Iran have ignored the nonlinear behavior of these two variables, which can be as a result of structural failures. In this research, the self-monitoring regression model of time parameters with probability fluctuations (TVP-VAR) is used to determine the inter-annual dynamics between the real GDP of Iran (oil, non-oil), electricity consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions in 1972-2014. The results show that the TVP-VAR model is used to study the dynamic relationship between power consumption, real GDP, and greenhouse emissions. In addition, analyzing the successive responses of GDP time, energy consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions to structural shocks suggests that these responses depend on the severity of GDP structural fluctuations, power consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions. In fact, the existence of a one-way non-linear relationship has led to economic growth as a result of energy use. This finding means that decision-makers should consider the fluctuations of real GDP, electric shock, greenhouse gas emissions, and the relationship between time-varying patterns of Real GDP, consumption electricity and emissions of greenhouse gases when deciding on energy policies. Manuscript profile