List of Articles Ghajar

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  1 - Typology of Ghajar Era House in Isfahan
  maryam Ghasemi sichani Gholamhossein Memareyan
  Nowadays hundreds of outstanding Ghajar houses exist in Isfahan. Investigations indicate that in spite of their shape, variety and distinctive features, no serious study has been carried out about them. Whereas with regard to the special conditions of this city as far a More

  Nowadays hundreds of outstanding Ghajar houses exist in Isfahan. Investigations indicate that in spite of their shape, variety and distinctive features, no serious study has been carried out about them. Whereas with regard to the special conditions of this city as far as age, political importance, the existence of special quarters for various religious sects in the past, and due to their being vulnerable because of changes in life styles, variety ofowners, migration; and on the whole, losing its attractions for present-day life, a study of Isfahan houses is essential. The research method which is used in this study is combinatory. It is considerable at the results of this study that Isfahan houses have mostly been built with an introvert inclination and architectural specifications of a semi-arid and warm climate; and that they can be divided into three types; based on their architectural space features, structure and decorations. Type one includes those  which are built in early days of Ghajar dynasty. These houses are veryintrovert and similar to those  which has built during the Safavid era. The central hall is usually cross-shaped with a dome ceiling and a height of two floors.The adjacent rooms can be made possible through two lateral located halls. The skyline is horizontal, the yard is  as a complete rectangle, the rooms are usually rectangular and acute angles  are used in the façade. The doors and windows have two parts with a wooden horizontal dual between them. The stairs and vertical passageways are incosiderable. Type two Includes those which are built during the second half of Ghajar Era. The most important historical feature of this era is the beginning of extensive and unilateral effects of western art and architecture on Iran; This is accompanied by a mixture of traditional architecture and European classical architecture. These effects are initially noticed in decorations. In this era semi-circular arches, European style, and realistic frescoes were greatly common. Posters, pictures, and wall-paper were used in decorating the interior  partsof houses. Very fine and delicate Bote' Jegheh shapes were used to decorate halls, windows and flower-pots. Nice hallways were among artistic masterpieces  andusing colored glass prevailed in this era. In this period more attention was paid on the yard façade. The prevalence of wooden ceilings instead of traditional ceilings was impressed by west and the possibility of faster implementation was the most important development in structures of Isfahan traditional houseswith more decorative variety. Type three includes a house with patterns grown out of mountainous regions and is one consisting of a winter section and a summer section on top of each other. This type is under the effect of Bakhtiari rulers of Isfahan and symbols of foreigner`s tastes. Moreover, the construction of a porch in front of the main front of the building and higher elevation of the main front from the ground, alteration of the basement to the ground floor, alteration of the skyline to a curve or triangle, and stairs gained importance were some of the most effective factors. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Investigating the Changes inThermal Conditions of Residential Buildings in the Second Half of Ghajarid Era with Reference to Performance Approach
  Ehsan Zamani Aryan Amirkhani Hadis Amanolah Baharvandi Mohammad Reza Bemanian
  This paper investigates the changes in the thermal conditions of residential buildings in the 3rd and 4th quarters of Ghajarid Era. This study specifically aims to address the answers for the following questions: 1) Is there a meaningful difference in the thermal condit More

  This paper investigates the changes in the thermal conditions of residential buildings in the 3rd and 4th quarters of Ghajarid Era. This study specifically aims to address the answers for the following questions: 1) Is there a meaningful difference in the thermal conditions of residential buildings in the last 80 years of Ghajarid Era?  2) Do the possible changes of thermal conditions depend on the period in which the buildings are constructed? And is there a correlative connection between the above factors?  3) Does the apparent architectural agitation of the second half of Ghajarid Era affect the thermal conditions of residential constructions as well? Method: In order to achieve the answers, thermal conditions of 60 residential buildings, picked equally from the Kashan, Esfehan and Yazd provinces, were examined. Distribution of the buildings in the 3rd and 4th quarters of Ghajarid Era was considered for each province as well. The research method for calculating the thermal conditions of the buildings was the "performance approach". The outputs considering PResults: Results show a meaningful decrease in the amount of the following thermal quantities: (H/A, G, H/H^) in the last 40 years of Ghajarid Era. These results suggest that the thermal condition of residential buildings in the 3rd quarter of Ghajarid Era was worse than the last quarter. Manuscript profile
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  3 - An analysis of the historical event of Nardin and Goklan’s families reason of slaughter
  sattarberdy fajoori رجبعلی وثوقی مطلق omid sepehri
  10.30495/hstr.2023.1935356.1674
  AbstractOne of these tribes is the Turkmen, whose relations with the central government have varied during history. One of the events that led to the conflict between the Turkmen and the central government is the historical event of Nardin. This event is one of the most More

  AbstractOne of these tribes is the Turkmen, whose relations with the central government have varied during history. One of the events that led to the conflict between the Turkmen and the central government is the historical event of Nardin. This event is one of the most important historical events of the Turkmen that took place in the late Qajar period during the rule of Ahmad Shah Qajar. This historic event took place while the deposed Muhammad Ali Shah, in his unsuccessful attempt to gain power with the help of tribes and nomads, especially the Turkmen, and his presence in Gomesh Tappeh, had failed. In such a situation that the central power was weakened and disorder broke out in the country, there was a famine and a hard winter in 1289. It caused the Turkmen to face problems that eventually led to the Nardin incident and the assassination and massacre of the Turkmen families, Goklan.This study intends to investigate the Nardin incident by using the method of historical research, which is based on description and research, and by asking reason for the assassination and massacre of Goklan leaders and the cause of this incident.The research findings also indicate that the occurrence of famine, hunger and mismanagement of the rulers of Nardin and Bojnourd has caused this crisis.Keywords:Iran, Turkmen, the Nardin incident, Goklan, families, famine, tribes and nomads Manuscript profile
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  4 - A Survey of Sheykhorrais Qajar’s life and woks and his constitutionalism combats
  Javad Abolhasani Masoomeh Gharadaghi
    Reconsidering the political and social changes of the constitutional period attracts the contemporary history researchers’ attentions towards some elites that under the auspices  of men of high ranks of the constitutional period have been valued less. More

    Reconsidering the political and social changes of the constitutional period attracts the contemporary history researchers’ attentions towards some elites that under the auspices  of men of high ranks of the constitutional period have been valued less. One of them is sheykhorrais Ghajar, the son to Mohammad Taghi Mirza Hesamossaltaneh and the grandson to Fathali Shah Ghajar. He was engaged in uniting the Muslim peoples. This is why his off other efforts and challenges in the above mentioned era were focused by this very thought. In the present article efforts will be made to survey the role of sheykhorrais in combating the despotic system of the Ghajar government, bringing the constitutionalism movement into existence and the combats with imperialism on the basis of existing data and resources.  Manuscript profile
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  5 - The revolt of Khan Hsynqly Zfranlv in Quchan "Reads the report, together with Hossam regent" (1281 BC).
  mohammad reza ghsabiyan
   But in some cases due to the inability forced the princes to rule some areas such as Northern Khorasan (which is a combination of social and population) to the Heads of State and the Khans and the tribes were deposited. So that Quchan government (except for short) More

   But in some cases due to the inability forced the princes to rule some areas such as Northern Khorasan (which is a combination of social and population) to the Heads of State and the Khans and the tribes were deposited. So that Quchan government (except for short) is always the beginning of the reign of the Qajar dynasty Zfranlvha and Raza Khan and their children and their Amyrgvnh Qlykhan boy named Brave Dawla Quchan long the kingdom and its surrounding areas of interest and support Qajar kings and courts have been.  Thus, despite the importance of special political Quchan border provinces - geographic area of influence and direct the court of Qajar princes were still around. While the rulers and rebellious spirits independence and rebellion of children and dependents to governors Quchan important events in the border region that is provided.  One of the major events in Quchan Nasser era, Rebellion Hsynqly Khan's son, Reza Qlykhan Zfranlv shortly Quchan government in 1281 and was finally suppressed by Hossam became regent.  This causes the appearance and manner, and finally the formation of the then governor of Khorasan regent Hossam Ghaylh with emphasis on reporting and analysis has been investigated. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Evaluating the Mediatory Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on the Relationship between Internal Marketing and Organizational Commitment (Case study: Headquarter Offices of Aghajari Oil and Gas Operating Company)
  Mehdi Basirat Saheb Imani Mansour Zanejhad Amer Dehghan Najmabadi
  The present study evaluates the effect of internal marketing on organizational commitment with an emphasis on the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation.  The study is an applied research from the viewpoint of the purpose,a descriptive-causal one from the st More

  The present study evaluates the effect of internal marketing on organizational commitment with an emphasis on the mediating role of entrepreneurial orientation.  The study is an applied research from the viewpoint of the purpose,a descriptive-causal one from the standpoint of data collection,and a quantitative one from the viewpoint of the type of the gathered data (questionnaire). The statistical population includes the headquarter offices of Aghajari oil and gas operating company,from which 100 people were selected as the research sample through the use of stratified random sampling method and Cochran formula.The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling(SEM)method,using partial least squares (PLS) approach as wellas Smart PLS software. The results indicate the significant positive effect of internal marketing on organizational commitment, the effect of internal marketing on entrepreneurial orientation, and ultimately, the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on organizational commitment. Manuscript profile
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  7 - A review of the social and economic structure of Qajar
  shahin pahnadayan
  A review of the social and economic structure of Qajar Shahin Pahnadayan ,PhD Department of Law and Political Science Branch,Islamic Azad University , Karaj,Iran. Summary : Productive forces and production tools reiterate the agrarian mode of production and the ty More

  A review of the social and economic structure of Qajar Shahin Pahnadayan ,PhD Department of Law and Political Science Branch,Islamic Azad University , Karaj,Iran. Summary : Productive forces and production tools reiterate the agrarian mode of production and the type of property and social stratification of the third century until the thirteenth century, almost the same and the same has been. In fact, texture, structure and composition of economic, social and former Baadvar no significant differences in the early Qajar era. For it apart from ordinary professionals stratification, composed of two distinct groups: the elite Vhakm at the top and lower non-ruling class.The reality of Iranian society mentioned in passing, The frequency with which the different European models and their own version Questions about this all the difference (developed in Europe and the decline of Iran) comes. Today the discussion of economic and social development and backwardness and confusion is common in Iran seriously, and Muslim that the root of the economic and social crisis of today is not so distant past, In this article, the question of the social structure and economic Iranian Qajar era (society in transition from old traditions to modern life) will be discussed and perhaps by examining the social and economic structure Qajar terms of providing the origins of the chaotic and explaining and describing the present time. Key words: Qajar, composition, economic, social stratification elite. Manuscript profile
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  8 - The investigation of the Travel Accounts approaches to Iranian folklore in Ghajars era
  زاگرس زند
  Travel account is known as the most important sources for folklores researches. European Travel accounts in Ghajars era, both quantitatively and qualitatively, have most value for identification and investigation of Iranian culture. Folklore, Dudes, rituals and customs More

  Travel account is known as the most important sources for folklores researches. European Travel accounts in Ghajars era, both quantitatively and qualitatively, have most value for identification and investigation of Iranian culture. Folklore, Dudes, rituals and customs and traditions of Iranians have been representade in Travel accounts in Ghajars era, widely. Also European travel accounts are a great source for Iranian studies and are considered to be the main foundations of Western Iranian studies. Therefore, the way in which this culture is represented in European writings is very important. This essay has tried to study and analyze the strains and details of some Iranian beliefs, rituals, and morals by reviewing these travel accounts and categorizing data related to the culture of the people of Iran. This study shows that most of the data have been gathered with a positive or impartial approch and descriptive to the folklore of the Iranian people, and a small part of the data has been done with a negative or Orientalistic approach. Manuscript profile