Tūgh is one of the Shi’i religious “‘Alāmat”s which is to be studiedfrom ritual, religious, anthropological, and artistic viewpoints. Inparticular, the epigraphs of the Tūghs contain the Qur’anic sūras andverses, the Most Beautiful Names of More
Tūgh is one of the Shi’i religious “‘Alāmat”s which is to be studiedfrom ritual, religious, anthropological, and artistic viewpoints. Inparticular, the epigraphs of the Tūghs contain the Qur’anic sūras andverses, the Most Beautiful Names of Allah, the names of the FourteenImpeccables, the Great Blessings, and other prayers. Theseinscriptions indicate the general orientations or the Tūghs that aremainly based on recourses, glorification and remembrance of Allah,remembering the Impeccables, seeking help, and Shi’i ideals andslogans. These Tūghs are mainly souvenirs of the late Safavid to theearly Qājār eras.
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The Apocalypses, as the writings which narrate the revelations about the occurrences of the finality of the world, have much in common in Judeo and Christian traditions in terms of form and content. One of their common features is pseudepigraphy, i.e. the attribution of More
The Apocalypses, as the writings which narrate the revelations about the occurrences of the finality of the world, have much in common in Judeo and Christian traditions in terms of form and content. One of their common features is pseudepigraphy, i.e. the attribution of the Jewish apocalypses to the most prominent Jewish figures including Moses, through which the real authors could have accentuated on the authority of their works. The authors of the Christian apocalypses, like their Jewish counterparts, attributed their works to the prominent Christian figures. Meanwhile, the Book of Revelation is one of the most significant Christian apocalypses that its author explicitly refers to his name, John, as the author of it. Thus, since the early centuries of Christian history, many discussions have been made concerning the identity of the author by the Christian thinkers, which have even continued until today. This article is seeking to present a clear picture of the identity of the author according to some historical accounts, the ideas of the early Christian thinkers and the ideas of the modern scholars. The present study indicates that John was one of the early Christian prophets who was engaged in his religious ministry in Asia Minor.
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Urartians expanded their kingdom in the area between Lakes Sevan, Van and Urmia for about three centuries from 9th century B.C. The bronze bracelet with Urartian inscription from Tul-e Talesh has been studied by the scholars as a proof of Urartian border expansion and t More
Urartians expanded their kingdom in the area between Lakes Sevan, Van and Urmia for about three centuries from 9th century B.C. The bronze bracelet with Urartian inscription from Tul-e Talesh has been studied by the scholars as a proof of Urartian border expansion and their effects on the region or even as a looted object. This inscription is known to belong to Argišti I or Sarduri II. But the solder in the bracelet has been the cause of arguments and also distractions from other details. The inscription was written with two sorts of epigraphy and with no sufficient attention. Therefore the era when this inscription was written is hard to be determined. The inscription contains only two words as mar-giš-ti and uš-tú-ú. The second part is incomplete and could be uš-tú-ú-ni or uš-tú-ú-ri or uš-tú-ú-li. The author of this paper suggests that it was possible for this object to be moved from one site to another as an ancient tradition. It is also possible that the inscription was cut from another longer inscription and was made into a bracelet with adornments. The words in the beginning and the end of the inscription are incomplete and it is also possible that the metalworker cut the word Argišti for any reason and used another part (ni-še uš-tú-ú) with no attention or knowledge of Urartian grammar. Therefore, the translation is useless as there are two words of “Argišti” and “dedicate”. “ḫi” as a paternal sign could have possibly been hidden under the solder as well. The poor epigraphy of the inscription is the reason for the author not to accept the idea of the bracelet as a temple dedication.
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Khorasan as origin of Parthian questionably faces lack of historical remnant of Parthian. Discovering Birjand Kal_i Jangal Parti carved stone and epigraph in 1330 as one of the scant remnants of this era is very significant. In this paper we tried to present a new and s More
Khorasan as origin of Parthian questionably faces lack of historical remnant of Parthian. Discovering Birjand Kal_i Jangal Parti carved stone and epigraph in 1330 as one of the scant remnants of this era is very significant. In this paper we tried to present a new and spacious analysis of this matter considering all the researches done in this field. Thus considering stone carved that shows battle arena between a warrior and a lion which this kind of arts in ancient Iran before and after Parthian era was rampant, we tried to analyze stone carved comparing with other remnants such as Lakh-i Mazar Parthian and Elymais tang-i Sarvak stone carved. Also we want to investigate politicians perusing titles used in Parthian epigraph from political service aspects.
Manuscript profile
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