List of Articles Epic texts

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  1 - The Analysis of Symbolic Allegories of Horse in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh
  hasan tajikmohamdiyeh ata mohammad radmanesh Mehrdad Chatrayi
  The horse in Persian literature and culture has a special position. In Avesta text and ancient Persian literature the horse has been praised. The Iranian poets, sufists, wits, intelligent, kings, leaders, warriors, farmers, battalion, and religious messengers &nbsp More

  The horse in Persian literature and culture has a special position. In Avesta text and ancient Persian literature the horse has been praised. The Iranian poets, sufists, wits, intelligent, kings, leaders, warriors, farmers, battalion, and religious messengers    considered it as the symbol of fortune, luck, wisdom, and sharpness. The presence of horse in culture and ancient history of Iran Has been presented in the different images that inscriptions, silver and golden tablets, engraved stones of Achaemenian era This is the importance and special attention to this beautiful and mythological animal and on the earthen tablets of Dariush’s era also have been presented names of great horses of the country of Iran The horse also has special position in the Islamic culture. In the epical, ancient and mythological narratology-which guarantee hero’s adventure and the future events- the horse has the  most important symbolic animal usages Which like all none human elements of mythological world, has got a human identification and its symbol only can Be studied in the ancient texts. For analyzing of the rule of this animal in developing the hero’s position, symbolic and mythological horses’ position In the narratology of heroes’  mythological  lives which are in  the different cultures and tribes we have some more similar samples that are always being considered. Personnifying horses and dedicating allegorical roles to them, Hakim Abulqasem Ferdowsi contributed to attraction and value of most of his Shahnameh stories. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Examining the rituals of marriage and the characteristics of family structure in epic historical texts after the Shahnameh
  mehrnaz Firouzmand Jahandost SabzAlipur Ahmad Reza Nazari Cherudeh Shahriar Hassanzadeh
  Research in their epic texts shows Iranians have paid special attention to issues of marriage and family formation and raising children since long ago,. they worked hard to preserve and maintain health of family foundation. It is obvious that ancient literary texts a More

  Research in their epic texts shows Iranians have paid special attention to issues of marriage and family formation and raising children since long ago,. they worked hard to preserve and maintain health of family foundation. It is obvious that ancient literary texts are the important and reliable sources for obtaining Iranian views and customs regarding family issues. Certainly, the ancient epic texts written after the Shahnameh, including Banugashspnameh, Barzonameh, Jahangirnameh, Bahmannameh, Shahyarnameh, Faramraznameh, Garshasbnameh, Samnameh and Kushnameh, which are sources of present research, from These are important and influential works. studied ancient epic texts, regardless of their poetic merits and advantages and theological and rhetorical aspects, are precious treasures that have political, social, and historical awareness, as well as documents according to the study. It has been done, research and examination of the originality and compatibility of daughter and son, obtaining permission from parents, giving a sign from son to adhere to future wife and child, honoring the position of the wife making big promises, swearing loyalty , suitors participating in tests with difficult and dangerous conditions to measure strength and power, courting, yes and no, bride's adornment by Mashata, marriage planners, giving shabash to the bride and groom, bridesmaids or groom's companions on the wedding night, giving a dress to the girl From the father of the girl, giving a gift as an unveiling of the bride by the groom is one of the rituals of the marriage celebration in culture of Iran, most of them are still current. Manuscript profile
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  3 - An Introduction to “Zarirnameh”, a Poem by Molla Nour Ali Varmazyari
  khalil beig zadeh somaye erfani
  Molla Nour Ali Varmazyari, composed the religious and epic poem of “Zarirnameh” or the story of Zarir in Gouranian Kurdish dialect. This poem which is considered one of the religious and historical works of Kurdish local literature, narrates the important ev More

  Molla Nour Ali Varmazyari, composed the religious and epic poem of “Zarirnameh” or the story of Zarir in Gouranian Kurdish dialect. This poem which is considered one of the religious and historical works of Kurdish local literature, narrates the important event of Ashoura from the beginning to the end as well as the rising of Zarir using an epic style in heroic couplet. It is a free adaptation of Khazaee‟s Zarirname. As the results of this study show some of the most prominent characteristics of this poem are the narrative language and the epic style. The main theme of this poem is revenge. The poet, regarding the character building and the usage of other plot elements tries to advance the stories and he managed to build a solid, believable, and presentable context in the chronology of events Manuscript profile
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  4 - The Ritual of Sacrifice of Animals in the Persian Poetry-Narrative Texts; An Analysis Based on Theories of Sacrifice
  ayoob omidi maryam mosharraf
  10.30495/mmlq.2021.687443
  The ritual of sacrifice, as a religious-social behavior, is one of the ancient rituals that has remained among different ethnic groups in different ways. The present study tries to study the position of sacrificial animals in the Persian poetry-narrative texts (up to th More

  The ritual of sacrifice, as a religious-social behavior, is one of the ancient rituals that has remained among different ethnic groups in different ways. The present study tries to study the position of sacrificial animals in the Persian poetry-narrative texts (up to the 7th AH century) through a descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research show that sacrificial humans are gradually being replaced by sacrificial animals, and this is one of the good deeds of the founders of the divine religions. According to various texts of Persian literature, most animals like cows, camels, sheep, horses and sometimes mares, zebras, donkeys and chickens are sacrificed on various occasions such as scapegoating, repelling misfortune, protecting from evil eye, thanksgiving, succeeding in affairs, giving birth to child, repelling magic and talisman. The ritual of sacrifice is equally reflected in epic and mystical texts, but in the lyrical texts, due to the romantic atmosphere of them, there is often talk of donating animals to temples and fire temples, and there is rarly talk of shedding animal blood. Fraser's theory about scapegoating  as well as Tylor and Boyce's views about the sacrifice as a gift to the gods are more efficient and flexible than other theories.  Manuscript profile
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  5 - The study and analysis of suicide in epic texts based on theories of sacrifice
  ayoob omidi
  In the beliefs of predecessors suicide had a religious aspect and was committed for various reasons.  People believed that by offering their lives to the gods, they would actually serve them and their death bring welfare and prosperity to the society or that they w More

  In the beliefs of predecessors suicide had a religious aspect and was committed for various reasons.  People believed that by offering their lives to the gods, they would actually serve them and their death bring welfare and prosperity to the society or that they would join their beloved and guardian in the other world and find peace in heaven for this reason wholeheartedly they embraced death.  This research is an attempt to study the methods of suicide in epic texts until the 7th century using the descriptive analytic method.  Results show that suicide is a voluntary act, an example of human sacrifice and its examples are more prominent in Shahnameh and Garshaspnameh than other epics.  In epic texts suicide is carried out in five ways namely taking poison, bloodshed (cutting off head and tearing open the side), throwing oneself from the fortress, self-immolation, and refusing to eat and drink (starvation).  Among the above methods bloodshed is more prominent for it seems that blood has an important role in fertility of nature.  Suicidal case are seen more in Shahnameh in comparison with Garshaspnameh however intentions for suicides are more diverse in the latter.  In shahnameh suicide is committed either for mourning a child and close relatives, or to defend an insult while this act in Garshaspnameh is often done for fertility reasons in nature, satisfaction of idols, prediction of future events and earning respect of the gods. Manuscript profile
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  6 - A note on the standpoint of India in certain epic texts
  DARYOOSH AKBARZADEH
  Abstract Ever since the last century regarding epic and its composition many valuable works have been published, yet on works such as Garshasbnameh, Faramarznameh, Shahriyarnameh,Azarbarzinnameh, and Bahmannameh one hardly comes across critical commentaries written base More

  Abstract Ever since the last century regarding epic and its composition many valuable works have been published, yet on works such as Garshasbnameh, Faramarznameh, Shahriyarnameh,Azarbarzinnameh, and Bahmannameh one hardly comes across critical commentaries written based on the special social and political circumstances of Iran in the first Islamic centuries.  In the above magnificent epics, the geography of events lead to India and all heroes are intertwined with Rostam, the national hero. The reason for these facts according to the study of these works is the historic migration of Zoroastrians to India which to a large extent influenced Persian literature and brought about meaningful changes in epic literature in particular.  Zoroastrians’ activities in early post conquest centuries of Islam in Sistan province and their later migration to India are well connected with India being so bold in these epics and the central role of Rostam and his close connection with the champions in epic works is the outcome of this migration.   Keywords Epic texts, Parsis, Sistan, India, Rostam.   Manuscript profile