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        1 - Explaining the Principles of Environmental Designing Effectively on Student Learning in Elementary Schools (Case Study: Rasht Elementary Schools)
        Houra Foroud kamal rahbarimanesh sheida khansari Hossein Soltanzadeh
        Background and Objectives: Understanding how a learning environment works effectively is essential to designing an architectural environment. Effective learning environment is an environment that, along with other factors that influence children's education, such as cur More
        Background and Objectives: Understanding how a learning environment works effectively is essential to designing an architectural environment. Effective learning environment is an environment that, along with other factors that influence children's education, such as curriculum, teachers, etc. has an important impact on child education. The physical environment does not actually change the behavior, but it can affect the learning process. Therefore, in this study, we explain these principles and their relationship with learning.Method: The present study is an applied one and a survey method. The statistical population of this study is elementary school teachers in Rasht, 300 of whom were selected by random sampling. The KMO index in this study was 0.939 which indicates the adequacy of the samples. Confirmatory factor analysis and regression were used to analyze the data.Findings: The results show that there is a direct and significant relationship between architectural system factors including: flexibility, light and nature and learning system factors including: fundamental, behavioral and motivational factors, most of which related to the effect of nature factor with regression coefficient 0.610, which can increase children's motivation for purpose and vitality, which are effective factors in promoting learning.Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the research confirm the impacts of designing and adjusting the environment on children's learning. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that the environment is considered as an important factor in the creation of learning contexts.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Designing a virtual laboratory-based learning environment and its effect on motivation to progress in science courses
        Narges Feizabadi zahra jamebozorg fatemeh jafarkhani
        The expansion of the use of virtual technologies in education has made education available to learners at any time and any place The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of designing a learning environment based on a virtual laboratory on the progress More
        The expansion of the use of virtual technologies in education has made education available to learners at any time and any place The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of designing a learning environment based on a virtual laboratory on the progress motivation of fifth grade elementary school students in science. The current research is practical and semi-experimental. For this purpose, a pre-test-post-test plan with a control group was used. The socio-statistics included all fifth grade female students of Karaj primary school. 40 people from the mentioned society were selected through purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to two control and experimental groups. The instrument used included the achievement motivation questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability. At first, both groups completed the progress motivation questionnaire as a pre-test. Then, for the experiment group, the activities and experiments of the science book were designed in virtual form. At the end, the progress motivation questionnaire was given to the students of both groups as a post-test. The collected data were analyzed using the statistical test of univariate covariance with the help of spss version 18 software. The result of the research showed that there is a difference between the progress motivation of the two control and experimental groups in the post-test, and this difference is significant (a=0.05: p-value=0.001); This means that the design of the learning environment based on the virtual laboratory designed on the basis of Bayabi's design model has improved the motivation of students to progress in the science course. Therefore, it is recommended to the teachers and training providers to design and use a virtual laboratory based on the Bayabi design model to improve the motivation of students to progress in science lessons. Manuscript profile