List of Articles EKC

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  1 - Application of Pollution Haven Hypothesis in identifying dirty industries Evidence of iran-china commercial relationship
  Reza Akhbari Hamid Amadeh
  10.22034/jest.2017.10623
  Background and Objective: In all societies, economic growth and development appear kind of main goal but they also have negative side effects on other fields such as environment. In recent year, lots of discussion about negative side effects of globalization and free tr More

  Background and Objective: In all societies, economic growth and development appear kind of main goal but they also have negative side effects on other fields such as environment. In recent year, lots of discussion about negative side effects of globalization and free trade without restrictions has been done and with proposing the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH), the massive share of trade and the importance of globalization in transferring pollutants have been revealed. Method: In this study we used ARDL (Auto Regressive Distributed Lag) approach to cointegration and bounds test to identify long run relationships between variables in the PHH models about Iran-China trade relationship. All data that we used are in time series format and including 1987-2004. We separate dirty industry from green ones by ISIC codes. Four codes about dirty industries were identified and based on them we present five models that included four models for each ISIC codes that were introduced and one models to examine this subject that if all for goods were aggregated, can the PHH still true? Findings: Results show that Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is N shaped, the share of manufacturing products in CO2 emission is enormous, PHH from Iran to China is accepted about 34 and 35 ISIC codes, dirty industries that we export their products are pollution intensive about 35 and 36 ISIC codes. Discussion and Conclusion: The evidence highlights the need to look at the imported goods related to dirty industries in details because now it is clear that PHH may be existed if the examination was perform in the detailed level with looking at dirty industries. This approach to investigating of PHH can help policy makers to identify the green and dirty industries exactly and improve the environmental condition that we live in. Manuscript profile
• Open Access Article
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  2 - Analysis effect trade and financial openness on the government size In selection of OIC members
  H. Shajari H. Ostadi N. Kavoci
  In recent decades one of the important discussions among economists is explanation mutual relationship trade openness, financial openness and government size because in this field, there are many divergence of views. Analysis effect trade and financial openness on the g More

  In recent decades one of the important discussions among economists is explanation mutual relationship trade openness, financial openness and government size because in this field, there are many divergence of views. Analysis effect trade and financial openness on the government size is necessary.Therefore, in this article to explain effects trade and financial openness on the government size in selection of OIC members in fromework two compensation hypothesis and efficiency hypothesis. For gaining access to purpose using cross-sectional time-cerise context in during period 1999-2009 and GLS estimator. It is worth noting, to obtain more accurat results this countries based on per capital income in three groups are classified. Estimation results indicate indexes trade and financial openness are significant in lower middle incom. Countries and low incom countries.Also these indexes are not significant in upper middle incom countries. It is worth noting, impact trade openness is more than impact financial openness on the government size. Manuscript profile