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      • Open Access Article

        1 - Economic Evaluation of Pistachio and Wild Almond Forest Ecosystem with Conditional Valuation Approach Based on Rural and Nomadic Society (A Case Study: of Baft County)
        shoja mousapour Ebrahim Moradi Yalda  Razaghi
        Background and Objective: Forest ecosystems show the most important values of natural assets. Low and unfavorable valuation of forests and considering them as free goods leads to inefficient allocation and mismanagement of forests. Wild pistachio and wild almond forests More
        Background and Objective: Forest ecosystems show the most important values of natural assets. Low and unfavorable valuation of forests and considering them as free goods leads to inefficient allocation and mismanagement of forests. Wild pistachio and wild almond forests are among the most important forests in Kerman province. The purpose of this study is to estimate the conservation value of wild pistachio (Pistacia terebinthus) and wild almond (Amygdalus scoparia) forests and the average household willingness to pay using socio-economic factors, environmental inclinations and tourist perspective. Material and Methodology: This study has evaluated the economic evaluation of forests using the logit binary model with a two-dimensional double conditional valuation approach. Data were collected using 172 questionnaires from rural and nomadic communities and Excel 2013 and Nlogit 5 software were used to estimate the model. Findings: The results showed that socio-economic factors such as age, education, income and proposed amount, as well as environmental inclinations and tourist attitudes are factors affecting the conservation value and protection of this forest ecosystem and also the attitude of society. The location of the forests was positive and thought-provoking. The average willingness to pay protection value by numerical integration method was estimated to be 16059.09 Tomans per month for each household in the year 2019. Discussion and Conclusion: Factors such as young age (youth), high-income household, higher education, environmental inclinations and tourism perspective are among the factors affecting the protection and importance of forests. Regional policymakers and planners are encouraged to pay special attention to young people participating in forest development and conservation projects, as well as development and environmental programs in In order to increase income and increase environmental awareness and culture in their plans. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Economical valuation of Urmia Lake for non-consumable values
        H. Kazemi R. Hejazi
        Renewable natural resources have had a fundamental role in economic and social development of societies during history. Increasing environmental disasters has also concerned economists as well as environmental specialists, and has made the experts at management level to More
        Renewable natural resources have had a fundamental role in economic and social development of societies during history. Increasing environmental disasters has also concerned economists as well as environmental specialists, and has made the experts at management level to realise the need for protection and sustainable use of natural resources. In this study, it was tried to determine the economical value of Urmia Lake,usingLogit method which is based on people’s willingness to pay, by CVM method and WTP measurements. The main purpose of this study was to provide non-consumable value (conservation value) of this lake. In this method, 31 variables were investigated. The estimation of the model was carried out using the Logit method with EVIEWS software (10). Analyzing the results indicated that the amount of willingness to pay for each unit price rise is decreased by 21%. Finally, the average value of WTP for non-consumable economic value of UrmiaLake was estimated to be 52.58x103 and the total economic value of the lake was estimated to be $605 million. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Evaluation of carrying capacity of Bamdej Wetland of Khuzestan with emphasis on aspects of conservation
        S.A. Jozi N. Moradi Majd
        Bamdej Wetland is located 40 km north of Ahwaz, with area of 4000 hectares. Bamdej Wetland is a natural wetland with great ecological, scientific outing and economical value which in case it can be preserved and revived will raise all values as a self regulating collect More
        Bamdej Wetland is located 40 km north of Ahwaz, with area of 4000 hectares. Bamdej Wetland is a natural wetland with great ecological, scientific outing and economical value which in case it can be preserved and revived will raise all values as a self regulating collection.First, the ranges of studies were identified ,and four sampling stations were selected. The were sampled randomly. During experiments BOD5, COD, nitrates, phosphates, pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, temperature, DO, salinity, TSS and TDS were measured. Then, the results of water quality system are exmind. Ecological evaluation study area was performed using fusion rapid assessment and TOPSIS. In this way resources were based to 13 groups include: the extent of the wetland, vegetation around the wetland, the width of buffer, soil status, connecting with other water sources, depth of wetland, source of water supply, time of wetness, normal disturbances, habitat development, type of wetland cover, and biodiversity of plants. Comparing the annual quality indicator of each station with a table of water quality index indicate that the station 3 is belong to the third group and station 1, 2 and 4, belong to fourth group classification system of water quality indicator. Finally, Bamdej Wetland earned 59 points of 85 possible points of rapid evaluation method. This expression that wetland desirable conservation value is (grade 2). TOPSIS method was used for analys some important ecological factors of Bamdej Wetland. The results confirm that wetness time of Bamdej Wetlands weighing of 1.483 is the most important criteria of its value.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Estimating Conservation Value of “Dashtenaze Sari” Wildlife Refuge, and Factors Affecting the Willingness to Pay for Site Conservation
        Yaser Feizabadi Seyedeh Sarah Hadian