List of Articles Central Alborz

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  1 - Treptichnus pedum, a paleontological Geosite, in at central alborz, Iran
  Roya Tashayoei
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  2 - Surveying of the past, present, and future of vegetation changes in the central Alborz ranges in relation to climate change
  Diana Askarizadeh Hosein Arzani Mohammad Jafary Javad Bazrafshan Iain colin Prentice
  Acceleration of climate trend change is caused by the swift shift of rangeland conditions that using modern methods of evaluation to them are counted to sustainable management of the rangelands. In order for an investigation of trend change of rangeland vegetation due t More

  Acceleration of climate trend change is caused by the swift shift of rangeland conditions that using modern methods of evaluation to them are counted to sustainable management of the rangelands. In order for an investigation of trend change of rangeland vegetation due to climate change, central Alborz rangelands were selected. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the period of 30-year (1987-2016) was extracted by Landsat satellite, TM, ETM+, and OLI series. Drought periods were determined using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The Markov Chain model was used to anticipate the future changes of rangeland vegetation. The results showed that the vegetation cover index’s changes have risen and fallen for three decades in which, despite of increasing for some years 1986 (0.86), 2002 (0.87), 2005 (0.87), and 2015 (0.86); the changes trend was decreasingly for 1995 (0.53), 1998 (0.65), 2000 (0.62), and 2008 (0.61) years, especially for fair to very poor classes. The highest correlation (91.5%) between the SPI and NDVI was shown that severe to moderate drought has taken place along with decreased vegetation periods. Moreover, the Markov Chain model has anticipated a forcible declined change of vegetation cover for 2031 and 2046 periods. Therefore, range management approaches have to prepare itself in order to the gradual increase of temperature, which has destructive effects on vegetation cover, via regulating of grazing capacity and replacing of highly performance livestock in the future. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Estimation of vegetation cover percentage and biomass using remote sensing indices (Case study: protected areas of Southern Alborz, Karaj)
  Chooghi Bairam Komaki Reza Asadikia Hamid Niknahad Gharmakhar
  Vegetation is one of the criteria indicating the production potential of the land. So that the quality and quantity of vegetation in each region is a criterion for determining its production potential. In this research, vegetation indices of Landsat 8 digital data were More

  Vegetation is one of the criteria indicating the production potential of the land. So that the quality and quantity of vegetation in each region is a criterion for determining its production potential. In this research, vegetation indices of Landsat 8 digital data were used to estimate vegetation cover and biomass in the protected area of the central Alborz in June 2016. To study the correlation between vegetation cover and biomass with satellite data, 27 samples were obtained randomly in the region. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship between cover percentage and biomass values with remotely sensed vegetation indices. The results showed that among selected vegetation indexes,  Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and Visible atmospherically resistant index (VAR) had the highest correlation coefficient with vegetation percentage 0.53 and 0.52, respectively. Therefore, these vegetation indices are appropriate for estimating vegetation cover at a 5% significance level. And in calibration, the correlation coefficient for the wet weight of vegetation and the indices of Global environment monitoring index (GEMI), Simple ratio (VR) and Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) were 0.43, 0.41 and 0.41, respectively even though their estimations were unsuccessful in the validation stage. According to the results of this research, it is recommended that the indicators for the estimation of the quality and quantity of vegetation should be used in which the atmosphere and soil impacts are considered. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Plant megafossil systematic studies from Shemshak Formation of Abyek area, Gazvin
  معصومه Sohrabi-Molayosefi افسانه Hoseini
  The main formations with coal resources are Shemshak and Hojedk in Iran. They have special plantmega fossils that show Rrhetian- Liassic geological age for Shemshak formation. Studied region islocated in the north of Abyek area. Shemshak formation with high development More

  The main formations with coal resources are Shemshak and Hojedk in Iran. They have special plantmega fossils that show Rrhetian- Liassic geological age for Shemshak formation. Studied region islocated in the north of Abyek area. Shemshak formation with high development outcrops is formed ofsandstone, siltstone, shale and claystone. Abyek coal resources lie in central Alborz. Biostrtigraphicalcharacteristics of studied region belong to different ages. Outcrop of Precambrian formations torecent is available. The oldest formation is Kahar that lied down of Soltaniye formation.Paleoclimatologic investigations determined warm and humid ecology and semitropical environmentfor Shemshak formation. Most remaining of past plants are their leaves and main association contains9 genuses and 1 species that follows:Zamites sp., Otozamites sp., Anomozamites sp., Nilssoniopteris sp. Ctenis sp., Cycadites sp.,Nilssonia sp., Dictyophyllum sp., Cladophlebis sp., Pterophyllum bavieni. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Study of Germanium Content in Sangrood and Central Alborzʼs Coal and Feasibility Its Permutation
  Gholamhossein Nourmohamadi Somayeh Shayanfar Gholamreza Karimi
  Nowday(Today), Extraction and production rarely elements in the world, in to accounted in technologies that isvery important in mining and mineral processing. Germanium is member of elements, because of its rarely,many usage as semiconductor and electronic industrials, More

  Nowday(Today), Extraction and production rarely elements in the world, in to accounted in technologies that isvery important in mining and mineral processing. Germanium is member of elements, because of its rarely,many usage as semiconductor and electronic industrials, more and more utilized and extracted in removableresources. In this paper, will studied content of Germanium in one of important sources, that is coal and fly ashin two coal ʼs mine in north of Iran, located in shemshak, namely central Alborz and Sangrood. After analysis‌and study considered sample by Inductively Coupled Plasma/Optical Emission (ICP-OE) machine IranianGeology Organization, studied possible producing and extraction Germanium in present resources that itʼsextraction will not recommended in Technology and Economical status. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Studying of Central Alborz's crustal velocity by using ANN method
  Tohid malekzadeh Dilmaghani
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  7 - Spatiotemporal Changes in Snow-Cover related to the Land Surface Temperature over Central Alborz
  امیرحسین حلبیان امیرحسین حلبیان سینا صلحی سینا صلحی
  The area, covered by snow or snow-cover variations, is one of the important factor in climatologic and hydrologic studies, that could be also useful and applicable in water management and environmental studies, specifically when it is combined with topographic character More

  The area, covered by snow or snow-cover variations, is one of the important factor in climatologic and hydrologic studies, that could be also useful and applicable in water management and environmental studies, specifically when it is combined with topographic characteristics. In this research Land Surface Temperature (LST) and snow-cover interactions were considered. These environmental indicators interactions, combined with focal topographic characteristics such as slope, play a major role in snow-cover persistency. As a result, the influences of these factors had taken into account in central Alborz mountainous belt in Iran northern boundary. To achieve this goal, snow-cover (SC) and land surface temperature (LST) obtained from Aqua and Terra satellite images that are carrying Modis sensor, used in a the temporal range of 2003 up to 2018. Snow cover data with spatial resolusion of 500m analyzied using python programming language. The analysis performed related to the aspect as a major topographic characteristic in the scope of terrain modeling with using moving window and cell by cell raster analysis thechniques. The result, shows a strong relationship between terrain aspect and snow coverage in the central sector of Alborz Mountains. Land surface temperature and snow-cover had an inverse trend, specifically during winter and fall seasons. June LST (Khordad) was high according to the higher zenith angle of the sun in this period of year. There is a clear gap between the LST values of northern and southern aspects of central Alborz that could be result of mountain orientations to the sun rays, higher humidity levels and denser vegetation cover in the northern part. Southward areas, show higher temperature in almost all months. Directional analysis of LST, demonstrated, that maximum levels of LST are observed in the south-faced and specifically southeastward area and the minimum levels observed in northeastward and specifically northward area during all months. Southward area of the alborz mountainous wall, located at the latitude band of 36N, experienced a higher sun ray incident angle and thus having higher LSTs in southern and southeastern parts. Finally in almost all temporal periods (including month, season and year) higher LSTs in southern aspects (South, Southeast and southwest) in compared to northern one (North, Northeast and northwest) has been observed. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Assessment of Health Conditions of Mountain Rangeland Ecosystem Using Species Diversity and Richness Indices, Case Study: Central Alborz (Iran)
  Mohammad hasan Jouri Dnyan Patil Rivandra S. Gavali Nosrat Safaian Diana Askarizadeh
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