List of Articles Benefit Transfer

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  1 - Estimating the Cost of damages to Ecosystem Services Due to Metals Mining of copper, gold, bauxite and iron Ore in Iran and its comparative analysis with the cost of global damages
  jalil badamfirooz Roya Mousazadeh hamid sarkheil
  10.30495/jest.2022.61819.5440
  Background and Objective: Metal mining has significant negative effects on natural ecosystems within the mining site. Considering that the consequences of metal mining on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems within the influence of the mining sites in the c More

  Background and Objective: Metal mining has significant negative effects on natural ecosystems within the mining site. Considering that the consequences of metal mining on ecosystem services provided by natural ecosystems within the influence of the mining sites in the country have not been evaluated so far, the main objective of this study is to estimate the cost of environmental damages in order to protect natural ecosystems which can better facilitate decision making of the environmental planners. Material and Methodology:  In this study, the cost of the damages on ecosystem services due to metal mining was estimated using the benefits transfer approach, and a comparative analysis of the estimated damages with global findings related to the ecosystem services costs of the four four metals gold, copper, bauxite, and iron ore were conducted in 2020. Findings: In this rsearch, the total cost of damages to ecosystem services (loss of ecosystem services values) due to mining of four metals gold, copper, bauxite, and iron ore, in the total relevant biomes, is estimated at 57253180 million IRR (equivalent to the US $ 248 million) in the year (2020), which Its share is estimated at 4.6% compared to the global estimate of the total cost of ecosystem services resulting from the mining of four metals, gold, iron ore, copper and bauxite ($ 5.4 billion in  2016), which is a significant figure. The share of the total cost of ecosystem services due to mining the four metals in the forest ecosystem is approximately 86%, in the rangeland ecosystem 14%, and for the wetland ecosystem 0.06%. Discussion and Conclusion: The highest damage costs for ES are estimated for forest and rangeland ecosystems, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to try to create and implement sustainable development laws in the mining life cycle, even after the closure of mines due to long-term effects on the environment. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Damage caused by the war on ecosystem services in Khuzestan province; HuralAzim wetland
  salimeh ebadi ghajari naghme mobarghei mostafa keshtkar
  War is defined as armed conflict between different countries or groups in a country that can have devastating effects in various dimensions, including the environment. Among the effects of war on the environment can point to landuse change and habitat destruction, water More

  War is defined as armed conflict between different countries or groups in a country that can have devastating effects in various dimensions, including the environment. Among the effects of war on the environment can point to landuse change and habitat destruction, water, soil and air pollution, and noise from biological, chemical and nuclear weapons, plant and animal species destruction, A sudden increase in agricultural food production, changes in population patterns and environmental degradation strategies.The aim of the present study is to determine the economic value of the environmental damage caused by the imposed war (1980-1988) on the HuralAzim wetland. For this purpose, by studying documents, comparing land use maps and land cover before and after the war, using the Landsat 2 and 5 satellite image classification in 1977 and 1988 and the object-oriented method, various Analyze the environmental damage caused by the war and the severity of the damage using QGIS, ENVI and eCognition software. Then, using the ecosystem services valuation method (benefit transfer), the amount of these damages and damage caused by it on the ecosystem of Horealamiz wetland is valued. Eventually is calculated, it was observed that the war between Iran and Iraq caused an annual damage of 18 billion dollars, equivalent to 3857 One thousand thousand billion rials, on the environment of the HuralAzim wetland. That amount is for one year, and can be changed according to annual inflation for continues years. Manuscript profile