List of Articles Ayyubids

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  1 - The Role of Iranian 'Ulama in Sunni Consolidation in Ayyubids Egypt
  حسین مفتخری علیرضا اشتری تفرشی علی رجب لو محمد حسین منظور الاجداد
  The collapse of Fatimids and the Ayyubids' coming to power in 567AH was the beginning of a process which transferred a lot ofachievements of Islamic civilization from Iran into Egypt. In otherword, the replacement of Isma'ili Fatimid Caliphate with a sunnisultanate loya More

  The collapse of Fatimids and the Ayyubids' coming to power in 567AH was the beginning of a process which transferred a lot ofachievements of Islamic civilization from Iran into Egypt. In otherword, the replacement of Isma'ili Fatimid Caliphate with a sunnisultanate loyal to Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad caused constructiverelationships between the sunni Iran and the sunni Egypt. Animportant aspect of this relationship was the migration of some groupsof Iranian 'ulama into Egypt who were there mainly involved in therecently changed system of education and the new sunni court ofAyyubids. This migration not only transferred a lot of achievements ofIslamic civilization into Egypt, but also caused some political,intellectual and social evolutions there and introduced a new class ofsunni elite in Egyptian society. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Physical structure - the atmosphere of the historical city of Aleppo and dealing with Civilizations
  Reza Hormehr Mohammad Ibrahim Zarei
  Aleppo is one of the most important cities in the Near East region with its history of thousands of years. Evidence shows that this city has been located at the intersection of several trade routes since the second millennium BC and was successively ruled by tribes and More

  Aleppo is one of the most important cities in the Near East region with its history of thousands of years. Evidence shows that this city has been located at the intersection of several trade routes since the second millennium BC and was successively ruled by tribes and dynasties such as Hittites, Assyrians, Arabs, Mongols, Mamluks and Ottomans. Elements such as the fort, bazaar, mosque, schools, palaces, caravanserais, and baths are all part of this coherent and unique urban fabric. This ancient city was registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1986 despite its special architectural and urban development values and its unique features. Aleppo Citadel is one of the most prominent examples of medieval Islamic architecture that has been preserved until the 21st century. Parts of the old stone walls of the city are still intact, along with several of its gates. During the Syrian war, the city of Aleppo's historical fabric, including the citadel and the Grand Mosque, suffered a lot of damage, so that UNESCO declared it among the world heritage sites at risk, and therefore, efforts are being made to restore this fabric and its structural elements after recapture. The capture of the city is underway. The most visible landmark of Aleppo is the medieval citadel, which is located on a semi-man-made hill in the center of the city at a height of about 40 meters. The old part of the city, which extends outwards from the perimeter of the hill, covers approximately 1.5 square miles (4 km2). To the west of the citadel is one of the largest covered markets in the Middle East, which stretches for kilometers in narrow streets. Vendors are grouped by trade in the market, forming specialized alleys for goods including clothing, textiles, leather, soap, and spices. Many khans, mosques and houses were built with limestone materials and many of them date back to the 16th and 17th centuries. However, this would also be too simple. Despite the occurrence of various religious and ethnic wars and the occupation of this city by various dynasties throughout history and sometimes extensive damage to the physical structure and body of the city, the cohesion of the social structure has still been preserved and perhaps this cultural confrontation has turned into interaction, although The extent of the collapse of this historical city after the incredible invasion of the so-called Islamic State (ISIS) will be very extensive and lasting. Manuscript profile