List of Articles Aragon

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  1 - Aragon and Castile’s Trade Relationship with Baybars, and Pop’s Economic Sanctions against Egypt
  احمد B.Hazaveh GH Tajbakhsh
  Indicating how two European states, Aragon and Castile, started traderelationship with the East, this article is to investigate the causes oftheir trade contracts with Baybars, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, and theeffects of Pop Gregory X’s economic sanctions because of More

  Indicating how two European states, Aragon and Castile, started traderelationship with the East, this article is to investigate the causes oftheir trade contracts with Baybars, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, and theeffects of Pop Gregory X’s economic sanctions because of these traderelationships. Mongol’s domination of Asian main trade roads, andthen, Ilkhanids’ hostility with Golden Horde led to insecurity of traderoad from China to the Europe, and it was replaced by China-Europemarine trade route which was Red Sea-Mediterranean Sea, and wasredoubled the importance of Mamluks due to their domination ofsome parts of this Marine route. Therefore, Aragon and Castile wereforced to improve their trade relationship with Baybars, in order toprovide their needs from the Far East. Because of Aragon andCastile’s being in need of Baybars help, Pop’s economic sanctions hadnot any considerable effect on these trade relationships. Manuscript profile
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  2 - A comparative study of adjectives in Ahmad Shamlou's poems and poems Of French resistance poets
  zohreh sakian Mohammad Taheri
  10.30495/clq.2022.1972198.2481
  One of the methods of text analysis is layered stylistics. By examining the layered stylistics of the text, researchers divide the text into smaller and separate layers and study the style based on the most frequent features. In the present research, the researchers stu More

  One of the methods of text analysis is layered stylistics. By examining the layered stylistics of the text, researchers divide the text into smaller and separate layers and study the style based on the most frequent features. In the present research, the researchers studying the lexical layer of the text and especially the adjectives in the "havaye tazeh" by Ahmad Shamlou and the comparative analysis of the mentioned layer in the collection of poems (Les Yeux d'Elsa) by Louis Aragon and (De La Force de l'Amour) by Paul Elard, try to examine the affectability of Shamlou in this layer of stylistics. In the following, they look at the way of influence, adaptation, and generalization of adjectives and consequently mark the poetic words of the poet. According to the findings of the research, the repeated use and similar method of Shamlu in the use of these adjectives, which is the same as the adjectives in the poems of French poets, shows the immense influence of Shamlu on the two mentioned French poets and especially Paul Elurad in this part of the vocabulary layer. Some adjectives are bright, dark, earthy, dumb, distant, etc. The adaptation in this part of the Lexical layer has drawn Shamlou's poetic style towards sensuality and abstraction and made the audience more concrete in understanding. Shamlou's adoptation and the generalization of adjectives in different images have advanced Shamlou's poetic ideology and worldview in parallel and sometimes with the ideas of these two French poets. Manuscript profile