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      • Open Access Article

        1 - The necessities and predictions of international law for settlement of climate change immigrants in destination
        Hassan Movassaghi
        Old Testament writes that the man forgot obligation and commitment tohis creator for a while and lost the paradise as divine place for vicinity andmercy of the Lord and took the departure journey. However, the almightyGod forgave him and placed him in an intact and pure More
        Old Testament writes that the man forgot obligation and commitment tohis creator for a while and lost the paradise as divine place for vicinity andmercy of the Lord and took the departure journey. However, the almightyGod forgave him and placed him in an intact and pure land and did notconsent on his vagrancy. Now due to different reasons, some people leavetheir land and live homeless in the continents. Vagrancy due to globalclimate change is one of the exemplars of mass immigration enhancementwhich their resettlement has been converted to an international challenge.This research aimed at investigating the problems of climate changeimmigration and assessment of the international law regulations inresettlement of the climate change immigration. The research methodologywas documentary and secondary analysis patterns and at the end theefficiency of the implementation of these measures was investigated byfeasibility study relaying on the achievements. The findings show that, theworld countries and international association should pay attention to theresettlement of the climate change immigrants as an opportunity and notas a threat and employ mild legal solutions in comparison to other refugeesto prevent exponential increase of the environmental immigrants andrefugees and their legal and practical uncertainty. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Shifts in Köppen-Geiger climate zones over Balochistan plateau of Pakistan and its potential challenges to Iran
        محمدیوسف احمدپور محمدیوسف احمدپور تقی طاوسی تقی طاوسی حمید نظری پور حمید نظری پور
          Climate classification systems(CCSs) are important tools for understanding the specific characteristics of a region's climate. The main purpose of these classifications is to determine the climate types and to find their similarities, differences and variability. More
          Climate classification systems(CCSs) are important tools for understanding the specific characteristics of a region's climate. The main purpose of these classifications is to determine the climate types and to find their similarities, differences and variability. Climate zones are threatened by global warming and climate change. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible shifts of climate zones over the Balochistan plateau of Pakistan and its potential challenges to Iran based on the improved Koppen-Geiger CCSs. The data includes average monthly precipitation and temperature of the Delaware university dataset for the 1990-2017 periods. The results show the main climate with two subgroups in the study area. These climates include a hot desert climate(BWh) and a cold desert climate(BWk). The hot desert climate is dominated in southern and western and the cold desert climate in northern and western regions.In recent decades, the increasing range of hot desert climate limited the cold desert climate. The range of the cold desert climate has declined sharply, reaching from about 55-65 to about 50-55 percent. In contrast, the range of hot desert climate increased in response to these conditions, reaching from about 35-45 to about 45-50 percent.Therefore, it is expected that the zones of the hot desert climate will increase rapidly in the future. These conditions will add to environmental quality and resource depletion problems especially in border areas with Iran and can pose important challenges such as climate migration, border security, and health. The results of this research can play a significant role in adopting forward-looking policies to address the impacts and challenges of climate change on the border regions of Iran. Manuscript profile