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        1 - Analysis of the Train Metaphor in Ana Karenina Novel Based on the Model of Lakoff and Johnson’s Conceptual Metaphors
        Parisa Changizi Hoseinali Nozari
        Philosophers and historians of science believe in a particular metaphor for every century in the history of science. Meanwhile, the nineteenth century is under the metaphor of the train, which is the embodiment of the steam engine. On the other hand, at the same time, t More
        Philosophers and historians of science believe in a particular metaphor for every century in the history of science. Meanwhile, the nineteenth century is under the metaphor of the train, which is the embodiment of the steam engine. On the other hand, at the same time, the metaphor of the train plays a decisive role in nineteenth-century literature and it becomes one of the factors on which the plot of the story is based. So in the nineteenth century, the metaphor of the train, which is a tangible form of the steam engine for people, spread everywhere and it found a decisive role in the nineteenth-century literature. This metaphor becomes one of the factors on which the plot of the story is based. After introducing the train metaphor as the dominant metaphor in nineteenth-century science and literature, the paper analyzes the metaphor in Anna Karenina's novel by theme analysis strategy and based on the theory of Lakoff and Johnson's conceptual metaphors. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Conceptual metaphor in Saadi's ghazal (based on Likoff and Johnson's theory)
        nazanin baharvand masoud sepahvandi ghasem sahraei
        Language has never been free of metaphor at any time and at any level, whether in everyday and automatic language or in literary or scientific language. The fusion of metaphor with experience is such that it is thought that a metaphor can never be understood independent More
        Language has never been free of metaphor at any time and at any level, whether in everyday and automatic language or in literary or scientific language. The fusion of metaphor with experience is such that it is thought that a metaphor can never be understood independently of its empirical basis, or even possible to represent it in an appropriate way. Conceptual The systematic dependence of metaphorical expressions on metaphorical concepts allows us to study metaphorical linguistic expressions to understand and understand the nature of metaphorical concepts of our activities. Because of this systematicity, it is possible to understand one aspect of a concept in terms of another aspect. This article examines this type of metaphor in Saadi's ghazals by basing its research method on the conceptual metaphor theory of Likoff and Johnson. . The most cognitive concepts in Saadi's sonnets belong to natural elements and spheres of power. The high frequency of a name map means that this concept has a high dominance in the poet's mind and Saadi is either in conflict with these concepts or in association with them. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - A comparative criticism of the classification of conceptual metaphors from lakoff and Johnson view with new classification with evidence from Afghani and Ishiguro works.
        Sanaz Taghipoury hajebi Kamran Pashaie fakhri parvaneh Adelzadeh
        The present study, examination and compares the contemporary view of metaphor against its new classification.The contemporary theory of metaphors which was systematic put forward by lakoff and Johnson, the study of metaphor transformed in to a conceptual metaphor that i More
        The present study, examination and compares the contemporary view of metaphor against its new classification.The contemporary theory of metaphors which was systematic put forward by lakoff and Johnson, the study of metaphor transformed in to a conceptual metaphor that is at the core of cognitive linguistics that encompasses the purpose of human thought and experience. Most recently due to the lack of categorization of some mapping names, a new classification was introduced by Afrashi and Hesami (1392), who introduced the structural and ontological classes in to three new Categories: objective to subjective, subjective to subjective and objective to objectiveThe purpose of the present study is to review and criticality two conceptual metaphorical perspective and to express their similarities and differences with some evidence of Afghani and IshiGuro.The research method is descriptive - analytical.The finding of the study showed that although the application of lakoff and Johnson classification is the basis of much of the current research, in some cases it is not sufficiently responsive in classifying metaphors, Therefore the new classification is more efficient. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

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