Objective: The purpose of this study is to address the challenges of planning and strategic management of football clubs from an economic and social perspective.Methodology: The current research is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this research i More
Objective: The purpose of this study is to address the challenges of planning and strategic management of football clubs from an economic and social perspective.Methodology: The current research is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this research includes 153 physical education professors of higher education institutions, managers and members of the Iraq Ministry of Science's physical education faculty, coaches and referees and expert experts, managers of public and private football institutions, and the same number were selected as the research sample. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, which was prepared using the Delphi method. The data analysis of this research was done in the descriptive part by means of frequency, mean and standard deviation and in the inferential part by using Pearson correlation coefficient tests, regression and Friedman test using spss22 software.Results: According to the Pearson correlation coefficients between the research variables . the research results showed that there is a significant and direct relationship between the research variables including weaknesses, strengths, threats and opportunities. The results of the T-Tech test showed that there is a significant effect between the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats in advancing the strategic plan of football clubs. Conclusion: The results of the research showed that strategic management is very effective in achieving goals, especially economic and social goals. Therefore, it seems that special attention should be paid to obtaining sustainable sources of income for the clubs and sustainable economic development so that the clubs can develop in all dimensions
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The aim of this research was to relate the association of football fans with loyalty behavior with the mediating role of personal and social rituals and perceived value. The research method is a descriptive-correlation type, which is carried out in the field. The statis More
The aim of this research was to relate the association of football fans with loyalty behavior with the mediating role of personal and social rituals and perceived value. The research method is a descriptive-correlation type, which is carried out in the field. The statistical population of the research was the fans of the premier football league in 1400-1401. Due to the unlimited statistical population, 384 people were selected using the Morgan table. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used. The research tools include Bayer et al.'s sports fan loyalty questionnaire (2008), Fazel Hassan et al.'s personal and social rituals questionnaire (2021), Fazel Hassan et al.'s sports fan association questionnaire (2021) and Eggert and Olaga's (2002) perceived value questionnaire. were used The research results showed that shared perceived value plays a mediating role in the relationship between fan associations and loyalty behavior; But the variable of individual and social rituals does not play this role. Also, the structural model of the research showed good fit according to the value of GOF = 0.45. Therefore, it is recommended that managers of sports teams create a favorable image of the value created in the fan's mind in order to create loyal behavior in football fan associations.
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Nowadays, the use of sports and energy supplements and drinks has become widespread among athletes. It is believed that the consumption of sports drinks can increase their performance during training and competition due to the presence of ergogenic compounds such as sug More
Nowadays, the use of sports and energy supplements and drinks has become widespread among athletes. It is believed that the consumption of sports drinks can increase their performance during training and competition due to the presence of ergogenic compounds such as sugars, caffeine, sodium creatine, bicarbonate and taurine. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of two types of energy drinks on aerobic, anaerobic performance and fatigue index of young football players. The research method is a semi-experimental type and was implemented in a cross-sectional manner, and 10 young football players with an average age of 21±2 years, height 171±1.487 cm, weight 63.9±3.91 kg after participation In a familiarization session, they participated in 3 half-test and rest test sessions with an interval of 4 days. Sports drinks (Red Bull and Poweride) and placebo were consumed 40 minutes before the test. The results showed that Poweride drink increases endurance performance (P<5.5). In addition, Red Bull energy drink causes a significant increase in minimum power (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Poweride drink improves aerobic performance compared to placebo drink. In addition, comparing the peak power averages, the minimum power showed that the minimum power in the Red Bull group has a significant increase compared to the placebo group.
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