List of Articles عذاب

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  1 - The Ending of Divine Retribution in Ibn al-Arabi's Mystical Eschatology
  H. Siahkuhian
  The Constancy of Divine Retribution is an important subject inIslamic eschatology. This subject which is related to "the committer ofcardinal sins" has a special place in theological discussions. Ibn-al-Arabi among Islamic thinkers is the only one who belives in DivineR More

  The Constancy of Divine Retribution is an important subject inIslamic eschatology. This subject which is related to "the committer ofcardinal sins" has a special place in theological discussions. Ibn-al-Arabi among Islamic thinkers is the only one who belives in DivineRetribution no to be perpetual. He holds that Hell is a changeablephenomenon and anunstable affair. According to Ibn-al-Arabi viewpoint, the Divine Retribution finally will be transformed in to DivineGrace and eventually eternal peace(1) In Mechanics, Nature is regarded in the abstract, in the simplest andvaguest form of its idea -- that of externality. (2) Physics: In all thethree portions of mechanical Nature it is quantity and quantity only thatis exhibited. The matter which physics verifies is qualitative orindividual. (3) Organics, where Nature first acquires the character ofsubject, with the power which a subject has of gathering up all its partsor differences under its own control. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Study and Comparison of the Two Jewish and Zoroastrian Spiritual Journeys to the Post Mortal World
  Gordafarin Muhammadi Mehdi Momtahen
  The present article analyses the quality and nature of two Jewish and Zoroastrian journeys of the afterlife namely “Book of Ardaviraf” and “Dream of Enokh” while expressing their similarities and differences. The main characters of both works (V More

  The present article analyses the quality and nature of two Jewish and Zoroastrian journeys of the afterlife namely “Book of Ardaviraf” and “Dream of Enokh” while expressing their similarities and differences. The main characters of both works (Viraf&Enokh) are great men of their nation who experience this spiritual journey and visit heaven and hell and walk with creator of the universe and finally they come back to their people with great experiences and instructions. They inform people of what they have observed. In the “Dream of Enokh” the way the universe was created and how it works systematically is also explained but this article mainly focuses on the differences of Heaven and hell in these works. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Kholud and Everlastingness in Heaven and Hell from the Point of View of Holy Quran
  Nayereh Jamshidian Soosan Ale Rasool
  Kholud (eternity) and everlastingness has always been taken into consideration by Islamic scholars. There is no difference of opinions among scholars about being everlasting in heaven. However, concerning hell-dwellers some scholars believe in Kholud in inferno and eter More

  Kholud (eternity) and everlastingness has always been taken into consideration by Islamic scholars. There is no difference of opinions among scholars about being everlasting in heaven. However, concerning hell-dwellers some scholars believe in Kholud in inferno and eternal suffering and they refer to tradition and some Quranic verses in this regard while others, mostly philosophers and mystics, believe in Kholud in inferno but either suffering will diminish due to the mercy of God or hell-dwellers will get used to it. The present article deals with the meaning of Kholud, verses and tradition about it, eternal suffering of pagans, eternal reward for believers and the reasons scholars accept or deny them.  Manuscript profile
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  4 - A view on the definition of the devilry in the Glorious Koran based on narratives and comments
  Leyla Ghasemi Babollah Mohammadi
  This article discusses the definition of devilry in the Glorious Koran. After defining the devilry in this article as regards to the Quranic verses, we have divided it in some secondary titles such as God’s examination, God’s tribulation, poly More

  This article discusses the definition of devilry in the Glorious Koran. After defining the devilry in this article as regards to the Quranic verses, we have divided it in some secondary titles such as God’s examination, God’s tribulation, polytheismto God,, madnessandinsanity, Persecution of believers, weakness and tyranny acceptance (oppressive rule over the believers), big corruption, misdirection, cheating , excusing. Then, in each title, the related verses are discussed as regard to comments and somehow by using narratives. The most important examination and devilry for human being is his wealth and children. Sinceman’s attachment to them are more than every other thing. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Manifestation of Hallaj's Mask in Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati's Poetry
  Foad Abdollah Zadeh Ali Asghar Habibi Ali Akbar Ahmadi Chenari Mojtaba Behrouzi
  Poetic symbolization based on past symbols in order to create a romantic situation is one of the important poetic evolutions. Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati is one of the modernism strongest poets in this field who could express his poetic approaches in the most effective way More

  Poetic symbolization based on past symbols in order to create a romantic situation is one of the important poetic evolutions. Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati is one of the modernism strongest poets in this field who could express his poetic approaches in the most effective way by applying different symbols of dream. This article – which is done in descriptive – analytic method – studies symbolization and its importance in al-Bayati's poetry in general as well as analyzing Hallaj symbol. He has applies this symbol in many different poetries such as "Hallaj's Torture". The common points in two characters caused forming mask technique in the best way. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Analysis of mythological themes in the three works of Abu Trab Khosravi
  Pouran Adelzadeh Parvaneh Adelzadeh Kamran Pashaie Fakhri
  10.30495/dk.2022.1958129.2486
  Myth and its role in forming the intellectual foundation of human societies and its relationship with art and literature is not hidden from anyone. Literature is one of the factors in the life of nations and their immortality. The reflection of these ancient myths and b More

  Myth and its role in forming the intellectual foundation of human societies and its relationship with art and literature is not hidden from anyone. Literature is one of the factors in the life of nations and their immortality. The reflection of these ancient myths and beliefs of the tribes can be seen in the works of writers and poets. Abu Turab Khosravi is one of the contemporary Iranian writers whose interest in myths and sacred texts and mystical literature and mythological and mystical themes can be clearly seen in his three works. Khosravi's works have the themes of a surah with the characteristics of a postmodern novel. Concepts such as existence, word and writing, immortality, death, love, anthropology are the basic themes of his writings. This study aims to analyze the mythological themes of three novels by Abutorab Khosravi; That is, it examines "Asfar Kataban", "Rood Ravi" and "Malkan Azad". The method is descriptive-analytical and the results show that Abu Turab Khosravi creates his novels with an anthropological approach from two sources of myth and mysticism. Using the principles of elementary mythology, mystical literature and religious mythology, he has created his three works with the approach of describing the evolution of the universe and understanding the nature of man and the devil. His goals and aspirations are in the direction of human transcendence and immortality; The throwing of man into timelessness and holy times is the first and beyond history. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Imagination and symbolism of hell from myth to mysticism
  leila aminilari Farah Niazkar
  Imagination and symbolism are tools that mythology language and mystic language choose for expressing their fundamental teachings.The concept of hell is one of the universal topics that mythology and mysticism have attention to this. Terrible images that has presented More

  Imagination and symbolism are tools that mythology language and mystic language choose for expressing their fundamental teachings.The concept of hell is one of the universal topics that mythology and mysticism have attention to this. Terrible images that has presented from this evil and dark place in the mythology, expresses human’s depth of thought and world review in old ages and shows the man’s deep religious and moral needs.The hell-this valley of fire and eternal of the spirit’s fearful metamorphosis- has described in most texts with the words are related to material.The hell’s fire punishes evils and from another dimension, is a passage way for the ascent of the soul and the soul attains perfection with symbolic passage from fiery hell in its evolution.Also from a mystical view, the allegorical of hell is a point to degrees of separation and neglect from manifestations of God and to be cover sensual veil.If we die out the fire of internal hell, we can travel the path to perfection in a heavenly relaxation.With a look to the process of human’s insight to the hell’s concepts and its teachings, from the mythology world to mysticism’s arena, causes the extent of vision and a deeper understanding of different dimension of the adventure.  Manuscript profile
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  8 - Truth Of Torment in Mysticism (Based on Ibn Arabi Viewpoint)
  Mahnaz Tavakoli Marziyeh Peyvandi
  In Spiritual wayfaring toward The Great Lord, any sin and disobedience from the order of the dearest -The Lord- in itself will be deemed a sin that will be followed by torment. The veil of divine revelation and closeness to God, in the mystics’ point of view, is the evi More

  In Spiritual wayfaring toward The Great Lord, any sin and disobedience from the order of the dearest -The Lord- in itself will be deemed a sin that will be followed by torment. The veil of divine revelation and closeness to God, in the mystics’ point of view, is the evidence of torment and so is hell with the same level and deprivation of divine closeness. Any kinds of sin include stages of the same dimension which per se is torment so that the punishment of hypocrites and infidels and the rest will be different according to their levels. In fact, Hell and Naar are general concepts which cover all different aspects of punishment by themselves. Ibn-Arabi believes that the nature of torment is changeable and unstable, therefore it is a relative issue that fits with talent and taste in different recipients. In fact, in Ibn-Arabi’s point of view it is the understanding, impression and knowledge of the suffering man that would evolve towards to the issue of torment and thereby feels no pain and agony, and his torment finally ends up. What comes out of mystical texts would be that the punishment is in fact a manifestation of divine mercy indeed, which is used by God to reduce the burden of his sin by tormenting the guilty ones by means of which this mercy clears the nature of the guilty ones from turpitude and vice. This study attempts to use the verses and the words of mystics in a descriptive and analytical way to make clear the different aspects of the idea of torment, its reality and different kinds. Manuscript profile