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      • Open Access Article

        1 - The manifestation of popular culture in the KhavaranNameh of Ibn Hussam e Khosafi
        Sedighe Karimi Mohamadreza Amini
        Ibn al-Hussam's Khavaran‌Name is a epopee that tells imaginary stories of the travels, heroic acts, and battles of Imam Ali (as) against the infidels. It  is often considered as an epic work due to its epic features, although the features of popular literature have More
        Ibn al-Hussam's Khavaran‌Name is a epopee that tells imaginary stories of the travels, heroic acts, and battles of Imam Ali (as) against the infidels. It  is often considered as an epic work due to its epic features, although the features of popular literature have become so prevalent that it has largely deviated from the classical Persian epics. This feature shows that Ibn Hussam had a direct connection with the masses. Based on this view, in the present article, an attempt has been made to determine the most important folk elements of this work and how they are used. To achieve this goal, first the mass beliefs and thoughts of the people, and then some folkloric features of the narrative are examined, and finally the use of the slang language in its  vocabulary is studied.  This research shows that the Khavaran‌Name is an artistic phenomenon that has originated from the life of the people and has been mixed with various manifestations of the mass life of the people in different ways. As a result, the dramatic crystallization of popular elements has made KhavaranName closer to popular literature. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The study of slang and the status of allegory in the works of contemporary female fiction writers relying on Burned Hanay story series
        Malihe Sharilo1 Abdolhossein Farzad2 Shahin Ojagh Alizadeh3
        Persian prose in the course of their history, including their many factors influenced slang elements, although the impact of these elements is not the same in all periods of Persian literature. Slang language as the criterion containing several elements that significant More
        Persian prose in the course of their history, including their many factors influenced slang elements, although the impact of these elements is not the same in all periods of Persian literature. Slang language as the criterion containing several elements that significantly manifested in the works of novelists. S. Parvin spirit of contemporary modernist writers that a considerable amount of slang elements in his work benefited. The use of various forms of slang in the story of the past Parvin spirit that characterizes his stories language, psychological and simplicity also brought his word. zban Slang used in the collection of short stories burned henna can be divided this way: phoneme, word, deed, including overnight, emotional sentences, numbers, language and local dialects and the like. Parvin frequency of the cases mentioned in the story are not the same spirit. The elements of the story such as "burnt henna," "spell", "twin" and "Mr. guidance" Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Study on Vernacular Language in Molavi’s Spiritual Couplets Fifth Tome
        Saeed Ghashghaei Fatemeh Inalouei
        In his glorious book, Spiritual Couplets (Masnavi-E- Manavi), by using colloquial elements in Persian Language, Molana Jalal-E-Dinn Mohammad Balkhi (Molavi) has tried to elaborate and interpret his given pedagogical and theosophical concepts for the people as whole. Thu More
        In his glorious book, Spiritual Couplets (Masnavi-E- Manavi), by using colloquial elements in Persian Language, Molana Jalal-E-Dinn Mohammad Balkhi (Molavi) has tried to elaborate and interpret his given pedagogical and theosophical concepts for the people as whole. Thus, he has benefited from vernacular language and literature to make the speech more effective on audience in his masterpiece. At the present study, it has been dealt with extraction and classification of colloquial idioms, ranging from the smallest to the biggest speech unit (i.e. from morpheme to sentence) and implication of poetic evidences in Spiritual Couplet (Masnavi Book) at fifth tome where one may observe them under some titles including morpheme, lexicon, verb, composition, clause, sentence, ellipsis and iteration, adage (proverb). Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - The Colloquial Language in Ali Mohammad Afghani’s Works
        ali dehghan fatemeh hamam'chi
             The history of story writing in Iran is also the history of a revolution in the language, which, after the Constitutionalism, approximated lay peoples’ speech and moved away from the bombastic and vain language of the court people. This fe More
             The history of story writing in Iran is also the history of a revolution in the language, which, after the Constitutionalism, approximated lay peoples’ speech and moved away from the bombastic and vain language of the court people. This feature can be seen in Ali Mohammad Afghan’s works. Based on style and structure, his stories are classified under the category of regional stories. In regional stories, describing local rituals and customs and speaking colloquially constitute the basic aspect of the story. Presenting a general conceptualisation of language and language varieties, the present article focuses on the use of colloquial language in Afghan’s novels. Manuscript profile