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  1 - Aragon and Castile’s Trade Relationship with Baybars, and Pop’s Economic Sanctions against Egypt
  احمد B.Hazaveh GH Tajbakhsh
  Indicating how two European states, Aragon and Castile, started traderelationship with the East, this article is to investigate the causes oftheir trade contracts with Baybars, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, and theeffects of Pop Gregory X’s economic sanctions because of More

  Indicating how two European states, Aragon and Castile, started traderelationship with the East, this article is to investigate the causes oftheir trade contracts with Baybars, Mamluk Sultan of Egypt, and theeffects of Pop Gregory X’s economic sanctions because of these traderelationships. Mongol’s domination of Asian main trade roads, andthen, Ilkhanids’ hostility with Golden Horde led to insecurity of traderoad from China to the Europe, and it was replaced by China-Europemarine trade route which was Red Sea-Mediterranean Sea, and wasredoubled the importance of Mamluks due to their domination ofsome parts of this Marine route. Therefore, Aragon and Castile wereforced to improve their trade relationship with Baybars, in order toprovide their needs from the Far East. Because of Aragon andCastile’s being in need of Baybars help, Pop’s economic sanctions hadnot any considerable effect on these trade relationships. Manuscript profile