List of Articles الإنسان

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  1 - Release of contemporary man from crisis in Khalil Havi's poems
  Afshar Ghasemabadi
  10.30495/cls.2021.679144
  Khalil Havi's poems contain an echo from contemporary man and his problems and hardships that speak of the pain, suffering and oppressions on him. Havi considers man in the present age, especially Arabic contemporary man, to be a captive creature that is caught in the c More

  Khalil Havi's poems contain an echo from contemporary man and his problems and hardships that speak of the pain, suffering and oppressions on him. Havi considers man in the present age, especially Arabic contemporary man, to be a captive creature that is caught in the current crisis and is surrounded by oppression. Poet in his poems also deals with the oppressions and crises that caused man to be stagnant in the present age, to the extent that a deep crisis and tragedy is depicted in his poems, and this is the crisis and sorrow that is the basis of human existence. Havi is not unaware of contemporary man's awareness of his oppression and problems and it is to explain contemporary man with the human principle. In his poems, he considers ideas for human release and uses his existential experiences and expresses them. According to Khalil Havi, contemporary man, in order to free himself, has made release as the top priority of his life and with slogans such as hope, waiting for miracles, certainty, struggle and revolution, resurrection and idealism, strives for release and freedom and alleviation of its pains and sufferings in order to be able to do an action with these ideas and efforts and struggles for the release of humanity, in particular, the Arabic man and in all these circumstances, he hoped to achieve the freedom he wanted. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Idealistic human in Tawfiq al-Hakim’s works
  Fataneh Mansouri Jamshidi
  Tawfiq al-Hakim is one of the proficient authors in history of Egypt’s literature. He has so much worked inliterature, intellectual and cultural concepts. He was a craftsman author .It can say that he is dramatistic literature’s father of Egypt and Arab and More

  Tawfiq al-Hakim is one of the proficient authors in history of Egypt’s literature. He has so much worked inliterature, intellectual and cultural concepts. He was a craftsman author .It can say that he is dramatistic literature’s father of Egypt and Arab and one of the founders of the dramatic art, novel and short story in contemporary literature. Tawfiq al-Hakim had special attention to human and humanity. He also paid attention to training of psychological traits and good moral because they cause idealistic human formation. Attention to the humanity in his works is so much that we can say the whole of his works are about human and humanity. In this paper, we study the main parameters of idealistic human, they are: unitarian, moderate personality, social moderate personality, intellectual or sophist, believing to Eastern psyche, freedom friendly and etc. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Social Commitment in Nima Youshij and Muhammad al-Maghout’s Poetries
  Maryam Yaghoubi Rahimeh Choulanian
  Muhammad al-Maghout – Syrian poet and literary man – created prosy poetry and is one of the pioneers in contemporary Arabic poetry who played vital role in Arabic poetry’s development and revolution. He felt and understood the pain and suffer very soon More

  Muhammad al-Maghout – Syrian poet and literary man – created prosy poetry and is one of the pioneers in contemporary Arabic poetry who played vital role in Arabic poetry’s development and revolution. He felt and understood the pain and suffer very soon and witnessed Palestine’s occupation and chaos of the region’s countries. The hard situations made him disobedient and defiant. He is a social critic and his critical ideas are mostly about Arab world and their weak points against Israel. He called every one for unity and resistance. This article believes that social poetry and literature manifest humanity; liberalism and being against dictatorship are the most important factors of humanistic and social approach in Nima Youshij and Muhammad al-Maghout’s Poetrie. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Rebellion and its Alternatives in the Holy Quran (Analytical and Root Research on the Thought of Rebellion in Islamic Texts)
  Morteza Zare Beromi Fatemeh Kazemi
  In the present study, by examining the belongings of the rebellion, we framed the issues that lead man under the heading of internal and external motives in the path of rebellion. Then we went to the alternatives that directly or indirectly prevent the rebellion. The re More

  In the present study, by examining the belongings of the rebellion, we framed the issues that lead man under the heading of internal and external motives in the path of rebellion. Then we went to the alternatives that directly or indirectly prevent the rebellion. The results of the research show that religion and knowledge have a negative effect on the interests of the Tyrants, the correct religion is circulating on the orbit of monotheism and does not accept the strain against non-god, and finally, Islam is a monotheistic and rational religion that started its activity by ordering to read. These are the issues that we are considered in studying the verses of the Qur'an with a descriptive-analytical and inferential approach. Manuscript profile
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  5 - A part of Mustafa Lutfi el-Manfaluti Literary life
  Fattaneh Mansouri
  Mustafa Lutfi el-Manfaluti is one of the literary men whose writing method was effective on literary change of the previous generation. He was born in Egypt. He was interested in reading literary books; that’s why he had completed the science by Mohammad Abdoh. He More

  Mustafa Lutfi el-Manfaluti is one of the literary men whose writing method was effective on literary change of the previous generation. He was born in Egypt. He was interested in reading literary books; that’s why he had completed the science by Mohammad Abdoh. He had translated many stories and articles and had applied some French stories in his writings. His books are the most eloquent Arabic ones in the contemporary era.     Manuscript profile
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  6 - Palestine and its manifestations in the poetry of Fadwa Toukan resistant
  Seyede Roghaye Mahdi Nezhad
  Resistance poem is a committed poem which is not at the service of despotic ruling system interests and its desires and expresses all issues with explicit language without consideration of innovation and fantasy. There is no complexity in the resistance poem. It does no More

  Resistance poem is a committed poem which is not at the service of despotic ruling system interests and its desires and expresses all issues with explicit language without consideration of innovation and fantasy. There is no complexity in the resistance poem. It does not specify truth and  does not inform its audience unless the political suffrage dominate the poem then the poet’s goals are expressed by symbolic images. Therefore, the resistance poem is a kind of committed literature that its educational purpose is essential to communicate the poets’ message. The poem teaches the audiences how resist against despotic ruler and their resistance principles. Truly, the Palestinian poet in occupied Palestine suffered from the Zionists occupation. The Arabian league is against all who desire the holly word, freedom, and all things which may lead to its freedom. If Arab nations librated themselves from their government’s system the Palestine freedom will become possible.   Manuscript profile
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  7 - Rights the literature in Mikhail Naima’s works
  Meisa Dehdari
  Abstract: This article aims to disclosure questions blessing for human rights such as where before they see the light on earth, and how they were created, how they grew up, what this illness and his death and his return to embody more than once, and also wondered about More

  Abstract: This article aims to disclosure questions blessing for human rights such as where before they see the light on earth, and how they were created, how they grew up, what this illness and his death and his return to embody more than once, and also wondered about the relationship between man and his creator trying to find solutions to the question in this my serious presence. to that the secret of life deeper than that understood by ordinary humans investigated in this article and the idea of pantheism in each of the “Mirdad”; “Memoranda”; “Alerakec”;“whisper of the eyelids”; ”Zaad”, and so on; and we talked about the phenomenon of reincarnation and how when Naima and on the impact of this phenomenon in “Mirdad”;and in the story of “meeting”;and in the office;”he whispered eyelids” and so on, and "Masih"“we went to the life and death”; and “reward and punishment”, etc. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Review and Analysis of the Novel “the Survivor” by Ghassan Kanfani
  Saeedeh Mir Hagh Jolangeroodi Fatemeh Alinejad Chomazkati
  GhassanKanfani, writer, critic freedom fighter and Palestinian martyr, has written many novels regarding the realities of society (disasters caused by the Palestinian adversity in 1948). Ghassan presents precise and realistic descriptions of human being a More

  GhassanKanfani, writer, critic freedom fighter and Palestinian martyr, has written many novels regarding the realities of society (disasters caused by the Palestinian adversity in 1948). Ghassan presents precise and realistic descriptions of human being and existence in these novels. The novel “The Survivor” is a representation of the events of Palestine which could only be understood through inquiring into its themes. In this novel the author attempts to depict the events and problems of the Palestinian society as if he is talking on behalf of middle class of the society who is suffering oppression, corruption, poverty and deprivation. His charactersclearly describe the situation of events in Palestine. Ghassan tries to express the liberal thoughts and the main objective of returning to the holy land of Palestine through allegory and allusion. Manuscript profile
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  9 - Social and Humanistic values in the literature of Abbasid era
  Esmaeil Naderi
  Abbasid era is one of the most precious ears among Islamic Literature ones. Taking no notice of the privileges of the aforementioned period, the critics have considered its abominations. Appraising this era’s literature with scrutiny, one would culminate that on t More

  Abbasid era is one of the most precious ears among Islamic Literature ones. Taking no notice of the privileges of the aforementioned period, the critics have considered its abominations. Appraising this era’s literature with scrutiny, one would culminate that on the contrary, there were lots of famous literati who have endeavored in favor of promulgation of social and human values such as Abotamam, Abol Aala Al Maari, Motenabbi and the prosaic realizations in the following literati such as Jahez, Badi Al Zaman Al hamedani.The underlying incentive for which we have sufficed to enumerating celebrities is to mention that they are meritorious representatives for other literati. Manuscript profile
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  10 - Hāfiz's Poetry and Positive Psychology
  Mansour Pirani
  Positive psychology seeks "good living" and the scientific study of the "ideal man". It is a science that focuses instead of human weaknesses, mental illnesses and inabilities, on his strengths and abilities, such as hope, happiness, mental health, satisfaction, content More

  Positive psychology seeks "good living" and the scientific study of the "ideal man". It is a science that focuses instead of human weaknesses, mental illnesses and inabilities, on his strengths and abilities, such as hope, happiness, mental health, satisfaction, contentment, and bliss. Martin Seligman examines human emotions in three periods of time, the present (happiness, euphoria, passion and eagerness, being current), the past (satisfaction, pride and honor), future (optimism, confidence, hope and faith). He maintains when a person reviews his emotions, experiences and excitements in the present time and compares them with the past and the future, feels that s(he) is tranquil, secure  and joyful in present time, and must feel to have satisfaction and pride  compared to the past, and to have hope, optimism and faith compared to the future. The present article intends to show that in reading literary texts from psychology view point that reflects usually abstract concept of living and spiritual experiences of ancient Iranian nation, applicability of perceptions becomes more plausible. So, the article examines this experience in Hafiz poems that are comprehensive manifestations of Iranian living and spiritual experiences. Wisdom, Transcendence, virtues, hope as well as satisfaction and happiness, are examined from a set of capabilities based on evidences from Hafez Divan. Manuscript profile
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  11 - "The house of thorn" novel as a metaphor for Noah's Flood
  Nazanin Farzad
  “The House of Thorns” is a work of the contemporary Iranian writer, Abdolhossein Farzad. The time is stopped for the narrator at seven in the morning. This suspension in timelessness is an opportunity for the narrator to analyze history. His goal is to explo More

  “The House of Thorns” is a work of the contemporary Iranian writer, Abdolhossein Farzad. The time is stopped for the narrator at seven in the morning. This suspension in timelessness is an opportunity for the narrator to analyze history. His goal is to explore the past to find the moment of human evil; because the end of human dignity has paralyzed the narrator’s brain. This research is descriptive – analytical. The research findings show that it is a metaphorical work. This novel is a metaphor of Noah’s flood and the narrator’s bed is like Noah’s Ark. The storm of “The House of Thorns” and the waves which are hitting the ship of the narrator’s bed and occupying his mind, are metaphors for various waves of thoughts: waves of time, history, art, literature, poetry, philosophy and physics especially Quantum mechanics and till the end of the story and the end of the storm that the rainbow of “knowledge is power” appears, the author like Noah tries to talk about the problematic human and giving meaning to life with help of art ,poetry ,literature and humanistic cinema ,seeking to save mankind and human dignity by the Ark of his thoughts. Manuscript profile
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  12 - A Study and Analysis of the Components of Humanism in the Poetry of Nima Yooshij
  Ali Mohammadi
  The concept of social and human commitment in the modern sense has been introduced into contemporary Persian poetry through constitutional literature and the same concept is considered as one of the ways of distinguishing Nima Yooshij's poetry from classical Persian lit More

  The concept of social and human commitment in the modern sense has been introduced into contemporary Persian poetry through constitutional literature and the same concept is considered as one of the ways of distinguishing Nima Yooshij's poetry from classical Persian literature. In a sense, Nima is literally a humanist and socialist poet and thinker. Because his poetry is seriously and comprehensively departing from the individuality and enters into social and human realm. There are several fundamental questions regarding this topic that form the basis of this article. 1. Is Nima a humanist and socialist poet? 2. What is the difference between Nima's poetry and classical poetry in content? 3. What are the components of humanism in Nima's poetry? In the present study, which will be done through descriptive-analytical method and content analysis of existing data, we will try to explain the components of humanism and its social role in Nima's poetry. Belief in humanism, rejection of authoritarianism, human agency in social destiny, humanistic view of nature and humanism in social and human symbolism are some of the components of humanism in Nima Yushige's poetry. Manuscript profile
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  13 - Absolute Human Crisis and Conflict in Shahrazad by Tawfiq-al-Hakim
  Hadi Shabani Hassan Bahadori
  Shahrazad one of the subjective plays by Tawfiq-al-Hakim deals with the conflict between man and environment which ends up with  the victory of environment over man. Hakim believes that a force dominates man and it is the existence of a divine power which  ins More

  Shahrazad one of the subjective plays by Tawfiq-al-Hakim deals with the conflict between man and environment which ends up with  the victory of environment over man. Hakim believes that a force dominates man and it is the existence of a divine power which  inspires and guides him. With his Oriental spirit Hakim keeps faith in occult powers  depicted in Shahrazad dealing with the conflict between man and environment and the ultimate defeat of man. Hakim concludes the war of opposing forces such as conscience and mind and head and heart with the final triumph of environment. Manuscript profile
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  14 - Analysis of the Concept of Freedom in Safadi’s Works and Comparing Them with Sartre
  Ahmad Reza Heidarian Shahri Monir Zibaei
  Existentialism is a so-called philosophic and literal movement  based on personal freedom,   responsibility as well as relativism. In this philosophy in which individual is a building block of any positive changes, his fate and freedom are emphasized. Pre More

  Existentialism is a so-called philosophic and literal movement  based on personal freedom,   responsibility as well as relativism. In this philosophy in which individual is a building block of any positive changes, his fate and freedom are emphasized. Prevalence of this philosophy through literature, led Syrian writers to focus on existentialist thoughts and express such issues as freedom in decision making, choice, responsibility and commitment in literature. Mata Safadi was inclined to this philosophy more than other writers and was affected by Sartre and his existential thoughts especially his revolutionary positions about personal freedom. Thus, Safadi considers human as responsible for his fate and the only constructor of his values who should realize his freedom by relying on his nature. Along this he doesn’t deny relationship with others completely but admit it in a particular framework. He believes that collective commitment doesn’t remove human individuality but only cover his negative traits and existential contradictions. In the present paper it was tried to study the concept of freedom in Safadi’s viewpoint by comparative-analytical method and indicate that to what extent this Syrian writer is affected by Sartre thoughts in his writings in expressing freedom concept and how this effectiveness is  manifested in his works.                                                                                Manuscript profile