Discourse analysis as one of the methods of study of phenomenon in social science deals with systematic interaction of thoughts and ideas with social affairs. Each discourse system has three features viz. domination, opposition and agency and it tries to dominate all or More
Discourse analysis as one of the methods of study of phenomenon in social science deals with systematic interaction of thoughts and ideas with social affairs. Each discourse system has three features viz. domination, opposition and agency and it tries to dominate all organs of the society so that it should justify its existence. When the discourse system loses its justifying power its forces try spontaneously to redefine its discourse to adapt itself with new situation. The present article in the light of discourse analysis intends to examine the differences and similarities between the Apartheid discourse in former South Africa and Israel. As such the question raised by the article is what are the differences and similarities between the Apartheid discourse and Israel? The underlying hypothesis is that in formation of Apartheid discourse in both regions two elements of foreign factor, ideology and religion have played essential role. From the viewpoint of security and identity both regimes witnessed the dominance of geopolitics of war. Both the regimes differ from each other from the viewpoint of role of geopolitics in their sustenance and the nature of their formation.
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Abstract
Developmental policies of the UN with an aim to reach constant development and human development protect people against the elements which endanger the human’s values and wellbeing. Meanwhile, specialized organizations affiliated to the UN and some subse More
Abstract
Developmental policies of the UN with an aim to reach constant development and human development protect people against the elements which endanger the human’s values and wellbeing. Meanwhile, specialized organizations affiliated to the UN and some subsets of this organization play an important role in execution of developmental policies of the UN in under-development countries. In this research we study the role of these organizations in improving the level of human development in two countries of Iran and South Africa.
In this paper, we focus on evaluation of the level of human development, according to the annual report of the UN on human development and the indexes which the UN determined for this evaluation. These indexes include: rate of per capita production, life expectancy and educational and health status. Life standards of citizens are considered good tools for studying the development and welfare status according to the developmental policies of the UN in Iran and South Africa.
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In South Africa, the combination of ethnic and racial differences more than any other factor in a centuries-old process is influenced. Transformations and changes in the country since independence in 1910 was influenced by mentioned factor. Designed system was based on More
In South Africa, the combination of ethnic and racial differences more than any other factor in a centuries-old process is influenced. Transformations and changes in the country since independence in 1910 was influenced by mentioned factor. Designed system was based on the segregation and apartheid and after apartheid ended in 1994; the country's political system was based on the realities of racial and ethnic indigenous. Although both Nigeria and South Africa have British colonial in their backgrounds but the differences are in the objectives of the colonists. They had chosen South Africa to stay and the industrialization process was developed normally. While in Nigeria the purpose of colonialists was domination and exploitation of resources of the country. However, ethnic diversity, adding religious diversity in forms of both Islam and Christianity in Nigeria has been the main causes of gap over the years after independence. Frequent coups and continuous military interference in politics and Governance, separatism, ethnic and religious conflicts, unfair distribution of wealth, the absence of influencing middle class, and political and bureaucratic corruption; has been the difficulties always suffered Nigeria. Since 1999, based on its new constitution, Nigeria has gone through four rounds of presidential elections and in these years there has not been a new coup. Overall all the experts agree that the Nigeria is politically underdeveloped.
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