List of Articles treatment.

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  1 - Investigation of arsenic removal methods from drinking water with emphasis on metal nanoparticles (titanium dioxide and zinc oxide) and activated carbon
  Nastuna Ghanbari Sagharloo Mohammad rabani Lida salimi Hossein Ghafourian Seyed mohammad taghi SadatiPour
  10.22034/jest.2021.62932.5489
  Background and Objective: Arsenic is one of the heavy metals with a very high health priority. High concentrations of arsenic in water sources can cause many problems, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular problems, and even some cancers in consumer populations. More

  Background and Objective: Arsenic is one of the heavy metals with a very high health priority. High concentrations of arsenic in water sources can cause many problems, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular problems, and even some cancers in consumer populations. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the methods of removing arsenic from drinking water with emphasis on metal nanoparticles (titanium dioxide and zinc oxide) and activated carbon. Material and Methodology: This study was a review that was reviewed to study all articles in domestic and foreign databases such as IranModex, IranDock, SID and Google Scholar, Direct science, World Health Organization information base, Pubmed. The keywords heavy metals, arsenic, arsenic removal method, metal nanoparticles, surface water and groundwater were used to search. Findings: A review of studies on the removal of arsenic from water sources showed that since the separation and removal of arsenic from drinking water is very important, various methods such as coagulation and flocculation, ion exchange, filtration and adsorption to remove arsenic from water have been used. Due to good efficiency, low cost and ease of use and other management and environmental considerations, adsorption methods for arsenic removal in water resources have been well introduced. Which is one of the optimal methods of activated carbon. Among the various adsorption methods, activated carbon is a good adsorbent for the removal of 5-valent arsenic (As V), and its efficiency requires pre-oxidation to remove 3-valent arsenic (As III), which is best done with some modifications on activated carbon. For this purpose, nanoparticles have been considered much more for arsenic removal because they can greatly improve the removal efficiency and eliminate the need for pre-oxidation in the water treatment process. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that iron nanoparticles alone or in combination with other metals, titanium in combination with other metals, especially zinc, cerium and zirconium had significant efficiency. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Performance of carboxymethyl cellulose and alginate nanocomposite hydrogel containing graphene oxide nanosheets for removal of methylene blue dye
  سید جمال الدین پیغمبردوست Abbas Mostafaei Parisa Mohammadzadeh Pakdel Mousa Mohammadpourfard
  Today, with the development of industries and urbanization, the need for healthy water have increased. Hydrogels are effective adsorbents for removing pollutants from water sources. In this research, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were used to improve the performance of More

  Today, with the development of industries and urbanization, the need for healthy water have increased. Hydrogels are effective adsorbents for removing pollutants from water sources. In this research, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were used to improve the performance of methylene blue dye removal by carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel and alginate, which were biocompatible. Carboxymethyl cellulose and alginate nanocomposite hydrogels containing graphene oxide nanosheets showed good performance compared to hydrogels synthesized by chemical method. The synthesized adsorbents were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Different weight percentages of GO (0-10 wt. %) were incorporated in the hydrogel matrix and obtained optimal value was 6 wt. %. The obtained removal efficiency was 65.4 and 73.1 % for CMC/Alg and CMC/Alg/GO, respectively, under optimal conditions (initial concentration of 56 mg/l, adsorbent dose of 1.5 g/l, 120 min contact time, and 25 °C temperature). Analysis of kinetic data showed that the pseudo-second-order model had R2 order of 0.986 and 0.983 for CMC/Alg and CMC/Alg/GO adsorbents, respectively. Therefore, it was the most suitable model for kinetic data fitting. Monolayer adsorption capacity for CMC/Alg and CMC/Alg/GO adsorbents was 91.74 and 96.15 mg/g, respectively, which showed the improvement of the adsorption by incorporation of GO. Thermodynamic investigation showed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. Finally, it can be concluded that the synthesized nanocomposite hydrogel can be used as an effective adsorbent for the decontamination of methylene blue dye. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Health Protection Measures in Safavīd Irān
  mohammad ali parghoo javad alipoor silab
  One of the most interesting and neglected aspects of social history studies is the issue of health from a historical perspective. Therefore the present study seeks to investigate the perception of the Safavid physicians about the body and what measures they used to main More

  One of the most interesting and neglected aspects of social history studies is the issue of health from a historical perspective. Therefore the present study seeks to investigate the perception of the Safavid physicians about the body and what measures they used to maintain health or to deal with and treat various diseases. The present study is an applied study in terms of purpose. The health measures identified in the present study can be considered efficient, effective, and low-cost interventions in providing a healthy lifestyle by healthcare providers. Data were collected by library method and materials were presented by descriptive-analytical method. The findings of the present study indicate that the physicians of the Safavid era, by paying attention to the opinions of former physicians, defined the body and concepts such as wellness, health and disease in the framework of the teachings of humors view and under the title of “umure-e tabi’iyyah”. The behavioral approach of physicians by referring to the opinions of former physicians as well as their own experiences, in the first step was aimed at protecting the health of the body by maintaining the balance of the body's temperament and restoring the balance to it when the disease occurs. Keeping the body healthy had a direct relationship with observance of physicians preventive recommendations regarding the six principles of “Hava, Makoul va mashroob, Harakat va sokon, Khab va bidari, Aaraz-e nafsani, Ehtebas va estefrag”. In the second step, in the case of disease, according to the pathogen, different treatment methods were used. Manuscript profile