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        1 - The effects of glutamine on serum LDH and CK in rats following a session of resistance activity
        Shima Ebadi Ardeshir Zafari
        Muscle pain after resistance activities, which occurs due to the destruction of sarcolema, increases the serum levels of LDH and CK enzymes as indicators of muscle damage. The results have shown that the use of food supplements such as glutamine can be useful in reducin More
        Muscle pain after resistance activities, which occurs due to the destruction of sarcolema, increases the serum levels of LDH and CK enzymes as indicators of muscle damage. The results have shown that the use of food supplements such as glutamine can be useful in reducing the serum indicators of muscle damage. The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of glutamine supplementation on serum indicators of muscle damage, including the serum levels of LDH and CK enzymes following a session of resistance activity. The present experimental study was carried out using an animal model in the form of a 3 group’s research design with a control group. To this end, 30 six-week-old adult male Wistar rats were kept under controlled conditions for 2 weeks and were then divided into three equal groups, including control, and resistance activity with/ without glutamine supplementation. The glutamine supplementation group received the prepared emulsion by gavage of 200 mg/kg of body weight. After five days, both experimental groups participated in a session of resistance activity (namely, climbing a smooth ramp with one and a half meters height and a 85° decline) with 4 sets, 5 repetitions, 30 seconds of rest between repetitions and 2 minutes of rest between sets. The initial load was considered equal to 50% of the rats' body weight. One-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test were used at a significance level of p ≥ 0.05. The levels of CK and LDH enzymes were different in groups. A five-day glutamine supplementation before performing a session of resistance activity can cause a lower increase in the serum levels of CK and LDH enzymes as serum indicators of muscle damage, which indicates the protective effect of glutamine in maintaining the integrity and structure of cell membrane. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The Effect of Short-term Creatine Supplementation on Lactate Dehydrogenase after a Session of Intense Aerobic and Anaerobic Activity in Active Women
        Esmail Ghorbanian
        The aim of the current research was to the effect of short-term creatine supplementation on lactate dehydrogenase after a session of intense aerobic and anaerobic activity in active women. For this purpose, 40 active women of Damghan city with an average age (25 ± 5 yea More
        The aim of the current research was to the effect of short-term creatine supplementation on lactate dehydrogenase after a session of intense aerobic and anaerobic activity in active women. For this purpose, 40 active women of Damghan city with an average age (25 ± 5 years), weight (63 ± 7 kg), height (165 ± 7.5 cm) and body mass index (25 ± 5 kg/m2) voluntarily participated in this research. The research was of a semi-experimental type, and the subjects were randomly divided into four groups iaerobic supplementation (10 people), aerobic placebo (10 people), anaerobic supplementation (10 people), and anaerobic placebo (10 people) and studied. The supplement group consumed creatine every day (0.3 grams per kilogram of body weight) in 4 meals (8, 12, 16, and 20 hours) for 7 days; the placebo group consumed the same amount of corn powder. The aerobic group performed the Bruce test before and after completing it, and the anaerobic group performed the Wingate test. Blood samples were taken from the subjects after aerobic and anaerobic tests and after taking supplements and repeating the tests to measure lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Index measurement was done using the relevant kits and with the help of an auto-analyzer, the analysis of variance test was used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that there is no significant difference between the LDH level of the aerobic creatine group and the aerobic placebo group, as well as the anaerobic creatine group and the anaerobic placebo group, but the comparison of the LDH level of the aerobic creatine group and the anaerobic creatine group showed that there is a significant difference. In other words, taking a creatine supplement along with a session of acute aerobic activity led to a greater decrease in LDH than taking this supplement after anaerobic activity. In general, it can be concluded that creatine monohydrate loading does not significantly reduce LDH levels. Manuscript profile